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"Blind-Killing" of male and female Drosophila embryos by a natural variant of the endosymbiotic bacterium Spiroplasma poulsonii

ABSTRACT: "Blind-Killing" of male and female Drosophila embryos by a natural variant of the endosymbiotic bacterium Spiroplasma poulsonii

PROVIDER: PRJNA532425 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR8884970.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR8884971.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR8884972.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR8884973.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR8884974.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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"Blind-Killing" of male and female Drosophila embryos by a natural variant of the endosymbiotic bacterium Spiroplasma poulsonii

Project description:“Blind-Killing” of male and female Drosophila embryos by a natural variant of the endosymbiotic bacterium Spiroplasma poulsonii

2020-05-06 | GSE129674 | GEO

In Vitro Culture of the Insect Endosymbiont Spiroplasma poulsonii Highlights Bacterial Genes Involved in Host-Symbiont Interaction

Project description:Endosymbiotic bacteria associated with eukaryotic hosts are omnipresent in nature, particularly in insects. Studying the bacterial side of host-symbiont interactions is, however, often limited by the unculturability and genetic intractability of the symbionts. Spiroplasma poulsonii is a maternally transmitted bacterial endosymbiont that is naturally associated with several Drosophila species. S. poulsonii strongly affects its host’s physiology, for example by causing male killing or by protecting it against various parasites. Despite intense work on this model since the 1950s, attempts to cultivate endosymbiotic Spiroplasma in vitro have failed so far. Here, we developed a method to sustain the in vitro culture of S. poulsonii by optimizing a commercially accessible medium. We also provide a complete genome assembly, including the first sequence of a natural plasmid of an endosymbiotic Spiroplasma species. Last, by comparing the transcriptome of the in vitro culture to the transcriptome of bacteria extracted from the host, we identified genes putatively involved in host-symbiont interactions. This work provides new opportunities to study the physiology of endosymbiotic Spiroplasma and paves the way to dissect insect-endosymbiont interactions with two genetically tractable partners.

2018-03-24 | GSE112290 | GEO

Spiroplasma poulsonii

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Spiroplasma poulsonii strain:sNeo

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Spiroplasma poulsonii isolate:neo

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Blind killing of both male and female Drosophila embryos by a natural variant of the endosymbiotic bacterium Spiroplasma poulsonii.

Project description:Spiroplasma poulsonii is a vertically transmitted endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster that causes male-killing, that is the death of infected male embryos during embryogenesis. Here, we report a natural variant of S. poulsonii that is efficiently vertically transmitted yet does not selectively kill males, but kills rather a subset of all embryos regardless of their sex, a phenotype we call 'blind-killing'. We show that the natural plasmid of S. poulsonii has an altered structure: Spaid, the gene coding for the male-killing toxin, is deleted in the blind-killing strain, confirming its function as a male-killing factor. Then we further investigate several hypotheses that could explain the sex-independent toxicity of this new strain on host embryos. As the second non-male-killing variant isolated from a male-killing original population, this new strain raises questions on how male-killing is maintained or lost in fly populations. As a natural knock-out of Spaid, which is unachievable yet by genetic engineering approaches, this variant also represents a valuable tool for further investigations on the male-killing mechanism.

| S-EPMC7187355 | biostudies-literature

Drosophila hemolymph infected with Spiroplasma poulsonii

Project description:We investigated the effect of Spiroplasma infection on Drosophila hemolymph protein content using Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). To this end, we extracted total hemolymph from uninfected and infected 10 days old females. At this age, Spiroplasma is already present at high titers in the hemolymph but does not cause major deleterious phenotypes to the fly. Extraction was achieved by puncturing the thorax and drawing out with a microinjector. Four replicates were made

2021-05-04 | PXD024340 | Pride

The iron transporter Transferrin 1 mediates homeostasis of the endosymbiotic relationship between <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> and <i>Spiroplasma poulsonii</i>.

Project description:Iron is involved in numerous biological processes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and is therefore subject to a tug-of-war between host and microbes upon pathogenic infections. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, the iron transporter Transferrin 1 (Tsf1) mediates iron relocation from the hemolymph to the fat body upon infection as part of the nutritional immune response. The sequestration of iron in the fat body renders it less available for pathogens, hence limiting their proliferation and enhancing the host ability to fight the infection. Here we investigate the interaction between host iron homeostasis and Spiroplasma poulsonii, a facultative, vertically transmitted, endosymbiont of Drosophila. This low-pathogenicity bacterium is devoid of cell wall and is able to thrive in the host hemolymph without triggering pathogen-responsive canonical immune pathways. However, hemolymph proteomics revealed an enrichment of Tsf1 in infected flies. We find that S. poulsonii induces tsf1 expression and triggers an iron sequestration response similarly to pathogenic bacteria. We next demonstrate that free iron cannot be used by Spiroplasma while Tsf1-bound iron promotes bacterial growth, underlining the adaptation of Spiroplasma to the intra-host lifestyle where iron is mostly protein-bound. Our results show that Tsf1 is used both by the fly to sequester iron and by Spiroplasma to forage host iron, making it a central protein in endosymbiotic homeostasis.

| S-EPMC10117857 | biostudies-literature

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