Project description:The central part of Brazil, consisting mostly of the Cerrado Biome, is considered to be the new frontier for increasing Brazilian wheat production. However, rainfed wheat production in that area must cope with drought stress. In order to better understand the drought response, we analyzed the mRNA profiling under drought in roots and leaves of the cultivar MGS1 Aliança (a well-adapted cultivar to the Cerrado). We identified 4,422 candidate genes in roots and leaves.
Project description:A complex regulatory network is the mechanism of wheat roots responding to drought stress at low and adequate phosphorus levels. The transcription levels of genes encoding silicon transporters, phosphate transporters, sucrose synthesis, etc., are mostly up-regulated in Xindong20. The genes encoding the electron transport chain and the respiratory chain are mostly down-regulated in Xindong23. These results suggest that wheat roots should maintain the structural integrity of the cells and reduce the energy metabolism during the coupled stress of drought and low phosphorus, which will help to improve the drought tolerance of wheat. The objective of the present data was to increase the information about the effect of drought on the transcriptomes of wheat root cultured by two phosphorus levels.
Project description:The influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization on the expression of genes in the roots of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at the transcriptome level is largely unknown. A pot experiment was established to study the responses of the transcriptome profile in the roots of wheat to colonization by the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis using high through-put sequencing methods. The results indicated that the expression of 11,746 genes was regulated by AM colonization, and 64.7% of them were up-regulated genes. 1106 genes were only expressed in roots colonized by AMfungi, and 108 genes were only expressed in non- mycorrhizal roots. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were primarily distributed on the 2B, 3B, 2A, 2D, and 5B chromosomes of wheat. The DEGs (including both up- and down- regulated) mainly located on membranes, and functioned in nucleotide binding and transferase activity during cellular protein modification and biosynthetic processes. The data revealed that AMcolonization up-regulated genes involved in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and transcription factors which play vital roles in protecting plants from biotic or abiotic stresses. A number of key genes involved in molecular signal biosynthesis and recognition, epidermal cell colonization and arbuscule formation, carbon and nutrients exchange during AM symbiosis were found. All the ammonium transporter (AMT), iron-phytosiderophore transporter, boron, zinc, and magnesium transporter genes found in our study were up-regulated DEGs. One new AM-specific induced AMT and three new AM-specific induced nitrate transporter (NRT) genes were found in the roots of wheat colonized by AMfungi, even though a negative growth response of wheat to AM colonization occurred. The present study provided new information which is important for under- standing the mechanisms behind the development and function of the symbiosis between wheat and AM fungi.
Project description:To investigate the proteome pattern of wheat roots following a WV seed presoaking treatment under drought stress, comparative proteomic analysis using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was employed for wheat roots. Obtained DEPs were digested with trypsin and subjected to 5800 MALDI-TOF-MS/MS analysis.
Project description:For analysis of ABA and nitrogen treated transcriptome, wild-type wheat JW1 at 3 days after germination was removed endosperm and cultured on wheat nutrient culture medium containing 2 mM nitrate for 3 days, and then transferred to a nitrogen-free wheat nutrient culture medium for an additional 2 days. Following this, the wheat seedlings were exposed to wheat nutrient culture medium containing 2 mM KCl or 2 mM KNO3, and/or ABA for 3 hours. The roots of wheat were collected and subjected to total RNA extraction using the TriZol RNA extraction kit (TransGen Biotech).
Project description:For analysis of ABA and nitrogen treated transcriptome, wild-type wheat JW1 at 3 days after germination was removed endosperm and cultured on wheat nutrient culture medium containing 2 mM nitrate for 3 days, and then transferred to a nitrogen-free wheat nutrient culture medium for an additional 2 days. Following this, the wheat seedlings were exposed to wheat nutrient culture medium containing 2 mM KCl or 2 mM KNO3, and/or ABA for 3 hours. The roots of wheat were collected and subjected to total RNA extraction using the TriZol RNA extraction kit (TransGen Biotech).
Project description:Anthropogenic nutrient inputs alter soil biodiversity; however, it remains largely unknown whether changes in soil microeukaryotes (fungi and protists) are primarily driven by direct effects, such as modifications in soil properties, or by indirect effects, such as plant diversity loss. To disentangle these mechanisms, we investigated the long-term effects (11 years) of fertilization and manipulated plant diversity (1, 2, or 4 plant species) on soil microeukaryote communities in a temperate grassland experiment using long-amplicon rRNA sequencing. Our results indicate that fertilization generally had a stronger influence on microeukaryote communities than plant species richness. Fertilization altered the community composition of fungi and protists, increased OTU richness by 20.8% and 52.7%, respectively, and shifted community dominance from fungi to protists. Regarding plant diversity, we observed an effect exclusively on the protist community. Changes were primarily explained by increased plant biomass (driven by both fertilization and plant diversity) and by higher soil phosphorus and lower soil pH levels (driven exclusively by fertilization). Regarding life strategies, we observed synergistic treatment effects: fertilization primarily enhanced fungal saprophytes (only richness), fungal animal pathogens, and protist consumers, whereas plant diversity affected phototrophic protists (reduction) and protist animal pathogens (enhancement). Notably, fertilization and plant diversity decline together led to a cumulative increase in fungal plant pathogens. In conclusion, we highlight that fertilisation alone has a significant effect on soil microeukaryotes, while the additional decline in plant diversity affects different soil groups that are not directly affected by fertilisation. This synergistic pattern indicates that fertilization can influence the entire microeukaryote community through direct and indirect mechanisms, with a cumulative enhancement on certain groups, such as plant pathogens.