Kcnj2 regulates electrical activity-induced gene networks in embryonic mouse palate shelves.
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1295906 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Cleft palate interferes with eating, drinking, breathing, and speech, causing significant human suffering. Fetal exposure to many medications that target ion channels increases the incidence of cleft palate. Cleft palate could be prevented by understanding how ion channels contribute to palatal development. Ion channels regulate the electrical properties of cells. We discovered that the mouse embryonic palate mesenchymal cells are electrically active, like neurons. In neurons, electrical activity regulates transcription cell-autonomously and regulates the secretion of chemical cues. We discovered that electrical activity regulates secretion of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP4) from mouse palate mesenchymal cells. The next important step is to determine how electrical activity affects transcription to control palate development. Loss of a potassium channel called Kcnj2 (Kcnj2KO/KO) alters electrical activity in palate mesenchyme cells and causes cleft palate in mice. We compared single cell RNA sequencing datasets from Kcnj2KO/KO and wildtype E13.5 mouse anterior palate shelves to define how electrical activity affects gene expression cell autonomously and in surrounding cells. Our data reveal that Kcnj2KO/KO alters a network of calcium-induced transcription factors and downstream effectors. These data also reveal that loss of Kcnj2 affects gene expression outside of the cells that express Kcnj2 consistent with disruption of BMP signaling.
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Project description:Cleft palate is a common congenital anomaly with a live birth prevalence estimated to be 1:2500 live births, that results from failure of growth, elevation, adhesion and/or fusion of the palatal shelves during embryogenesis. Mutations in the gene encoding the transcription factor p63 result in cleft palate in humans and mice. To study the roles of P63 in periderm migration and medial edge epithelia in mice sub-mucous cleft palate, ÎNp63alpha was ectopically expressed in the palatal epithelia using a transgenic approach.
2017-06-12 | E-MTAB-5289 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cleft palate is a common disorder of development resulting from failure of growth, migration, elevation, and osteogenic fusion of embryonic cranial neural crest-derived palatal shelves. Despite progress in recent decades, the molecular pathways involved in this failure are not well understood. Here, we present a multimodal, spatiotemporal transcriptomic profiling of the developing palate through integrated, unbiased single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing and multiplexed in situ mRNA mapping of osteogenic cell lineages. We then show that loss of Pax9, a critical transcription factor orchestrator of Wnt signaling in palate development, results in increased expression of sclerostin (Sost), a known antagonist of Wnt signaling. Finally, we reveal that a single dose of sclerostin-neutralizing monoclonal antibody restores Wnt signaling and corrects cleft palate defects in utero in Pax9-/- mouse embryos.
2023-08-07 | GSE205448 | GEO
Project description:Cleft palate is a common disorder of development resulting from failure of growth, migration, elevation, and osteogenic fusion of embryonic cranial neural crest-derived palatal shelves. Despite progress in recent decades, the molecular pathways involved in this failure are not well understood. Here, we present a multimodal, spatiotemporal transcriptomic profiling of the developing palate through integrated, unbiased single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing and multiplexed in situ mRNA mapping of osteogenic cell lineages. We then show that loss of Pax9, a critical transcription factor orchestrator of Wnt signaling in palate development, results in increased expression of sclerostin (Sost), a known antagonist of Wnt signaling. Finally, we reveal that a single dose of sclerostin-neutralizing monoclonal antibody restores Wnt signaling and corrects cleft palate defects in utero in Pax9-/- mouse embryos.
