Sonlicromanol improves neuronal network dysfunction and transcriptome changes linked to m.3243A>G heteroplasmy in iPSC-derived neurons
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA647799 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR12280217.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12280218.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12280219.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12280220.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12280221.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is often caused by an adenine to guanine variant at m.3243 (m.3243A>G) of the MT-TL1 gene. To understand how this pathogenic variant affects the nervous system, we differentiated human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into excitatory neurons with normal (low heteroplasmy) and impaired (high heteroplasmy) mitochondrial function from MELAS patients with the m.3243A>G pathogenic variant. We combined micro-electrode array (MEA) measurements with RNA sequencing (MEA-seq) and found reduced expression of genes involved in mitochondrial respiration and presynaptic function, as well as non-cell autonomous processes in co-cultured astrocytes. Finally, we show that the clinical phase II drug sonlicromanol can improve neuronal network activity when treatment is initiated early in development. This was intricately linked with changes in the neuronal transcriptome. Overall, we provide insight in transcriptomic changes in iPSC-derived neurons with high m.3243A>G heteroplasmy, and show the pathology is partially reversible by sonlicromanol.
2021-07-29 | GSE154825 | GEO
Project description:Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 3243A>G tRNALeu(UUR) heteroplasmic mutation (m.3243A>G) exhibits clinically heterogeneous phenotypes. While the high mtDNA heteroplasmy exceeding a critical threshold causes mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis with stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome, the low mtDNA heteroplasmy causes maternally inherited diabetes with or without deafness (MIDD) syndrome. How quantitative differences in mtDNA heteroplasmy produces distinct pathological states has remained elusive. Here we show that despite striking similarities in the energy metabolic gene expression signature, the mitochondrial bioenergetics, biogenesis and fuel catabolic functions are distinct in cells harboring low or high levels of the m.3243A>G mutation compared to wild type cells. We further demonstrate that the low heteroplasmic mutant cells exhibit a coordinate induction of transcriptional regulators of the mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose and fatty acid metabolism pathways that lack in near homoplasmic mutant cells compared to wild type cells. Altogether, these results shed new biological insights on the potential mechanisms by which low mtDNA heteroplasmy may progressively cause diabetes mellitus.
2019-04-09 | GSE129091 | GEO
Project description:Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is often caused by an adenine to guanine variant at m.3243 (m.3243A>G) of the MT-TL1 gene. To understand how this pathogenic variant affects the nervous system, we differentiated human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into excitatory neurons with normal (low heteroplasmy) and impaired (high heteroplasmy) mitochondrial function from MELAS patients with the m.3243A>G pathogenic variant. We combined micro-electrode array (MEA) measurements with RNA sequencing (MEA-seq) and found reduced expression of genes involved in mitochondrial respiration and presynaptic function, as well as non-cell autonomous processes in co-cultured astrocytes. Finally, we show that the clinical phase II drug sonlicromanol can improve neuronal network activity when treatment is initiated early in development. This was intricately linked with changes in the neuronal transcriptome. Overall, we provide insight in transcriptomic changes in iPSC-derived neurons with high m.3243A>G heteroplasmy, and show the pathology is partially reversible by sonlicromanol.
| S-EPMC8452519 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mitochondria generate signals of adaptation that regulate nuclear genes expression via retrograde signaling. But this phenomenon is complexified when qualitatively different mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) coexist within cells. Although this cellular state of heteroplasmy leads to divergent phenotypes clinically, its consequences on cellular function and the cellular transcriptome are unknown. To interrogate this phenomenon, we generated somatic cell cybrids harboring increasing levels of a common mtDNA mutation (tRNALeu(UUR) 3243A>G) and mapped the resulting cellular phenotypes and transcriptional profiles across the complete range of heteroplasmy. Small increases in mutant mtDNAs caused relatively modest defect in mitochondrial oxidative capacity, but resulted in sharp transitions in mitochondrial ultrastructure and in the nuclear and mitochondrial transcriptomes, with the critical functional threshold corresponding to the induction of epigenetic regulatory systems. Principal component analysis underscores how each heteroplasmy level occupies a different "transcriptional space", with low levels heteroplasmy (20-30%) producing a dose-response linear progression in one direction, and mutationload of 50, 60 and 90% producing changes in the opposite direction. Hence, subtle changes in mitochondrial energetics can act through the epigenome to generate the phenotypes of the common “complex” diseases. Cells were generated by transferring the wildtype (3243A) and mutant (3243G) mtDNAs from a heteroplasmic 3243A>G patient’s lymphoblastoid cell line into 143B(TK-) mtDNA-deficient (ρo) cells and selected for transmitochondrial cybrids. Subsequent mtDNA depletion, reamplification, and cloning (Wiseman and Attardi, 1978) resulted in a series of stable cybrids harboring approximately 0, 20, 30, 50, 60, 90, and 100% 3243G mutant mtDNAs. Total RNA extracted from each cell line was then extracted, depleted of rRNA, and measured in sequenced in triplicates.
