Project description:White muscle samples from juvenile Pacific halibut were analyzed in discovery-driven proteomics to investigate the effects of temperature-induced growth manipulations and to identify protein markers of somatic growth. Juvenile Pacific halibut were either acclimated to 2C (low temperature) and 9C (control temperature) to elicit growth suppression and also initially acclimated to 2C and subsequently transferred to 9C to elicit growth compensation. This project was led by Josep Planas at the International Pacific Halibut Commission.
Project description:Background: In coeliac disease (CoD), the role of B cells has mainly been considered to be production of antibodies. The functional role of B cells has not been analysed extensively in CoD. Methods: We conducted a study to characterize gene expression in B cells from children developing CoD early in life using samples collected before and at the diagnosis of the disease. Blood samples were collected from children at risk at 12, 18, 24 and 36 months of age. RNA from peripheral blood CD19+ cells was sequenced and differential gene expression was analysed using R package Limma. Findings: Overall, we found one gene, HNRNPL, modestly downregulated in all patients (logFC -0·7; q=0·09), and several others downregulated in those diagnosed with CoD already by the age of 2 years. Interpretation: The data highlight the role of B-cells in CoD development. The role of HNRPL in suppressing enteroviral replication suggests that the predisposing factor for both CoD and enteroviral infections is the low level of HNRNPL expression.
Project description:This experiment was designed to investigate the impacts of non-lethal increases in temperature on the anti-viral transcriptomic response of Atlantic cod. Selected genes identified as differentially expressed between samples injected with pIC but held at different temperatures were validated using QPCR.
Project description:High temperature can induce masculinization in many fish species including zebrafish (Ospina-Alvarez & Piferrer PLoS One 3:e2837). Juvenile zebrafish exposed to high temperature during gonad differentiation period will result in male bias adult sex ratio. This experiment compared the zebrafish gonadal transcriptome between fishes that were exposed to high (36 oC) and control (28 oC) temperatures. Gene expression analysis using microarray were performed at juvenile (37 dpf) and adult (90 dpf) stages.
Project description:Rooting capability is one of the economically traits lost during the juvenile to mature phase change in woody plants. A comprehensive microarray analysis was performed to compare the profiles of gene expression in juvenile and mature cuttings from E. grandis, either auxin treated or untreated on days, 0, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 post excision. At the end of the experiment, root primordia were observed only in auxin treated juvenile cuttings. Clustering the expression profiles revealed that the time after excision contributed to expression differences more than the age or auxin. Maximum differences contributed by the age and auxin occurred on day 6 which correlated with the kinetics of root primordia formation. These included genes related to the microtubules (MTs) system. Therefore, expression of 42 transcripts annotated as tubulin or MTs associated proteins (MAPs) was validated in the same RNA samples. The results suggest developmental and auxin regulation of MTs. To determine the relevance to adventitious root (AR) formation, subtle perturbations to MTs were performed with trifluralin during induction. While juvenile cuttings were not affected, improved rooting was obtained in mature cuttings. Taken together it suggests that specific MTs remodeling is required for AR formation in E. grandis.
Project description:Lipid metabolism is essential in maintaining energy homeostasis in multicellular organisms. In vertebrates, a group of nuclear receptor transcription factors named peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs, NR1C) regulate the expression of many genes involved in these processes. We have recently cloned the four Ppars in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), including Ppara1 and Ppara2, Pparb/d, and Pparg, and studied their tissue specific transcription and ligand activation characteristics. However, the downstream regulative role of Ppars in cod lipid metabolism is not well understood or described. In this study, activation of Atlantic cod Ppar by the fibrate drug WY-14,643 (pirinixic acid) and the performance enhancing drug GW501516 (Cardarine) were first studied using ligand-binding luciferase reporter assays in vitro. Based on the agonist activities found in vitro, juvenile Atlantic cod was injected twice over four days with WY-14,643 and GW501516 in vivo, and sampled seven days after the last injection. Using multiple omics methods, including RNA sequencing, quantitative proteomics, and lipidomics, liver and plasma samples from male cod were analyzed. The resulting multi-omics dataset provides novel insights into the systemic regulation of lipid metabolism in Atlantic cod.