2023-08-07 | GSE205446 | GEO
Project description:Cleft palate results from a mixture of genetic and environmental factors and occurs when the bilateral palatal shelves fail to fuse. The objective of this study was to search for new genes involved in mouse palate formation. Gene expression of murine embryonic palatal tissue was analyzed at the various developmental stages before, during, and after palate fusion using GeneChip? microarrays. Ceacam1 was one of the highly up-regulated genes during and after fusion in palate formation, and this was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. Immunohistochemical staining showed that CEACAM1 was expressed at a very low level in palatal epithelium before fusion, but highly expressed in the midline of the palate during and after fusion. To investigate the developmental role of CEACAM1, function-blocking antibody was added to embryonic mouse palate in organ culture. Palatal fusion was inhibited by this function-blocking antibody. To investigate the subsequent developmental role of CEACAM1, we characterized Ceacam1-deficient (Ceacam1-/-) mice. Epithelial cells persisted abnormally at the midline of the embryonic palate even on day E16.0, and palatal fusion was delayed in Ceacam1-/- mice. TGF?3 expression, apoptosis, and cell proliferation in palatal epithelium were not effected in the palate of Ceacam1-/-mice. CEACAM1 expression was down-regulated in Tgfb3-/- palate. However, exogenous TGF?3 did not induce CEACAM1 expression. These results suggest that CEACAM1 has roles in both the initiation of palate formation via epithelial cell adhesion and TGF signaling has some indirect effect on CEACAM1. Global gene expression profiling of palatal processes before, during and after fusion of palatal shelves We used microarray to investigate the gene expression of palatal tissue during palatal development. Palatal processes were microdissected at the stages of palatal development (before, during and after fusion) for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays.
2013-01-23 | E-GEOD-43651 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cleft palate results from a mixture of genetic and environmental factors and occurs when the bilateral palatal shelves fail to fuse. The objective of this study was to search for new genes involved in mouse palate formation. Gene expression of murine embryonic palatal tissue was analyzed at the various developmental stages before, during, and after palate fusion using GeneChip? microarrays. Ceacam1 was one of the highly up-regulated genes during and after fusion in palate formation, and this was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. Immunohistochemical staining showed that CEACAM1 was expressed at a very low level in palatal epithelium before fusion, but highly expressed in the midline of the palate during and after fusion. To investigate the developmental role of CEACAM1, function-blocking antibody was added to embryonic mouse palate in organ culture. Palatal fusion was inhibited by this function-blocking antibody. To investigate the subsequent developmental role of CEACAM1, we characterized Ceacam1-deficient (Ceacam1-/-) mice. Epithelial cells persisted abnormally at the midline of the embryonic palate even on day E16.0, and palatal fusion was delayed in Ceacam1-/- mice. TGF?3 expression, apoptosis, and cell proliferation in palatal epithelium were not effected in the palate of Ceacam1-/-mice. CEACAM1 expression was down-regulated in Tgfb3-/- palate. However, exogenous TGF?3 did not induce CEACAM1 expression. These results suggest that CEACAM1 has roles in both the initiation of palate formation via epithelial cell adhesion and TGF signaling has some indirect effect on CEACAM1. Global gene expression profiling of palatal processes before, during and after fusion of palatal shelves We used microarray to investigate the gene expression of palatal tissue during palatal development.
2013-01-23 | GSE43651 | GEO
Project description:The involvement of skeletal muscle in the process of palatal development in mammals is an example of Waddingtonian epigenetics. Our earlier study showed that the cleft palate develops in the complete absence of skeletal musculature during embryonic development in mice. This contrasts with previous beliefs that tongue obstruction prevents the elevation and fusion of the palatal shelves. We argue that the complete absence of mechanical stimuli from the adjacent muscle, i.e., the lack of both static and dynamic loading, results in disordered palatogenesis. We further suggest that proper fusion of the palatal shelves depends not only on mechanical but also on paracrine contributions from the muscle. The muscle's paracrine role in the process of palatal fusion is achieved through its being a source of certain secreted and/or circulatory proteins. A cDNA microarray analysis revealed differentially expressed genes in the cleft palate of amyogenic mouse fetuses and suggested candidate molecules with a novel function in palatogenesis (e.g., Tgfbr2, Bmp7, Trim71, E2f5, Ddx5, Gfap, Sema3f). In particular, we report on Gdf11 mutant mouse that has cleft palate, and on several genes whose distribution is normally restricted to the muscle (completely absent in our amyogenic mouse model), but which are found down-regulated in amyogenic mouse cleft palate. These molecules probably present a subset of paracrine cues that influence palatogenesis from the adjacent muscle. Future studies will elucidate the role of these genes in muscle-palate crosstalk, connecting the cues produced by the muscle with the cartilage and bone tissue's responses to these cues, through various degrees of cell proliferation, death, differentiation and tissue fusion.