2014-09-02 | E-GEOD-56158 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The mitochondrial m.3243A>G variant is known to cause retinal dystrophy and vision loss. We used mitochondria single cell ATAC sequencing to measure nuclear chromatin accessibility and mitochondrial heteroplasmy in single cells of the retina and choroid.
2023-06-08 | GSE202746 | GEO
Project description:Mitochondria generate signals of adaptation that regulate nuclear genes expression via retrograde signaling. But this phenomenon is complexified when qualitatively different mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) coexist within cells. Although this cellular state of heteroplasmy leads to divergent phenotypes clinically, its consequences on cellular function and the cellular transcriptome are unknown. To interrogate this phenomenon, we generated somatic cell cybrids harboring increasing levels of a common mtDNA mutation (tRNALeu(UUR) 3243A>G) and mapped the resulting cellular phenotypes and transcriptional profiles across the complete range of heteroplasmy. Small increases in mutant mtDNAs caused relatively modest defect in mitochondrial oxidative capacity, but resulted in sharp transitions in mitochondrial ultrastructure and in the nuclear and mitochondrial transcriptomes, with the critical functional threshold corresponding to the induction of epigenetic regulatory systems. Principal component analysis underscores how each heteroplasmy level occupies a different "transcriptional space", with low levels heteroplasmy (20-30%) producing a dose-response linear progression in one direction, and mutationload of 50, 60 and 90% producing changes in the opposite direction. Hence, subtle changes in mitochondrial energetics can act through the epigenome to generate the phenotypes of the common “complex” diseases.
2014-09-02 | GSE56158 | GEO
Project description:Non-random distribution of mitochondrial m.3243A>G heteroplasmy in human retina and its impact on cellular phenotype
| PRJNA837204 | ENA
Project description:Mitochondrial heteroplasmy, the presence of more than one mtDNA variant in a cell or individual is not as uncommon as previously thought. It is mostly due to the high mutation rate of the mtDNA and limited repair mechanisms present in the mitochondrion. The phenomenon has been studied mostly in human samples and in medical contexts. Heteroplasmy has also been researched in other species in fields such as forensics or genetic foot printing, but these studies usually focused on contained families within closely related species. Here we describe a large cross-species evaluation of heteroplasmy in mammals. We employed a novel approach to detect mitochondrial heteroplasmy in both novel and previously reported ChIP-sequencing datasets, which include concomitant mitochondrial DNA sequenced in the experiment. Here, we report novel ChIP-seq experiments for H3K4me1 and CEBPA across mammals, as well as some H3K4me3, H3K27ac and total histone H3 experiments. Most of the reported CEBPA experiments are good quality pull-downs, however the quality of many of the other experiments reported here has not been interrogated in detail. Whereas this does not affect the investigation of mitochondrial DNA pollution for the purposes of this study, both H3K4me1 and total histone H3 ChIP-seq datasets were often sequenced to relatively low depth and showed low ChIP enrichment compared to the other antibodies.
2016-05-13 | E-MTAB-3933 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The aim of this work was to analyze to which extent mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) originate from their parental cells or from de novo mutagenesis, and whether dynamics in variant heteroplasmy levels during prolonged expansion culture of iPSC are caused by inter- or intra-cellular selection or genetic drift. Hence, mtDNA of 26 early passage iPSC clones from, in total, 10 donors and the corresponding parental cell populations (here endothelial cells) were sequenced. Furthermore, 7 iPSC clones were expanded up to passage 50 and the change in variant heteroplasmy levels was monitored. Lastly, the effect of differentiation on the variant heteroplasmy levels was investigated during directed cardiomyocyte differentiation of 4 iPSC clones.
| EGAS00001005560 | EGA
Project description:Mutations in mitochondrial DNA cause severe multisystem disease, frequently associated with muscle weakness. The m.3243A>G mutation is the major cause of Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy Lactic Acidosis and Stroke Like episodes (MELAS). Experimental models that recapitulate the disease phenotype in vitro for disease modelling or drug screening are very limited. We have therefore generated hiPSC-derived muscle fibres with variable heteroplasmic mtDNA mutation load without significantly affecting muscle differentiation potential. The cells are excitable and show physiological characteristics of muscle fibres and show well organised myofibrillar structure. In cells carrying the m.3243A>G, the mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption were reduced in relation to the mutant load. We have shown through proteomic, phosphoproteomic, and metabolomic analyses that the m.3243A>G mutation variably affects the cell phenotype in relation to the mutant load. This variation is reflected by an increase in the NADH/NAD+ ratio, which in turns influences key nutrient-sensing pathways in the myofibres. This model enables detailed study of the impact of the mutation on cellular bioenergetics and on muscle physiology with the potential to provide a platform for drug screening.
2025-05-26 | PXD058785 | Pride