Immune cell type divergence in a basal chordate
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1258273 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR33414822.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR33414823.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR33414824.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR33414825.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
Items per page: 5 1 - 4 of 4 |
Similar Datasets
Project description:Evolutionary adaptations often occur at the level of cell types and cellular function. Innate immune cells are a promising system for studying cell type evolution, as they are widespread across metazoans, have several conserved functions, and are under selective pressure from pathogens. However, molecular characterizations of invertebrate immune cells are limited, and it remains unclear whether invertebrate immune cell types are homologous to those in vertebrates. Here we use single-cell RNA sequencing, in situ hybridization, and live reporters to define the identity of blood cell states from a basal chordate, Ciona robusta. We find evidence that C. robusta circulating blood contains a differentiation hierarchy that gives rise to at least eight major morphotypes, constituting approximately half of mature blood cell states. The mature cell states include phagocytes, as well as cells variously expressing vanadium-binding proteins, carbonic anhydrases, pattern recognition receptors, cytokines, and complement factors. Despite the expression of homologs to vertebrate immune components, extensive divergence between tunicate and vertebrate immune cells obscures cell state homology. Altogether, this work modernizes blood cell classifications in C. robusta and extends the known repertoire of immune cells within chordates.
2025-05-23 | GSE296253 | GEO
Project description:The evolution of gene expression programs underlying the development of vertebrates remains poorly characterized. Here, we present a comprehensive proteome atlas of the model chordate Ciona, covering eight developmental stages and ~7k translated genes, accompanied by a multi-omics analysis of co-evolution with the vertebrate Xenopus. Quantitative proteome comparisons argue against the widely held hourglass model, based solely on transcriptomic profiles, whereby peak conservation is observed during mid-developmental stages. Our analysis reveals maximal divergence at these stages, particularly gastrulation and neurulation. Together, our work provides a valuable resource for evaluating conservation and divergence of multi-omics profiles underlying the diversification of vertebrates.
2023-11-27 | GSE237005 | GEO
Project description:We present a comprehensive proteome atlas of the model chordate Ciona, covering eight developmental stages and ~7k translated genes as well as a deep quantitative atlas of maternal proteins found in the Ciona egg.
2023-11-28 | PXD043619 | Pride
Project description:Background: Gonad differentiation is an essential function for all sexually reproducing species, and many aspects of these developmental processes are highly conserved among the metazoa. The colonial ascidian, Botryllus schlosseri is a chordate model organism which offers two unique traits that can be utilized to characterize the genes underlying germline development: a colonial life history and variable fertility. These properties allow individual genotypes to be isolated at different stages of fertility and gene expression can be characterized comprehensively. Results: Here we characterized the transcriptome of both fertile and infertile colonies throughout blastogenesis (asexual development) using differential expression analysis. We identified genes (as few as 7 and as many as 647) regulating fertility in Botryllus at each stage of blastogenesis. Several of these genes appear to drive gonad maturation, as they are expressed by follicle cells surrounding both testis and oocyte precursors. Spatial and temporal expression of differentially expressed genes was analyzed by in situ hybridization, confirming expression in developing gonads. Conclusion: We have identified several genes expressed in developing and mature gonads in B. schlosseri. Analysis of genes upregulated in fertile animals suggests a high level of conservation of the mechanisms regulating fertility between basal chordates and vertebrates. mRNA profiles of seven infertile stages from infertile Botryllus schlosseri colonies (each in triplicates) and seven stages of fertile Botryllus schlosseri colonies (each in triplicates) using Illumina deep sequencing and analyzed for differential expression between each stage.
2015-01-12 | E-GEOD-62112 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Gonad differentiation is an essential function for all sexually reproducing species, and many aspects of these developmental processes are highly conserved among the metazoa. The colonial ascidian, Botryllus schlosseri is a chordate model organism which offers two unique traits that can be utilized to characterize the genes underlying germline development: a colonial life history and variable fertility. These properties allow individual genotypes to be isolated at different stages of fertility and gene expression can be characterized comprehensively. Results: Here we characterized the transcriptome of both fertile and infertile colonies throughout blastogenesis (asexual development) using differential expression analysis. We identified genes (as few as 7 and as many as 647) regulating fertility in Botryllus at each stage of blastogenesis. Several of these genes appear to drive gonad maturation, as they are expressed by follicle cells surrounding both testis and oocyte precursors. Spatial and temporal expression of differentially expressed genes was analyzed by in situ hybridization, confirming expression in developing gonads. Conclusion: We have identified several genes expressed in developing and mature gonads in B. schlosseri. Analysis of genes upregulated in fertile animals suggests a high level of conservation of the mechanisms regulating fertility between basal chordates and vertebrates.
