Project description:Erythrocytes represent the most abundant cell type of the bloodstream in all vertebrates. The principal feature that differenciates erythrocytes of non-mammals is that unlike mammals they mantain the nucleus in their terminal differentiation. While the main function associated to erythrocytes is the oxygen and carbon dioxide transport, some other functions, no less important, have been attributed to these cells. The focus of this study was to investigate the response of cultured chicken erythrocytes to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), bacterial peptidoglycan (PGN) and to the analog viral dsRNA Poly(I:C) using a comercial microarray platform from Agilent. Chicken erythrocytes were isolated from blood by twice Ficoll 1.007 density gradient centrifugations. For primary cell culture, erythrocytes were resuspended in DMEM (PAA Laboratories) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS, PAA Laboratories) and the antibiotic Primocin (100 μg/ml, Invivogen) at a density of 7.5x106 cells/ml in six well cell culture plates (NUNC) and cultured at 37ºC and 5% CO2. Erythrocytes were stimulated with LPS from E. coli (serotype 0111:B4, Sigma) and Poly(I:C) (Invivogen) at 50 μg/ml, and with peptidoglycan from E.coli (0111:B4, Invivogen) at 5 μg/ml. All culture plates were incubated for 12h. Total RNA was extracted from the cultures using 1 ml of Tri Reagent (Sigma) following the manufacturer’s instructions with minor modifications. Quantity and integrity was analyzed by Nanodrop1000 (ThermoScientific) and Bioanalyzer 2100 (Agilent Technologies) respectively. Three biological replicates were used.
Project description:Erythrocytes represent the most abundant cell type of the bloodstream in all vertebrates. The principal feature that differenciates erythrocytes of non-mammals is that unlike mammals they mantain the nucleus in their terminal differentiation. While the main function associated to erythrocytes is the oxygen and carbon dioxide transport, some other functions, no less important, have been attributed to these cells. The focus of this study was to investigate the response of cultured chicken erythrocytes to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), bacterial peptidoglycan (PGN) and to the analog viral dsRNA Poly(I:C) using a comercial microarray platform from Agilent.
Project description:This study describes the development and validation of the Aquagenomic Sparus aurata oligonucleotide-microarray (SAQ) based on the Agilent Technology system (eArray) to provide a platform for studies on the gene expression of gilthead seabream. The platform developed used all available public ESTs stored and annotated in the Aquagenomic Consortium seabream library (10K). In fish, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) gives a robust cytokine response that is stimulated by crude LPS preparations, some component of the LPS complex are responsible for this stimulation. Peptidoglycan (PGN) is a component of G-negative bacteria (found as a contaminant of crude LPS preparations) able to be recognized by macrophages inducing depth transcriptional modulations and a strong inflammatory response. For microarray analysis, head kidney macrophage cultures were used (N = 36 fish). Each cell culture was stimulated with equal concentrations of PGN and LPS from E. coli O111:B4 strain (10 ug/mL): non-stimulated cell cultures (control n = 9 fish), stimulated during 6 h with LPS (n = 9), and stimulated during 1 h (n = 9), and 6 h (n = 9) with PGN. A loop microarray design approach was used for the study. All experimental RNA samples were labelled with a single colour dye (Cy3) and each stimulated sample was compared to the control sample (pool without stimulation) labelled with the same dye (Cy3). Our microarray analyses identified differential transcriptional modulations in macrophages stimulated with both LPS and PGN at the level of differentially activated RNA transcripts related with the regulation of transcriptional program, prostaglandin synthesis or highlighting the expression of responsive gene-cassettes tightly related to LPS-PGN host recognition.
Project description:This study describes the development and validation of the Aquagenomic Sparus aurata oligonucleotide-microarray (SAQ) based on the Agilent Technology system (eArray) to provide a platform for studies on the gene expression of gilthead seabream. The platform developed used all available public ESTs stored and annotated in the Aquagenomic Consortium seabream library (10K). In fish, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) gives a robust cytokine response that is stimulated by crude LPS preparations, some component of the LPS complex are responsible for this stimulation. Peptidoglycan (PGN) is a component of G-negative bacteria (found as a contaminant of crude LPS preparations) able to be recognized by macrophages inducing depth transcriptional modulations and a strong inflammatory response. For microarray analysis, head kidney macrophage cultures were used (N = 36 fish). Each cell culture was stimulated with equal concentrations of PGN and LPS from E. coli O111:B4 strain (10 ug/mL): non-stimulated cell cultures (control n = 9 fish), stimulated during 6 h with LPS (n = 9), and stimulated during 1 h (n = 9), and 6 h (n = 9) with PGN. A loop microarray design approach was used for the study. All experimental RNA samples were labelled with a single colour dye (Cy3) and each stimulated sample was compared to the control sample (pool without stimulation) labelled with the same dye (Cy3). Our microarray analyses identified differential transcriptional modulations in macrophages stimulated with both LPS and PGN at the level of differentially activated RNA transcripts related with the regulation of transcriptional program, prostaglandin synthesis or highlighting the expression of responsive gene-cassettes tightly related to LPS-PGN host recognition. A total of 43,398 oligonucleotide probes were used to construct a high-density seabream microarray based on the Agilent 4 × 44 K design format. Microarray hybridization validation was made by analyzing the gene expression profiles in primary cultures of seabream macrophages (MC). 7,285 transcripts with annotated sequences were spotted in triplicate onto the slide (total probes 21,855), as well as 8,377 ESTs without annotation, 183 enriched sequences (gene bank) with 15 replicated probes (total probes 2,745), and finally 1,417 internal control probes of Agilent (N = 43,398).
