Project description:In patients with heart failure, concomitant sinus node dysfunction (SND) is an important predictor of mortality, yet its molecular underpinnings are poorly understood. Here, we acquired deep sinus node proteomes and phosphoproteomes in mice with heart failure and SND and report extensive remodelling. Intersecting the measured (phospho)proteome changes with human genomics and pharmacovigilance data highlighted downregulated proteins involved in electrical activity such as the pacemaker ion channel, Hcn4. We confirmed the importance of ion channel downregulation for sinus node physiology using computer modelling. Guided by the proteomics data, we hypothesized that an inflammatory response may drive the electrophysiological remodeling underlying SND in heart failure. In support of this, experimentally induced inflammation downregulated Hcn4 and slowed pacemaking in the isolated sinus node. From the proteomics data we identified proinflammatory cytokine-like protein galectin-3 as a potential target to mitigate the effect. Indeed, in-vivo suppression of galectin-3 in the animal model of heart failure prevented SND. Collectively, we outline the protein and phosphorylation remodeling of SND in heart failure, we highlight a role for inflammation in electrophysiological remodelling of the sinus node, and we present galectin-3 signalling as a target to ameliorate SND in heart failure.
2024-04-25 | PXD031084 | Pride
Project description:metagenome of AME-SND
| PRJNA1169742 | ENA
Project description:AME-SND in PSBBR
| PRJNA1168258 | ENA
Project description:Aeration challenge
| PRJNA419321 | ENA
Project description:Combined strategy control bacterial-wilt disease
Project description:In this study, we analyzed the impact of anoxia and re-aeration on tolerant rice at a proteomic level using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry revealed 82 spots corresponding to 13 and 8 unique proteins in shoots and roots, respectively. Spot-wise clusterization showed the re-aeration proteome to resemble anoxic but not control conditions. We found 4 groups of proteins displaying distinct patterns of intensities of the spots. The most notable group contained proteins whose content continually decreased during stress, such as RuBisCO and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase. The second group included proteins whose synthesis started in anoxia and reached a peak during re-aeration. It involved OEE1 (oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 1), heat shock proteins, and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, implying defense from oxidative damage and pathogens to which plants become vulnerable during re-aeration. Promotor regions of genes encoding these proteins were enriched with transcription factors binding sites of stress-related TFs, both well-studied (ERF, WRKY, MYB) and not as frequently discussed in such contexts (TCP, TBP, SBP). By comparing our observations with proteomic and transcriptomic research, we revealed that plant reactions to anoxia and reoxygenation are starkly similar. The results suggest that rice shoots and roots become pre-adapted to post-stress during anoxia. The experimental setup was as follows. Plants were exposed to 24 h of pure anoxia followed by 24 h of re-aeration. 2-DIGE gel figures were scanned with Typhoon, and the intensities of spots were calculated using the PDQuest software. After excision, spots were analyzed with MALDI-TOF MS/MS. Proteins were identified using MASCOT and MGSFplus utilities. Significantly different spots were identified with the limma package. Individual spots and the whole proteomes were then clustered with k-means and hierarchical clustering methods. Functional annotation of protein sequences was performed using the eggNOG standalone tool v2.0.1b-2-g816e190 (Huerta-Cepas et al., 2017a) and the topGO v.2.34.0 (Alexa and Rahnenfuhrer, 2007) package. The upstream regions of genes encoding identified proteins and the respective orthologs from A. thaliana were obtained from the EnsemblPlants (Bolser et al., 2016) database. Finally, transcription factor binding sites within the promoter regions were predicted using the PlantPAN v.3.0 (Chow et al., 2019) and AthaMap (Hehl et al., 2016) tools. Ten-day-old rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L., cv. Flagman, Federal Scientific Center of Rice, Krasnodar, Russia) were studied. Seeds were sterilized using 5% NaClO for 15 min and washed with warm distilled water. Seeds were then soaked for 1 h in hot water (50-55 °С) to induce germination in dark conditions for 3 days at 28°С. Germinated seedlings were planted on perforated plastic plates on containers filled with continuously aerated Knop nutrient solution (0.2 strength) and grown at an irradiance of 100 W/m2 with a photoperiod of 12 h at 23-25°C as described earlier (Emel’yanov et al., 2003; Yemelyanov et al., 2020). Plants were divided into control and experimental groups. For each condition (control, anoxia, and re-aeration), 3 glass beakers containing 20 mL of Knop nutrient solution (0.2 N strength) with 20 seedlings in each were used. To replicate anaerobic conditions, beakers with seedlings were placed into 1.5-liter jars (exicators). The gaseous nitrogen with less than 0.01% of oxygen oxygen was pumped to the exicators for 45 min until reaching complete anoxia. The purity of anaerobic conditions was confirmed via the Anaerotest® anaerobic indicator (Merck, Germany). Once anaerobic conditions were reached, exicators were tightly closed and put in the dark for 24 h to prevent oxygen production during photosynthesis. Control plants were exposed to the dark in aerobic conditions for 24 h. No less than three biological replicates were done for each condition. After 24 h of anoxia, the jars were opened, followed by collecting plant shoots and roots for further protein extraction in the case of anoxic proteomes and control settings. The post-anoxic beakers were exposed to 24 h of dark conditions and were then separately treated for protein extraction as well.
