Chitin and Biochar in strawberry cultivation
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA603963 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR10989413.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10989414.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10989415.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10989416.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10989417.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Strawberry cultivation is associated with high mineral fertilizer doses and excessive use of chemical plant protection products. Based on previous research, we expected that chitin application to the growing medium will increase the nutrient availability and activate the plant’s systemic defense response, resulting in higher strawberry yields and less disease symptoms. We set up two experiments in which the temporal variability and differences in initial nutrient concentrations of the growing media were taken into account. Chitin induced the plant’s shoot biomass, explained by elevated N concentration in the growing medium and/or the attraction of plant-growth promoting fungal genera towards the plant root, such as Mortierella and Umbelopsis. The over-excessive N concentration and P and K deficiencies in the chitin treatment led to nutrient disbalances. This may explain the decreased fruit yield and disease resistance of the fruits towards Botrytis cinerea. In contrast, chitin caused a clear defense priming effect of the strawberry leaves, with a strong induction of the jasmonic acid response, resulting in less disease symptoms. Chitin caused positive effects on shoot growth and disease resistance of the leaves, but caution needs to be taken for nutrient disbalances leading to negative influences on fruit production and disease susceptibly.
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Project description:The use of biofertilizers is becoming an economical and environmentally friendly alternative to promote sustainable agriculture. Biochar from microalgae can be applied to enhance the productivity of food crops through soil improvement, slow nutrient absorption and release, increased water uptake, and long-term mitigation of greenhouse gas sequestration. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the stimulatory effects of biochar produced from Spirulina platensis biomass on the development and seed production of rice plants. Biochar was produced by slow pyrolysis at 300°C, and characterization was performed through microscopy, chemical, and structural composition analyses. Molecular and physiological analyses were performed in rice plants submitted to different biochar concentrations (0.02, 0.1, and 0.5 mg mL-1) to assess growth and productivity parameters. Morphological and physicochemical characterization revealed a heterogeneous morphology and the presence of K and Mg minerals in the biochar composition. Chemical modification of compounds post-pyrolysis and a highly porous structure with micropores were observed. Rice plants submitted to 0.5 mg mL-1 of biochar presented a decrease in root length, followed by an increase in root dry weight. The same concentration influenced seed production, with an increase of 44% in the number of seeds per plant, 17% in the percentage of full seeds per plant, 12% in the weight of 1,000 full seeds, 53% in the seed weight per plant, and 12% in grain area. Differential proteomic analyses in shoots and roots of rice plants submitted to 0.5 mg mL-1 of biochar for 20 days revealed a fine-tuning of resource allocation towards seed production. These results suggest that biochar derived from Spirulina platensis biomass can stimulate rice seed production.
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Project description:Chitin oligomers, released from fungal cell walls by endochitinase, induce defense and related cellular responses in many plants. However, little is known about chitin responses in the model plant Arabidopsis. We describe here a large scale characterization of gene expression patterns in Arabidopsis in response to chitin treatment using an Arabidopsis microarray consisting of 2,375 EST clones representing putative defense-related and regulatory genes. Transcript levels for 71 ESTs, representing 61 genes, were altered >3-fold in chitin-treated seedlings relative to control seedlings. A number of transcripts exhibited altered accumulation as early as 10 min after exposure to chitin, representing some of the earliest changes in gene expression observed in chitin-treated plants. Included among the 61 genes are those that have been reported to be elicited by various pathogen-related stimuli in other plants. Additional genes, including genes of unknown function, were also identified broadening our understanding of chitin-elicited responses. Among transcripts with enhanced accumulation, one cluster was enriched in genes with both the W-box promoter element and a novel regulatory element. In addition, a number of transcripts had decreased abundance, encoding several proteins involved in cell wall strengthening and wall deposition. The chalcone synthase promoter element was identified in the upstream regions of these genes, suggesting that pathogen signals may suppress expression of some genes. These data indicate that Arabidopsis will be an excellent model to elucidate mechanisms of chitin elicitation in plant defense. Groups of assays that are related as part of a time series. Keywords: time_series_design
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