The Gut Microbiome in Parkinson’s Disease
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA671238 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:We used a transgenic mouse model overexpressing the complete human SNCA genes modeling familial and sporadic forms of Parkinson’s disease to study whether environmental conditions such as standard versus enriched environment changes the gut microbiome and influences disease progression.
2019-10-01 | GSE137213 | GEO
Project description:The Gut Microbiome in Parkinson’s Disease
| PRJNA671239 | ENA
Project description:The gut microbiome can impact brain health and is altered in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. The vermiform appendix is a lymphoid tissue implicated in the storage and regulation of the gut microbiome. Here, we investigate changes in the functional microbiome in the appendix of PD patients relative to controls by metatranscriptomic analysis. In the PD appendix, we find microbial dysbiosis affecting lipid metabolism, particularly an upregulation of bacteria responsible for secondary bile acid synthesis. Likewise, proteomic and transcript analysis in the PD gut corroborates a disruption in cholesterol homeostasis and lipid catabolism. Bile acid analysis in the PD appendix reveals an increase in the microbially-derived, toxic secondary bile acids deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA). Synucleinopathy in mice induces similar microbiome alterations to those of PD patients and heightens microbial changes to gut inflammation. As observed in PD, the mouse model of synucleinopathy has elevated DCA and LCA. Raised levels of DCA and LCA can lead to liver injury, and an analysis of blood markers of liver dysfunction shows evidence of biliary abnormalities in PD patients, including elevated alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin. Increased bilirubin levels are also evident before PD diagnosis, in individuals at-risk of developing PD. In sum, microbially-derived toxic bile acids are heightened in PD and biliary changes may even precede the onset of overt motor symptoms.
2021-08-01 | GSE156647 | GEO
Project description:The gut microbiome can impact brain health and is altered in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. The vermiform appendix is a lymphoid tissue implicated in the storage and regulation of the gut microbiome. Here, we investigate changes in the functional microbiome in the appendix of PD patients relative to controls by metatranscriptomic analysis. In the PD appendix, we find microbial dysbiosis affecting lipid metabolism, particularly an upregulation of bacteria responsible for secondary bile acid synthesis. Likewise, proteomic and transcript analysis in the PD gut corroborates a disruption in cholesterol homeostasis and lipid catabolism. Bile acid analysis in the PD appendix reveals an increase in the microbially-derived, toxic secondary bile acids deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA). Synucleinopathy in mice induces similar microbiome alterations to those of PD patients and heightens microbial changes to gut inflammation. As observed in PD, the mouse model of synucleinopathy has elevated DCA and LCA. Raised levels of DCA and LCA can lead to liver injury, and an analysis of blood markers of liver dysfunction shows evidence of biliary abnormalities in PD patients, including elevated alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin. Increased bilirubin levels are also evident before PD diagnosis, in individuals at-risk of developing PD. In sum, microbially-derived toxic bile acids are heightened in PD and biliary changes may even precede the onset of overt motor symptoms.
2021-01-28 | PXD020988 | Pride
Project description:The gut-kidney axis plays a critical role in the progression of kidney disease through the interplay of gut microbiome and host proteome. This study examines the impact of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a potent cyanotoxin, on kidney disease progression through alterations in the gut microbiome and host proteome.
2025-09-10 | PXD055755 | JPOST Repository
Project description:Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) exhibit differences in their gut microbial community compared to healthy subjects. Although alterations have been most commonly described as differential abundance of bacteria, fewer studies have focused on the functionnal aspect of these changes. Causal and mechanistic connections between the gut microbiome and PD pathogenesis remain elusive, but could include molecules that influence inflammation or neuronal α-synuclein aggregation. Here, we perform an integrated multi-omic analysis of fecal samples from patients with PD or a prodrome thereof (idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder, iRBD) compared to healthy controls. We reveal 11 metabolites significantly different between the three groups, amongst which β-glutamate was increased in PD and prodromal PD, and correlated with the transcriptional activities of Methanobrevibacter smithii and Clostridium spp. In addition, we identified a decrease in transcript for motilty and flagellar assembly pathways in keystone bacteria such as Roseburia and Agathobacter. Our study highlights the apparent disruption of microbial gene expression in PD, in particularly gene associated to mobility which can impact the immune system, and the neuro-inflammation involved in PD.