Project description:Reduced spatiotemporal transcription factor levels have been shown to affect traits, organism development and disease predisposition. Here, we investigated the impact of physiologically relevant increases in transcription factor dosage, which has remained largely unexplored. Patients with genomic deletions far upstream of PITX2 present with sinus node dysfunction (SND) and atrial fibrillation. We show that delB mice, which recapitulate the deletion-driven arrhythmia in patients, ectopically express PITX2 in sinus node pacemaker cardiomyocytes (PCs) in a highly heterogeneous pattern from early embryonic development onwards. During development, delB sinus nodes form subdomains of mildly affected PC and strongly affected PCs that have lost their PC identity and switched towards an atrial cardiomyocyte-like state in a PITX2 dosage-dependent manner. Compared to heterozygous delB mice, homozygous delB mice have more PITX2+ PCs that express on average more PITX2, form proportionally larger subdomains of strongly affected PCs and have much more severe SND and atrial arrhythmia susceptibility. Ectopic expression of PITX2 in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived PCs resulted in PITX2 dosage-dependent transcriptional changes reminiscent of those observed in the sinus node subdomains of delB mice. These results show that genetically driven ectopic expression of PITX2 in PCs causes SND and increased susceptibility for atrial arrhythmias, illustrating how spatiotemporally-defined increases in transcription factor dosage translates into developmental defects and disease predisposition.
Project description:Reduced spatiotemporal transcription factor levels have been shown to affect traits, organism development and disease predisposition. Here, we investigated the impact of physiologically relevant increases in transcription factor dosage, which has remained largely unexplored. Patients with genomic deletions far upstream of PITX2 present with sinus node dysfunction (SND) and atrial fibrillation. We show that delB mice, which recapitulate the deletion-driven arrhythmia in patients, ectopically express PITX2 in sinus node pacemaker cardiomyocytes (PCs) in a highly heterogeneous pattern from early embryonic development onwards. During development, delB sinus nodes form subdomains of mildly affected PC and strongly affected PCs that have lost their PC identity and switched towards an atrial cardiomyocyte-like state in a PITX2 dosage-dependent manner. Compared to heterozygous delB mice, homozygous delB mice have more PITX2+ PCs that express on average more PITX2, form proportionally larger subdomains of strongly affected PCs and have much more severe SND and atrial arrhythmia susceptibility. Ectopic expression of PITX2 in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived PCs resulted in PITX2 dosage-dependent transcriptional changes reminiscent of those observed in the sinus node subdomains of delB mice. These results show that genetically driven ectopic expression of PITX2 in PCs causes SND and increased susceptibility for atrial arrhythmias, illustrating how spatiotemporally-defined increases in transcription factor dosage translates into developmental defects and disease predisposition.
Project description:Reduced spatiotemporal transcription factor levels have been shown to affect traits, organism development and disease predisposition. Here, we investigated the impact of physiologically relevant increases in transcription factor dosage, which has remained largely unexplored. Patients with genomic deletions far upstream of PITX2 present with sinus node dysfunction (SND) and atrial fibrillation. We show that delB mice, which recapitulate the deletion-driven arrhythmia in patients, ectopically express PITX2 in sinus node pacemaker cardiomyocytes (PCs) in a highly heterogeneous pattern from early embryonic development onwards. During development, delB sinus nodes form subdomains of mildly affected PC and strongly affected PCs that have lost their PC identity and switched towards an atrial cardiomyocyte-like state in a PITX2 dosage-dependent manner. Compared to heterozygous delB mice, homozygous delB mice have more PITX2+ PCs that express on average more PITX2, form proportionally larger subdomains of strongly affected PCs and have much more severe SND and atrial arrhythmia susceptibility. Ectopic expression of PITX2 in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived PCs resulted in PITX2 dosage-dependent transcriptional changes reminiscent of those observed in the sinus node subdomains of delB mice. These results show that genetically driven ectopic expression of PITX2 in PCs causes SND and increased susceptibility for atrial arrhythmias, illustrating how spatiotemporally-defined increases in transcription factor dosage translates into developmental defects and disease predisposition.