2018-01-30 | GSE109780 | GEO
Project description:Background: The FACEBASE consortium was established in part to create a central resource for craniofacial researchers. One purpose is to provide a molecular anatomy of craniofacial development. To this end we have used a combination of laser capture microdissection and RNA-Seq to define the gene expression programs driving development of the murine palate. Results: We focused on the E14.5 palate, soon after medial fusion of the two palatal shelves. The palate was divided into multiple compartments, including medial and lateral, as well as oral and nasal, for both the anterior and posterior domains. A total of 25 RNA-Seq datasets were generated. The results provide a comprehensive view of the region specific expression of all transcription factors, growth factors and receptors. Paracrine interactions can be inferred from flanking compartment growth factor/receptor expression patterns. The results are validated primarily through very high concordance with extensive previously published gene expression data for the developing palate. In addition selected immunostain validations were carried out. Conclusions: This report provides an RNA-Seq based atlas of gene expression patterns driving palate development at microanatomic resolution. This FACEBASE resource is designed to fuel discovery by the craniofacial research community. Laser capture microdissection and RNA-seq were used to generate gene expression profiles of different compartments of the mouse E14.5 developing palate
2015-04-03 | E-GEOD-67525 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: The FACEBASE consortium was established in part to create a central resource for craniofacial researchers. One purpose is to provide a molecular anatomy of craniofacial development. To this end we have used a combination of laser capture microdissection and RNA-Seq to define the gene expression programs driving development of the murine palate. Results: We focused on the E14.5 palate, soon after medial fusion of the two palatal shelves. The palate was divided into multiple compartments, including medial and lateral, as well as oral and nasal, for both the anterior and posterior domains. A total of 25 RNA-Seq datasets were generated. The results provide a comprehensive view of the region specific expression of all transcription factors, growth factors and receptors. Paracrine interactions can be inferred from flanking compartment growth factor/receptor expression patterns. The results are validated primarily through very high concordance with extensive previously published gene expression data for the developing palate. In addition selected immunostain validations were carried out. Conclusions: This report provides an RNA-Seq based atlas of gene expression patterns driving palate development at microanatomic resolution. This FACEBASE resource is designed to fuel discovery by the craniofacial research community.
2015-04-03 | GSE67525 | GEO
Project description:In this study, we have investigated the molecular basis of Shh signalling during development of the secondary palate and how CNCC patterning and fate is influenced by the Shh signalling network. Using a gain-of-function mouse model to activate Smoothened (R26SmoM2) signalling in the palatal mesenchyme (Osr2-IresCre), we demonstrate ectopic Hh-Smo signalling results in fully penetrant cleft palate, disrupted oral-nasal patterning and defective palatine bone formation. We show that a series of Fox transcription factors, including the novel direct target Foxl1, function downstream of Hh signalling in the secondary palate. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Wnt/BMP antagonists, in particular Sostdc1, are positively regulated by Hh signalling, concomitant with down-regulation of key regulators of osteogenesis and BMP signalling effectors. Microarray analysis was performed on excised palatal shelves from Osr2-IresCre+/- (wild-type) and Osr2-IresCre;Smo+/M2 (mutant) embryos at embryonic day (E)13.5. Osr2-IresCre (PMID:17941042) and R26SmoM2 (PMID:15107405) mice have been described previously.
2018-10-02 | E-MTAB-5518 | biostudies-arrayexpress