Project description:Oxaliplatin(OXA) chemotherapy protocols are used in treatment of cancers like colorectal (CRC) and pancreatic cancer. OXA causes peripheral neuropathy which is considered treatment limiting factor. In recent studies, it shows that omeprazole(OME) has antioxidant effect and can inhibit organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) in kidney. So OME can protect against peripheral neuropathy induced by OXA through oxidative stress . Also OME activates extracellular-signal-regulated kinase(ERK) / mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK) pathway, so improves demyelinating symptoms.
Project description:Mesothelioma is an aggressive cancer of the mesothelial layer associated with an extensive fibrotic response. The latter is in large part mediated by cancer-associated fibroblasts which mediate tumour progression and poor prognosis. However, understanding of the crosstalk between cancer cells and fibroblasts in this disease is mostly lacking. Here, using co-cultures of patient-derived mesothelioma cell lines and lung fibroblasts, we demonstrate that fibroblast activation is a self-propagated process producing a fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) and triggering drug resistance in mesothelioma cells. Following characterisation of mesothelioma cells/fibroblasts signalling crosstalk, we identify several FDA-approved targeted therapies as far more potent than standard-of-care Cisplatin/Pemetrexed in ECM-embedded co-culture spheroid models. In particular, the SRC family kinase inhibitor, Saracatinib, extends overall survival well beyond standard-of-care in a mesothelioma genetically-engineered mouse model. In short, we lay the foundation for the rational design of novel therapeutic strategies targeting mesothelioma/fibroblast communication for the treatment of mesothelioma patients.
Project description:Extracellular-regulated kinases (ERK1/2 and 5) are known to play important roles in growth and drug resistance of various cancers. Here we show roles of inhibition of ERK1, ERK2, or ERK5 on gene expression profiles of epithelioid malignant mesothelioma (MM) cells (HMESO). Untransfected human mesothelial cells (LP9), MM cells (HMESO) or HMESO cells stably transfected with shControl, shERK1, shERK2 , or shERK5 plasmids were used. Microarrays were performed on samples from 3 independent experiments. Each sample was analyzed on a separate array (3 independent biological replicates).
Project description:To investigate the differences between mesothelioma- organoid culture and 2D traditional culture, we established 7 mesothelioma lines and 3 normal mesothelial cells from model mouse. We then performed gene expression profiling analysis using data obtained from RNA-seq of 20 different cells.
Project description:transcriptional profiling of makignant mesothelioma cell lines comparing control one immortalized mesothelial cell line, MeT-5A, and 2 primary normal mesothelial cultures collected from ascites of non-cancer patients, OV-M1 and GAS-M1 Two-condition experiment, mesothleioma cells vs. normal mesothelial cells
Project description:Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is an aggressive cancer that originates from mesothelial cells lining the pleura. To identify the different cell types in mesothelioma and their relationships, we performed single-cell RNAseq analyses of non-malignant pleura biopsies, PM biopsies and PM patient-derived organoids. Gene expression profiles of mesothelial and mesothelioma cells are very similar, suggesting that mesothelioma cells retain most properties of mesothelial cells. Surprisingly, in PM patient-derived organoids mesothelioma cells can acquire a fibroblast-like gene expression profile. Indeed, in most of the original PM biopsies a fraction of cells within the cluster of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) appear derived from tumor cells, with which they share the same genomic rearrangements. We confirmed by immunohistochemistry, and thus at the protein level, that cancer-derived fibroblast-like cells (CDFs) express smooth muscle actin, as most CAFs do, but have lost the same tumor suppressor proteins as the cognate mesothelioma cells. We propose that mesothelioma cells can become CDFs because they retain the ability of mesothelial cells to differentiate into fibroblasts. CDFs are thus tumor cells with fibroblast-like gene expression associated to tumors, and fulfil the definition of CAFs. CAFs generally support tumor progression, and in most tumors derive from resident fibroblasts or circulating mesenchymal cells. Our finding that a subset of CAFs derive from tumor cells, at least in mesothelioma, challenges current understanding of CAF origin. We suggest that interfering with the mesothelioma-to-CAF transition might offer an avenue to moderate tumor progression and resistance to therapy.
Project description:The purpose of this study is to determine the safety of an extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1/2) inhibitor LY3214996 administered alone or in combination with other agents in participants with advanced cancer.
Project description:Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive tumour arising from the mesothelial cells lining the pleura, peritoneum or pericardium. The principal carcinogen associated with malignant mesothelioma is asbestos . A transgenic mouse model, denoted MexTAg, which encodes the Simian Virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen (TAg) downstream of the mesothelin promoter was developed. Inactivation of the tumour suppressors p53 and RB following binding to TAg results. In this model mesothelioma develops in the mesothelial cell compartment after the mice have been exposed to asbestos. The MexTAg transgenic mouse model of mesothelioma model enables analysis of the molecular events associated with asbestos induced mesothelioma and is utilised here to investigate the molecular dynamics of tumours induced in these mice, using gene expression patterns as a read out.