Project description:Analysis of the effects of sleep deprivation, recovery sleep, and three time-of-day controls on seven brain regions laser microdissected from mouse brain. The regions include the locus coeruleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, hypocretin area, tuberomammillary nucleus, orbital cortex, posteromedial cortical amygdala, and entorhinal cortex. In this study, 7 brain regions were collected by laser microdissection from brain tissue of mice from 5 different treatment groups and used for microarray experiments. Four biological replicates were generated for each regionxcondition. Conditions are: SD, sleep deprivation for 6 hours from ZT0 - 6; SDC, time-of-day control for SD at ZT6; RS, recovery sleep for 4 hours following SD; RSC, time-of-day control for RS at ZT10; W, spontaneous waking at ZT18.
Project description:Analysis of the effects of sleep deprivation, recovery sleep, and three time-of-day controls on seven brain regions laser microdissected from mouse brain. The regions include the locus coeruleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, hypocretin area, tuberomammillary nucleus, orbital cortex, posteromedial cortical amygdala, and entorhinal cortex.
2010-08-17 | GSE23628 | GEO
Project description:Sleep deprivation transcriptome of mouse brain regions
Project description:Sleep need accumulates during waking and dissipates during sleep to maintain sleep homeostasis (process S). Besides regulation of daily sleep amount, a hallmark of process S is the homeostatic sleep regulation: sleep loss causes increased amount and intensity of subsequent recovery sleep. The central regulators of process S and specific brain regions that govern sleep homeostasis in mammals remain unclear. Here, we report that enhanced calcineurin activity in the mouse brain neurons sharply increases non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) to average ~17-h/day. Knockout of calcineurin in adult mouse brain diminishes baseline NREMS to average ~4-h/day, but also abolishes recovery NREMS owing to inability to accumulate sleep need during wakefulness. Calcineurin promotes baseline NREMS in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons and by antagonizing PKA and activating SIK3 via S551 dephosphorylation. Moreover, calcineurin is specifically required in the locus coeruleus-noradrenergic (LCNA) neurons for the transcriptomic and homeostatic responses to sleep loss. While chemo-/optogenetic activation of LCNA neurons increases the amount and intensity of NREMS, ablation and inhibition of LCNA neurons diminish recovery NREMS following sleep deprivation. These results establish calcineurin as a central regulator of process S and identify LC as a potential sleep need center that governs NREMS homeostasis in mice.
Project description:Sleep loss regulates gene expression throughout the brain and impacts learning and memory. However, the molecular consequences of sleep deprivation and the ability of subsequent sleep (recovery sleep) to restore baseline gene expression remain underexplored. Our goal here is to overview transcriptional changes at the gene level in the cortex of adult male wildtype mice in response to sleep loss and recovery sleep. This dataset constitutes an integration of novel data with two publicly available RNA-seq studies and contains 3, 5, and 6 hours of sleep deprivation and 2 and 6 hours of recovery sleep time points.
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series:; GSE9441: The effect of sleep deprivation on gene expression in the brain and the liver of three inbred mouse strains; GSE9442: Molecular correlates of sleep deprivation in the brain of three inbred mouse strains in an around-the-clock experiment; GSE9443: Gene expression in brain Homer1a-expressing cells after sleep deprivation Experiment Overall Design: Refer to individual Series
Project description:The molecular mechanisms governing sleep are largely unknown. Here, we used a combination of single-cell RNA sequencing to interrogate the molecular and functional underpinnings of sleep. Different cell types in three important brain regions for sleep (brainstem, cortex and hypothalamus) had a similar transcriptional response to sleep need, with a large proportion of cells changing during recovery sleep. In contrast, sleep deprivation regulated expression of different functions in each brain region. This includes antigen processing, synaptic transmission and cellular metabolism in brainstem, cortex and hypothalamus, respectively. Increased sleep need enhances expression of the transcription factors Sox2, Mafb, and Zic1 in brainstem; Hlf, Cebpb and Sox9 in cortex, and Atf3, Fosb and Mef2c in hypothalamus. In turn, these transcription factors regulate downstream gene expression during sleep deprivation and recovery. In cortex, we also interrogated the proteome of two major cell types: neurons and astrocytes. We found surprising functional overlap of proteins that mediate vesicle and neurotransmitter transport in both cell types. In contrast, other functions were specific to each cell type.
Project description:To gain insight into the molecular changes of sleep need, this study addresses gene expression changes in a subpopulation of neurons selectively activated by sleep deprivation. Whole brain expression analyses after 6h sleep deprivation clearly indicate that Homer1a is the best index of sleep need, consistently in all mouse strains analyzed. Transgenic mice expressing a FLAG-tagged poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) under the control of Homer1a promoter were generated. Because PABP binds the poly(A) tails of mRNA, affinity purification of FLAG-tagged PABP proteins from whole brain lysates, is expected to co-precipitate all mRNAs from neurons expressing Homer1a. Three other activity-induced genes (Ptgs2, Jph3, and Nptx2) were identified by this technique to be over-expressed after sleep loss. All four genes play a role in recovery from glutamate-induced neuronal hyperactivity. The consistent activation of Homer1a suggests a role for sleep in intracellular calcium homeostasis for protecting and recovering from the neuronal activation imposed by wakefulness. Keywords: sleep deprivation, neuronal subpopulation transcriptome
Project description:Why we sleep is still one of the most perplexing mysteries in biology. Strong evidence, however, indicates that sleep is necessary for normal brain function and that the need to sleep is a tightly regulated process. Surprisingly molecular mechanisms that determine the need to sleep are incompletely described. Moreover, very little is known about transcriptional changes that specifically accompany the accumulation and discharge of sleep need. In this study we present an integrated 2 cross-laboratory analysis of the effects of sleep deprivation (SD) in gene expression in the mouse cortex. We also evaluate changes in gene expression genome-wide following various lengths of subsequent recovery sleep. (RS). We demonstrate that changes in gene expression specifically linked to SD or RS, and not to technical factors (e.g. the assay used), requires a novel analysis methodology not previously utilized in the field of sleep research. Cortical samples from mice were analyzed, from groups that were sleep deprived, sleep deprived and allowed to recover for 1, 2, 3, or 6 hours, and circadian control animals that were not sleep deprived. The experimental protocol began at lights on (ZT0) with 13 mice: 1 sacrificed, 4 control mice left undisturbed, and 8 mice kept awake with gentle brushing when attempting to sleep. After 5 hours of sleep deprivation the mice were randomly assigned to recovery sleep or continued sleep deprivation, and at fixed intervals the mice were sacrificed, dissected and the left cortex retained. The experimental protocol was repeated 7 times, one animal per timepoint per experimental day, so that 7 independent experiments are represented for each timepoint. All animals were acclimated to the brushing and tapping on cages used during sleep deprivationfor 6 days, and dissections and tissue collection were performed by a single experimenter.
Project description:Examination of the effects of increasing durations of sleep deprivation. RNA is collected from two brain regions: cortex and hypothalamus.