Project description:The focus of this study was to investigate the response of cultured rainbow trout erythrocytes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to the analog viral dsRNA Poly(I:C) using a salmonid-specific microarray platform enriched with immune-related genes. Although the transcriptomic response measured as the total number of differentially expressed genes was higher in LPS, the intensity response, in terms of genes with a FC>2, was greater in Poly(I:C) treated cells. These two treatments shared the regulation of some genes, but not alls followed the same pattern. Over representation of Gene Ontology functional categories showed us that Poly(I:C) treatment produced a immune response whereas LPS stimulation affect biological processes specially. Trout erythrocytes were isolated from blood by twice Ficoll 1.007 density gradient centrifugations. For primary cell culture, erythrocytes were resuspended in DMEM (PAA Laboratories) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS, PAA Laboratories) and the antibiotic Primocin (100 μg/ml, Invivogen) at a density of 7.5x106 cells/ml in six well cell culture plates (NUNC) and cultured at 18 ºC and 5% CO2. Erythrocytes were stimulated with LPS from E. coli (serotype 026:B6, Sigma) and Poly(I:C) (Invivogen) at 50 μg/ml, each treatment had their own control plate. All culture plates were incubated for 24h. Total RNA was extracted from the cultures using 1 ml of Tri Reagent (Sigma) following the manufacturer’s instructions with minor modifications. Quantity and integrity was analyzed by Experion RNA StdSens Analysis Kit (Bio-Rad). The design of the microarray posses 1818 genes printed in six replicates each, including random clones from common and subtracted cDNA libraries which were compared with known vertebrate proteins using blastx. The platform was enriched in immune-related genes.
Project description:We evaluated both the transcriptomic and inflammatory response in trout (O. mykiss) macrophages in primary cell culture stimulated with DAP-PGN (DAP; meso-diaminopimelic acid, PGN; peptidoglycan) from two strains of Escherichia coli (PGN-K12 and PGN-O111:B4) over time. Transcript profiling was assessed using function-targeted cDNA microarrays hibridation (n = 36) to differential responses to both PGNs that are both time and treatment dependen over trout macrophages. Wild type E. coli (K12) generated an increase in transcript number/diversity over time whereas PGN-O111:B4 stimulation resulted in a more specific and intense response. In line with this gene Ontology analysis (GO) highlights a specific transcriptomic remodelling for PGN-O111:B4 whereas results obtained for PGN-K12 shows a high similarity with a general LPS response where multiple functional classes are related to ribosome biogenesis or cellular metabolism
Project description:We evaluated both the transcriptomic and inflammatory response in trout (O. mykiss) macrophages in primary cell culture stimulated with DAP-PGN (DAP; meso-diaminopimelic acid, PGN; peptidoglycan) from two strains of Escherichia coli (PGN-K12 and PGN-O111:B4) over time. Transcript profiling was assessed using function-targeted cDNA microarrays hibridation (n = 36) to differential responses to both PGNs that are both time and treatment dependen over trout macrophages. Wild type E. coli (K12) generated an increase in transcript number/diversity over time whereas PGN-O111:B4 stimulation resulted in a more specific and intense response. In line with this gene Ontology analysis (GO) highlights a specific transcriptomic remodelling for PGN-O111:B4 whereas results obtained for PGN-K12 shows a high similarity with a general LPS response where multiple functional classes are related to ribosome biogenesis or cellular metabolism Two-condition experiment, PGN vs. control cells. Biological replicates: 18 control, 18 treated. Dye-swap.
Project description:Relative expression levels of mRNAs in chicken cecal epithelia experimentally infected with Eimeria tenella were measured at 4.5 days post-infection. Two weeks old chickens were uninfected (negative control) or were orally inoculated with sporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella. Cecal epithelia samples were collected from >12 birds in infected or uninfected group at 4.5 d following infections, in which samples from 4 birds were pooled together to form a total 3 biological replicates in each group. Parasite merozoites were also collected from four infected chickens at 5 d after infections. Uninfected control samples, merozoites and infection group samples were selected for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. We used Affymetrix GeneChip chicken genome arrays to detail the chicken cecal epithelia gene expression in the control and E. tenella-infected birds.