Project description:Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the pathological feature of AAN. Aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN)was induced by a one-time intraperitoneal injection of aristolochic acid in PBS. By RNA sequencing analysis in AAN mice, we observed the significant changes of genes important in regulating cell cycle.
Project description:The study used a clinically relevant mouse model of chronic aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) to investigate the responses of proximal tubular cells during kidney fibrosis by single-nucleus RNA sequencing. The experiment involved 4 mice with AAN induced chronic renal fibrosis and 4 naive controls.
Project description:Aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) is characterised by rapidly progressive tubulointerstitial nephritis culminating in end stage renal failure and urothelial malignancy. microRNAs (miRs) are small endogenous post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression implicated in numerous physiological and pathological processes. We aimed to characterise the mechanism of AA induced cell cycle arrest and its regulation by miRs. The microarray experiment was performed to identify differentially regulated microRNAs in human proximal tubulal epithelial cells treated with aristolochic acid (AA). Analysis or differential miR expression in human proximal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2) treated with 5ug/ml aristolochic acid, control (n=3) vs aristolochic acid (n=3)
Project description:Wild type or Aristolochic acid (AAI) nephropathy (AAN) mice were immunized with NP-KLH in Alum (100ug/mouse) On day 12 post-immunization, live NP-GcB cells were FACS-sorted from spleen according to B220+ GL7+ CD95+ NP+ expression directly into SmartSeq low-input RNA kit lysis buffer
Project description:Aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) is characterised by rapidly progressive tubulointerstitial nephritis culminating in end stage renal failure and urothelial malignancy. microRNAs (miRs) are small endogenous post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression implicated in numerous physiological and pathological processes. We aimed to characterise the mechanism of AA induced cell cycle arrest and its regulation by miRs. The microarray experiment was performed to identify differentially regulated microRNAs in human proximal tubulal epithelial cells treated with aristolochic acid (AA).
Project description:Acetaminophen is a widely used antipyretic and analgesic drug, and its overdose is the leading cause of drug-induced acute liver failure. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of Lacticaseibacillus casei Shirota (LcS), an extensively used and highly studied probiotic, on acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury. C57BL/6 mice were gavaged with LcS suspension or saline once daily for 7 days before the acute liver injury was induced via intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg/kg acetaminophen. The results showed that LcS significantly decreased acetaminophen-induced liver and ileum injury, as demonstrated by reductions in the increases in aspartate aminotransferase, total bile acids, total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin and hepatic cell necrosis. Moreover, LcS alleviated the acetaminophen-induced intestinal mucosal permeability, elevation in serum IL-1α and lipopolysaccharide, and decreased levels of serum eosinophil chemokine (eotaxin) and hepatic glutathione levels. Furthermore, analysis of the gut microbiota and metabolome showed that LcS reduced the acetaminophen-enriched levels of Cyanobacteria, Oxyphotobacteria, long-chain fatty acids, cholesterol and sugars in the gut. Additionally, the transcriptome and proteomics showed that LcS mitigated the downregulation of metabolism and immune pathways as well as glutathione formation during acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury. This is the first study showing that pretreatment with LcS alleviates acetaminophen-enriched acute liver injury, and it provides a reference for the application of LcS.
Project description:Aristolochic acid (AA) is the causative agent of urothelial tumours associated with aristolochic acid nephropathy and is also implicated in the development of Balkan endemic nephropathy-associated urothelial tumours. These tumours contain AA-characteristic TP53 mutations. We examined gene expression changes in Hupki (human TP53 knock-in) mice after treatment with aristolochic acid I (AAI) by gavage (5 mg/kg body weight). After 3, 12 and 21 days of treatment gene expression profiles were investigated using Agilent Whole Mouse 44K Genome Oligo Array. Expression profiles were significantly altered by AAI treatment in both target (kidney) and non-target (liver) tissue. Renal pathology and DNA adduct analysis confirmed kidney as the target tissue of AAI-induced toxicity. Gene ontology for functional analysis revealed that processes related to apoptosis, cell cycle, stress response, immune system, inflammatory response and kidney development were altered in kidney. Canonical pathway analysis indicated Nfkb, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, Tp53 and cell cycle signalling as the most important pathways modulated in kidney. Expression of Nfkb1 and other Nfkb-target genes was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and was consistent with the induction of Nfkb1 protein. Myc oncogene, frequently over-expressed in urothelial tumours, was up-regulated by AAI on the microarrays and confirmed by qRT-PCR and protein induction. Collectively we found that microarray gene expression analysis is a useful tool to define tissue-specific responses in AAI-induced toxicity. Several genes identified such as TP53, Rb1, Mdm2, Cdkn2a and Myc are frequently affected in human urothelial cancer, and may be valuable prognostic markers in future clinical studies. Keywords: Carcinogen treatment Two-color Agilent array. A reference design was chosen that all samples were hybridised to universal mouse reference RNA (UMRR). 12-condition experiment (2 mouse organs: kidney and liver; 2 treatments: AAI and water; 3 time points: 3, 12 and 21 days). Three biological replicates for each condition. One replicate per array.