Project description:The objective of this study is to map early time-response in of estrogen regulated genes using precision cut liver slices (PCLS). PCLS from juvenile male cod were exposed to ethynylestradiol (EE2) in culture for 12, 24 and 48 h and the transcriptome responses were studied using RNA-seq
Project description:Rooting capability is one of the economically traits lost during the juvenile to mature phase change in woody plants. A comprehensive microarray analysis was performed to compare the profiles of gene expression in juvenile and mature cuttings from E. grandis, either auxin treated or untreated on days, 0, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 post excision. At the end of the experiment, root primordia were observed only in auxin treated juvenile cuttings. Clustering the expression profiles revealed that the time after excision contributed to expression differences more than the age or auxin. Maximum differences contributed by the age and auxin occurred on day 6 which correlated with the kinetics of root primordia formation. These included genes related to the microtubules (MTs) system. Therefore, expression of 42 transcripts annotated as tubulin or MTs associated proteins (MAPs) was validated in the same RNA samples. The results suggest developmental and auxin regulation of MTs. To determine the relevance to adventitious root (AR) formation, subtle perturbations to MTs were performed with trifluralin during induction. While juvenile cuttings were not affected, improved rooting was obtained in mature cuttings. Taken together it suggests that specific MTs remodeling is required for AR formation in E. grandis. mRNA samlpes from mature and juvenile Eucalyptus sections immediately after cutting served as contorls. The rest of the samples were mature and juvenile sections, treated of not treated with Auxin, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days after the prunning. At each time point, a loop design was performed consisting of a juvenile untreated vs. mature untreated array, a matrue untreated vs. mature auxin treated array, a matrue auxin treated vs. juvenile auxin treated array, and a juvenile auxin treated vs. juvenile untreated array. additional arrays connected between these loops, and between them and the time 0 controls. Most conditions had 3 replicates, but mature-untreated-day1 had 4 replicates, and three conditions had 2 replicates each: Juvenile-auxin-treated-day1, juvenile-untreated-day6, and mature-auxin-treated-day9.
Project description:In order to investigate the underlying mechanisms of methylmecury (MeHg)-mediated toxicity to Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), we analyzed the liver proteome of fish exposed in vivo to MeHg (0, 0.5, 2 mg/kg body weight) for 2 weeks. Label-free quantitative mass spectrometry enabled quantification of 1143 proteins, and 125 were differentially regulated between MeHg-treated samples and controls. Six proteins among the top differentially regulated (T23O, GLNA EPS8L2, APOA4, RAP1B, CZTZ) were analyzed using selected reaction monitoring (SRM). Supported by bioinformatics analyses, we conclude that MeHg disrupts mainly redox homeostasis and energy generating metabolic pathways in cod liver, the latter potentially modulated through MeHg-induced oxidative stress.
Project description:Methylmercury (MeHg) is a highly toxic environmental pollutant. To understand the mechanisms of toxicity of the compound and possibly to discover new biomarkers for environmental monitoring, we have conducted toxicogenomics studies. We designed 126k-cod-oligonucleotide arrays and performed genome-wide gene expression assays in liver samples from juvenile cod treated with MeHg (0.5 and 2 mg/kg body weight). Microarray analysis showed MeHg differentially regulated hundreds of genes. Gene Ontology and pathway analyses of differentially regulated genes revealed that MeHg modulated mainly genes involved in immune response, oxidative stress response, tissue remodelling, and energy pathways such as lipid, carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. The results provide insights into the mechanisms of toxicity of MeHg and provide candidate biomarkers of exposure to MeHg for further evaluation.