2025-10-13 | PXD031457 | Pride
Project description:Opioid analgesics are frequently prescribed in the United States and worldwide. However, serious side effects such as addiction, immunosuppression and gastrointestinal symptoms limit long term use. In the current study using a chronic morphine-murine model a longitudinal approach was undertaken to investigate the role of morphine modulation of gut microbiome as a mechanism contributing to the negative consequences associated with opioids use. The results revealed a significant shift in the gut microbiome and metabolome within 24 hours following morphine treatment when compared to placebo. Morphine induced gut microbial dysbiosis exhibited distinct characteristic signatures profiles including significant increase in communities associated with pathogenic function, decrease in communities associated with stress tolerance. Collectively, these results reveal opioids-induced distinct alteration of gut microbiome, may contribute to opioids-induced pathogenesis. Therapeutics directed at these targets may prolong the efficacy long term opioid use with fewer side effects.
2018-04-16 | E-MTAB-5550 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Parkinson’s disease is associated with a dysbiotic, proinflammatory gut microbiome, disruptions to intestinal barrier functions, and immunological imbalance. Microbiota-produced short-chain fatty acids, such as propionic and butyric acid promote gut barrier integrity and immune regulation, but their impact on Parkinson’s disease pathology remains mostly unknown .Methods: In a randomized double-blind prospective study, 72 people with Parkinson’s disease received propionic and butyric acid and/or the prebiotic fiber 2′-fucosyllactose supplementation over 6 months in combination with existing Parkinson’s disease-specific therapy. Patients underwent complete neurological assessment and provided blood and stool samples before as well as 3 and 6 months after supplementation. Results: We observed improvement in motor and nonmotor symptoms, in addition to modulation of peripheral immunity and improved mitochondrial respiration in immunocytes. Postintervention microbiota remodeled inflammatory and barrier-related gene sets in gut organ cultures and improved in vitro barrier functions. Treatment response was associated with microbiome composition, distinct patterns of colonic transcription and permeability ex vivo. Multiobjective analysis revealed immune parameters associated with an optimal response to supplementation. Conclusion: Short-chain fatty acids ameliorate clinical symptoms in Parkinson’s disease patients and modulate intestinal and peripheral immunity.
2025-11-12 | GSE296010 | GEO
Project description:Background: Parkinson’s disease is associated with a dysbiotic, proinflammatory gut microbiome, disruptions to intestinal barrier functions, and immunological imbalance. Microbiota-produced short-chain fatty acids, such as propionic and butyric acid promote gut barrier integrity and immune regulation, but their impact on Parkinson’s disease pathology remains mostly unknown .Methods: In a randomized double-blind prospective study, 72 people with Parkinson’s disease received propionic and butyric acid and/or the prebiotic fiber 2′-fucosyllactose supplementation over 6 months in combination with existing Parkinson’s disease-specific therapy. Patients underwent complete neurological assessment and provided blood and stool samples before as well as 3 and 6 months after supplementation. Results: We observed improvement in motor and nonmotor symptoms, in addition to modulation of peripheral immunity and improved mitochondrial respiration in immunocytes. Postintervention microbiota remodeled inflammatory and barrier-related gene sets in gut organ cultures and improved in vitro barrier functions. Treatment response was associated with microbiome composition, distinct patterns of colonic transcription and permeability ex vivo. Multiobjective analysis revealed immune parameters associated with an optimal response to supplementation. Conclusion: Short-chain fatty acids ameliorate clinical symptoms in Parkinson’s disease patients and modulate intestinal and peripheral immunity.
2025-11-12 | GSE296011 | GEO
Project description:Long-term dietary intake influences the structure and activity of the trillions of microorganisms residing in the human gut, but it remains unclear how rapidly and reproducibly the human gut microbiome responds to short-term macronutrient change. Here we show that the short-term consumption of diets composed entirely of animal or plant products alters microbial community structure and overwhelms inter-individual differences in microbial gene expression. The animal-based diet increased the abundance of bile-tolerant microorganisms (Alistipes, Bilophila and Bacteroides) and decreased the levels of Firmicutes that metabolize dietary plant polysaccharides (Roseburia, Eubacterium rectale and Ruminococcus bromii). Microbial activity mirrored differences between herbivorous and carnivorous mammals, reflecting trade-offs between carbohydrate and protein fermentation. Foodborne microbes from both diets transiently colonized the gut, including bacteria, fungi and even viruses. Finally, increases in the abundance and activity of Bilophila wadsworthia on the animal-based diet support a link between dietary fat, bile acids and the outgrowth of microorganisms capable of triggering inflammatory bowel disease. In concert, these results demonstrate that the gut microbiome can rapidly respond to altered diet, potentially facilitating the diversity of human dietary lifestyles. RNA-Seq analysis of the human gut microbiome during consumption of a plant- or animal-based diet.
2013-12-05 | E-GEOD-46761 | biostudies-arrayexpress