2015-01-12 | GSE62112 | GEO
Project description:We report the comprehensive sequencing of small RNA libraries created from different developmental stages of the basal chordate, Ciona intestinalis. Surprisingly, half of the identified miRNA loci encode not two, but up to four distinct small RNAs. These additional RNAs, termed “moRs”, are generated from sequences adjacent to the predicted ~60-nt pre-miRNA. moRs appear to be produced by RNAse-III-like processing, are ~20-nt in length, have 5’-monophosphate and 3’-hydroxl termini, and like miRNAs, are developmentally regulated.
2009-01-18 | GSE13625 | GEO
Project description:We report the comprehensive sequencing of small RNA libraries created from different developmental stages of the basal chordate, Ciona intestinalis. Surprisingly, half of the identified miRNA loci encode not two, but up to four distinct small RNAs. These additional RNAs, termed M-bM-^@M-^\moRsM-bM-^@M-^], are generated from sequences adjacent to the predicted ~60-nt pre-miRNA. moRs appear to be produced by RNAse-III-like processing, are ~20-nt in length, have 5M-bM-^@M-^Y-monophosphate and 3M-bM-^@M-^Y-hydroxl termini, and like miRNAs, are developmentally regulated. Sequencing of small RNA libraries from 4 stages of Ciona intestinalis. Ciona_LarvaMir309_RNASeq and Dmel_Toll10b_RNASeq are sequencing runs to detect if the expression of these RNA products is specific to Ciona or not. An ectopic transcript of the Drosophila melanogaster miR-309 locus was expressed in Ciona to see if it processed the miRs differently than Drosophila melanogaster. The Dmel sequence is from the endogenous case and is a control for comparison.
2009-01-18 | E-GEOD-13625 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:A common CNS architecture is observed in all chordates, from vertebrates to basal chordates like the ascidian Ciona. Ciona stands apart among chordates in having a complete larval connectome. Starting with visuomotor circuits predicted by the Ciona connectome, we used expression maps of neurotransmitter use with behavioral assays to identify two parallel visuomotor circuits that are responsive to different components of visual stimuli. The first circuit is characterized by glutamatergic photoreceptors and responds to the direction of light. These photoreceptors project to cholinergic motor neurons, via two tiers of cholinergic interneurons. The second circuit responds to changes in ambient light and mediates an escape response. This circuit uses GABAergic photoreceptors which project to GABAergic interneurons, and then to cholinergic interneurons. Our observations on the behavior of larvae either treated with a GABA receptor antagonist or carrying a mutation that eliminates photoreceptors indicate the second circuit is disinhibitory.
| S-EPMC6499539 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Vascular Aging in the Invertebrate Chordate, Botryllus schlosseri
| PRJNA474433 | ENA
Project description:Multicellular organisms evolved via repeated functional divergence of transcriptionally related sister cell types, but the mechanisms underlying sister cell type divergence are not well understood. Here, we study a canonical pair of sister cell types, retinal photoreceptors and bipolar cells, to identify key cis-regulatory features that mediate the transcriptomic and functional differences between them. We generated open chromatin maps and transcriptome profiles of mouse ON and OFF bipolar cells isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and compared them to similar data from rod and cone photoreceptors. We found that photoreceptors and bipolar cells have divergent transcriptional profiles, and yet share remarkably similar cis-regulatory grammars. The predominant cis-regulatory motifs in the enhancers of both cell classes are K50 homeodomain binding sites, which are required for activity. These motifs are bound by two transcription factors (TFs), CRX and OTX2, which are expressed in both photoreceptors and bipolar cells. In contrast, cell type-specific open chromatin regions are distinguished by enrichment of E-box motifs in bipolar cells, and Q50 homeodomain motifs in photoreceptors. In bipolar cells, Q50 motifs are thought to mediate repression of photoreceptor-specific genes through the bipolar-specific TF VSX2. We show that converting selected K50 motifs to Q50 motifs represses reporter expression in bipolar cells, while photoreceptor expression is maintained. These findings suggest that partitioning of Q50 motifs within cell type-specific CREs was likely a critical step in the divergence of the bipolar transcriptome from that of photoreceptors, facilitating the emergence of the complex interneuronal circuitry of the vertebrate retina.
2019-10-16 | GSE131625 | GEO