Characterizing and controlling CRISPR repair outcomes in nondividing human cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1299347 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Genome editing is poised to revolutionize treatment of genetic diseases, but poor understanding and control of DNA repair outcomes hinders its therapeutic potential. DNA repair is especially understudied in nondividing cells like neurons, limiting the efficiency and precision of genome editing in many clinically relevant tissues. To address this, we used induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-derived neurons to examine how postmitotic human neurons repair Cas9-induced DNA damage. We showed that CRISPR editing outcomes differ dramatically in neurons compared to genetically identical dividing cells. Neurons also took far longer to fully resolve this damage, and upregulated non-canonical DNA repair factors in the process. Manipulating this response with chemical or genetic perturbations allowed us to direct DNA repair toward desired editing outcomes: in nondividing human neurons, cardiomyocytes, and primary T cells. By studying DNA repair in clinically relevant cells, we uncovered unforeseen challenges and opportunities for precise therapeutic editing.
2025-08-31 | GSE304183 | GEO
Project description:Cells were transduced with a genome-wide CRISPR knockout library to introduce gene disruptions across the genome. After Cas9-induced DNA double-strand breaks, repair outcomes were captured and quantified using high-throughput sequencing. This experiment aims to identify genetic factors influencing specific DNA repair outcome patterns such as 1-bp insertions, microhomology-mediated deletions, and large insertions.
2025-11-20 | E-MTAB-15874 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Neuronal DNA repair reveals strategies to influence CRISPR editing outcomes
| PRJNA1138784 | ENA
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC12623481 | biostudies-literature
Project description:CRISPR/Cas9 has revolutionized genome editing with broad therapeutic applications, yet its repair patterns in vivo remain poorly understood. Here, we systematically profile CRISPR/Cas9 editing outcomes at 95 loci using our established CRISPR/Cas9/AAV9-sgRNA system in skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs). Through comprehensive characterization of the repair outcomes, our findings demonstrate that the general rules governing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing in vivo largely align with those observed in vitro. Additional to the anticipated small editing indels such as MMEJ mediated deletions and NHEJ mediated templated insertions, we uncover a prevalent occurrence of large on-target modifications, including large deletions (LDs) characterized by microhomology (MH) and large insertions (LIs). Notably, the LIs comprise not only exogenous AAV vector integrations but also endogenous genomic DNA fragments (Endo-LIs). Endo-LIs preferentially originate from active genomic regions, with their integration shaped by three-dimensional chromatin architecture. By disrupting key components of the NHEJ and MMEJ repair pathways in vivo, we identify their distinct roles in regulating the large on-target modifications. Together, our work systematically profiles the CRISPR/Cas9 repair outcomes in vivo and offers valuable guidance for improving the safety of CRISPR/Cas9-based gene therapies.
2026-04-23 | GSE303540 | GEO
Project description:CRISPR/Cas9 has revolutionized genome editing with broad therapeutic applications, yet its repair patterns in vivo remain poorly understood. Here, we systematically profile CRISPR/Cas9 editing outcomes at 95 loci using our established CRISPR/Cas9/AAV9-sgRNA system in skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs). Through comprehensive characterization of the repair outcomes, our findings demonstrate that the general rules governing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing in vivo largely align with those observed in vitro. Additional to the anticipated small editing indels such as MMEJ mediated deletions and NHEJ mediated templated insertions, we uncover a prevalent occurrence of large on-target modifications, including large deletions (LDs) characterized by microhomology (MH) and large insertions (LIs). Notably, the LIs comprise not only exogenous AAV vector integrations but also endogenous genomic DNA fragments (Endo-LIs). Endo-LIs preferentially originate from active genomic regions, with their integration shaped by three-dimensional chromatin architecture. By disrupting key components of the NHEJ and MMEJ repair pathways in vivo, we identify their distinct roles in regulating the large on-target modifications. Together, our work systematically profiles the CRISPR/Cas9 repair outcomes in vivo and offers valuable guidance for improving the safety of CRISPR/Cas9-based gene therapies.
2026-04-23 | GSE327391 | GEO
Project description:CRISPR/Cas9 has revolutionized genome editing with broad therapeutic applications, yet its repair patterns in vivo remain poorly understood. Here, we systematically profile CRISPR/Cas9 editing outcomes at 95 loci using our established CRISPR/Cas9/AAV9-sgRNA system in skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs). Through comprehensive characterization of the repair outcomes, our findings demonstrate that the general rules governing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing in vivo largely align with those observed in vitro. Additional to the anticipated small editing indels such as MMEJ mediated deletions and NHEJ mediated templated insertions, we uncover a prevalent occurrence of large on-target modifications, including large deletions (LDs) characterized by microhomology (MH) and large insertions (LIs). Notably, the LIs comprise not only exogenous AAV vector integrations but also endogenous genomic DNA fragments (Endo-LIs). Endo-LIs preferentially originate from active genomic regions, with their integration shaped by three-dimensional chromatin architecture. By disrupting key components of the NHEJ and MMEJ repair pathways in vivo, we identify their distinct roles in regulating the large on-target modifications. Together, our work systematically profiles the CRISPR/Cas9 repair outcomes in vivo and offers valuable guidance for improving the safety of CRISPR/Cas9-based gene therapies.
2026-04-23 | GSE327392 | GEO
Project description:Genome editing is poised to revolutionize treatment of genetic diseases, but poor understanding and control of DNA repair outcomes hinders its therapeutic potential. DNA repair is especially understudied in nondividing cells like neurons, which must withstand decades of DNA damage without replicating. This lack of knowledge limits the efficiency and precision of genome editing in clinically relevant cells. To address this, we used induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-derived neurons to examine how postmitotic human neurons repair Cas9-induced DNA damage. We discovered that neurons can take weeks to fully resolve this damage, compared to just days in isogenic iPSCs. Furthermore, Cas9-treated neurons upregulated unexpected DNA repair genes, including factors canonically associated with replication. Manipulating this response with chemical or genetic perturbations allowed us to direct neuronal repair toward desired editing outcomes. By studying DNA repair in postmitotic human cells, we uncovered unforeseen challenges and opportunities for precise therapeutic editing.
2024-07-30 | GSE272812 | GEO
Project description:Non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) plays an important role in double-strand break (DSB) repair of DNA. Recent studies have shown that the error patterns of NHEJ are strongly biased by sequence context, but these studies were based on relatively few templates. To investigate this more thoroughly, we systematically profiled ~1.16 million independent mutational events resulting from CRISPR/Cas9-mediated cleavage and NHEJ-mediated DSB repair of 6,872 synthetic target sequences, introduced into a human cell line via lentiviral infection. We find that: 1) insertions are dominated by 1 bp events templated by sequence immediately upstream of the cleavage site, 2) deletions are predominantly associated with microhomology, and 3) targets exhibit variable but reproducible diversity with respect to the number and relative frequency of the mutational outcomes to which they give rise. From these data, we trained a model (Lindel) that uses local sequence context to predict the distribution of mutational outcomes. Exploiting the bias of NHEJ outcomes towards microhomology mediated events, we demonstrate the programming of deletion patterns by introducing microhomology to specific locations in the vicinity of the DSB site. We anticipate that our results will inform investigations of DSB repair mechanisms as well as the design of CRISPR/Cas9 experiments for diverse applications including genome-wide screens, gene therapy, lineage tracing and molecular recording.
2019-06-07 | GSE131421 | GEO
Project description:Genome-wide CRISPR knockout library screening coupled with high-throughput sequencing to analyze DNA repair outcomes
| PRJEB102101 | ENA