Functional Interplay between Histone H2B ADP-Ribosylation and Phosphorylation Controls Adipogenesis
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA561140 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR10005273.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10005274.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10005275.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10005276.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10005277.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Although ADP-ribosylation of histones by PARP-1 has been linked to genotoxic stress responses, its role in physiological processes has remained elusive. We found that ADPribosylation of histone H2B-Glu35 inhibits the differentiation of adipocyte precursors, leading to a reduction of newly formed adipocytes in white adipose tissue. ADP-ribosylation of Glu35 by PARP-1 inhibits phosphorylation of adjacent H2B-Ser36, which is required for the proadipogenic gene expression program. It also inhibits adipogenesis in cultured cells and a mouse lineage tracing genetic model. The activity of PARP-1 on H2B requires NMNAT-1, a nuclear NAD+ synthase, which serves as a specificity factor to direct PARP-1 catalytic activity to Glu and Asp residues. Collectively, our results demonstrate a functional interplay between H2B-Glu35 ADP-ribosylation and H2B-Ser36 phosphorylation that controls adipogenesis and cancer cell proliferation.
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Project description:Although ADP-ribosylation of histones by PARP-1 has been linked to genotoxic stress responses, its role in physiological processes and gene expression has remained elusive. We found that NAD+-dependent ADP-ribosylation of histone H2B-Glu35 by small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)-activated PARP-1 inhibits AMP kinase-mediated phosphorylation of adjacent H2B-Ser36, which is required for the proadipogenic gene expression program. The activity of PARP-1 on H2B requires NMNAT-1, a nuclear NAD+ synthase, which directs PARP-1 catalytic activity to Glu and Asp residues. ADP-ribosylation of Glu35 and the subsequent reduction of H2B-Ser36 phosphorylation inhibits the differentiation of adipocyte precursors in cultured cells. Parp1 knockout in preadipocytes in a mouse lineage-tracing genetic model increases adipogenesis, leading to obesity. Collectively, our results demonstrate a functional interplay between H2B-Glu35 ADP-ribosylation and H2B-Ser36 phosphorylation that controls adipogenesis.
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Project description:ADP-ribosylation is a common modification that occurs in proteins and nucleic acids, regulating many cellular processes ranging from DNA repair to inflammatory signaling. ADP-ribosylation plays an important role in cancer biology, infectious diseases, and obesity, but its role in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is not well understood. Here, we studied the role of ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP12 in T1D development. PARP12 expression is highly induced in human islets treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines or β cells from diabetic donors. Proteomics analysis of MIN6 insulin-producing cells identified that the RNA machinery is regulated by PARP12 during inflammation. PARP12 also ADP-ribosylates 150 mRNAs, including the insulin mRNA. This mRNA ADP-ribosylation in turn modifies transcript localization and halts translation. Overall, our data identified a role for PARP12 in ADP-ribosylation and translation halting of mRNAs, which may affect insulin production during insulitis.
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Project description:Chromatin ADP-ribosylation regulates important cellular processes. However, the exact location and magnitude of chromatin ADP-ribosylation are largely unknown. A robust and versatile method for assessing chromatin ADP-ribosylation is therefore crucial for further understanding its function. Here, we present a chromatin affinity precipitation method based on the high specificity and avidity of two well-characterized ADP-ribose binding domains to map chromatin ADP-ribosylation at the genome-wide scale and at specific loci. Our ADPr-ChAP method revealed that in cells exposed to oxidative stress, ADP-ribosylation of chromatin scaled with histone density, with highest levels at heterochromatic sites and depletion at active promoters. Furthermore, in growth factor-induced adipocyte differentiation, increased chromatin ADP-ribosylation was observed at PPARγ target genes, whose expression is ADP-ribosylation-dependent. In combination with deep-sequencing and conventional ChIP, the established ADPr-ChAP provides a valuable resource for the bioinformatic comparison of ADP-ribosylation with other chromatin modifications and for addressing its role in other biologically important processes.
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