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Drosophila melanogaster

ABSTRACT: Drosophila miR-277 controls branched-chain amino acid catabolism and affects lifespan

PROVIDER: PRJNA181983 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR619103.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR619104.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR619105.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Drosophila miR-277 controls branched-chain amino acid catabolism and affects lifespan

Project description:Development, growth and adult survival are coordinated with available metabolic resources. The insulin/IGF and TOR signaling pathways relay nutritional status, thereby ascertaining that the organism responds appropriately to environmental conditions. MicroRNAs are short (21-23 nt) regulatory RNAs that confer specificity on the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to inhibit a given set of mRNA targets. We profiled changes in miRNA expression during adult life in Drosophila melanogaster and determined that miR-277 is down-regulated with age. This miRNA controls branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism and the activity of the TOR kinase, a central growth regulator. Metabolite analysis suggests that the mechanistic basis may be an accumulation of BCKAs, rather than BCAAs, thus avoiding potentially detrimental consequences of increased branched chain amino acid levels on e.g. translational fidelity. Constitutive miR-277 expression as well as transgenic inhibition with a miRNA sponge construct shortens lifespan. Furthermore, constitutive miR-277 expression is synthetically lethal with reduced insulin signaling. Thus, optimal metabolic adaptation requires tuning of cellular BCAA catabolism by miR-277 to be concordant with systemic growth signaling.

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Project description:Gut microbiota promotes branched-chain amino acid catabolism

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Mitochondrial Calcium Signaling Regulates Branched-Chain Amino Acid Catabolism in Fibrolamellar Carcinoma

Project description:Mitochondrial Calcium Signaling Regulates Branched-Chain Amino Acid Catabolism in Fibrolamellar Carcinoma

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Impact of Preoperative Oral Branched-chain Amino Acids on Reducing Postoperative Insulin Resistance.

Project description:Postoperative insulin resistance refers to the phenomenon that the body’s glucose uptake stimulated by insulin is reduced due to stress effects such as trauma or the inhibitory effect of insulin on liver glucose output is weakened after surgery. There is a clear link between postoperative insulin resistance and poor perioperative prognosis. Therefore, exploring interventions to reduce postoperative stress insulin resistance, stabilize postoperative blood glucose, and reduce postoperative complications are clinical problems that need to be solved urgently. In recent years, research on branched-chain amino acids and metabolic diseases has become a hot spot. Studies have found that in the rat model, preoperatively given a high branched-chain amino acid diet can inhibit postoperative insulin resistance and stabilize blood glucose levels. This research plan is to try to add branched-chain amino acids before surgery to observe the occurrence of postoperative insulin resistance in patients.

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Comparison of Transcriptomes of Wild Type and aan1∆ cells by Next Generation RNA Sequencing

Project description:We use RNAseq to compare the transcriptomes of wild type and aan1∆ cells to determine the mechanism behind AAN1 function in the actin cytoskeleton and lifespan. We find deleting AAN1 results in changes in expression of genes involved in branched-chain amino acid synthesis.

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Codon-specific ribosome stalling reshapes translational dynamics during branched-chain amino acid starvation

Project description:Background Cells regulate protein synthesis in response to fluctuating nutrient availability through mechanisms that affect both translation initiation and elongation. Branched-chain amino acids, leucine, isoleucine, and valine, are essential nutrients. However, how their depletion affects translation remains largely unclear. Here, we investigate the immediate effects of single, double, and triple branched-chain amino acid deprivation on translational dynamics in NIH3T3 cells using RNA-seq and ribosome profiling. Results All starvation conditions increased ribosome dwell times, with pronounced stalling at all valine codons during valine and triple starvation, whereas leucine and isoleucine starvation produced milder, codon-specific effects. Notably, stalling under isoleucine deprivation largely decreased under triple starvation. Positional enrichment of valine codons near the 5′ end and downstream isoleucine codons potentially contributes to these patterns, suggesting a possible elongation bottleneck that influences translational responses under branched-chain amino acid starvation. The presence of multiple valine stalling sites was associated with decreased protein levels. Finally, codon-specific dwell time changes correlated strongly with patterns of tRNA isoacceptor charging. Conclusions Together, these findings suggest that differential ribosome stalling under branched-chain amino acid starvation reflects a balance between amino acid supply, tRNA charging dynamics, codon position, and stress-response signaling.

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Codon-specific ribosome stalling reshapes translational dynamics during branched-chain amino acid starvation

Project description:Background: Cells regulate protein synthesis in response to fluctuating nutrient availability through mechanisms that affect both translation initiation and elongation. Branched-chain amino acids, leucine, isoleucine, and valine, are essential nutrients. However, how their depletion affects translation remains largely unclear. Here, we investigate the immediate effects of single, double, and triple branched-chain amino acid deprivation on translational dynamics in NIH3T3 cells using RNA-seq and ribosome profiling. Results: All starvation conditions increased ribosome dwell times, with pronounced stalling at all valine codons during valine and triple starvation, whereas leucine and isoleucine starvation produced milder, codon-specific effects. Notably, stalling under isoleucine deprivation largely decreased under triple starvation. Positional enrichment of valine codons near the 5' end and downstream isoleucine codons potentially contributes to these patterns, suggesting a possible elongation bottleneck that influences translational responses under branched-chain amino acid starvation. The presence of multiple valine stalling sites was associated with decreased protein levels. Finally, codon-specific dwell time changes correlated strongly with patterns of tRNA isoacceptor charging. Conclusions: Together, these findings suggest that differential ribosome stalling under branched-chain amino acid starvation reflects a balance between amino acid supply, tRNA charging dynamics, codon position, and stress-response signaling.

2025-09-02 | GSE291652 | GEO

Branched chain amino acids impact health and lifespan indirectly via amino acid balance and appetite control

Project description:Branched chain amino acids impact health and lifespan indirectly via amino acid balance and appetite control

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