Project description:Local breeds retained unique genetic variability important for adaptive potential especially in light of challenges related to climate change. Our objective was to perform, for the first time, a genome-wide diversity characterization using Illumina GoatSNP50 BeadChip of autochthonous Drežnica goat breed from Slovenia. Genetic diversity analyses revealed that the Slovenian Drežnica goat has a distinct genetic identity and is closely related to the neighboring Austrian and Italian alpine breeds. These results expand our knowledge on phylogeny of goat breeds from easternmost part of the European Alps.
Project description:The aim of the study was to investigate differences in the gene expression profiles of selected tissues in two most popular goat’s breeds in Poland: Polish White Improved (PWI) and Polish Fawn Improved (PFI). Three different types of tissue samples were selected: somatic cells isolated from goats’ milk (MSC), milk fat globules (MFG) and peripheral nuclear blood cells (PBNC) Since there were no earlier genetic studies focused on genetic differences between these two goat breeds we decided to evaluate hypothetical genomic differences assuming that such a differences should be the consequence of genetic differences. We created the hypothesis that if genomic differences exist they should be revealed in hierarchical clustering of transcriptomic profiles of selected tissues. Should the genomic differences exist the clusters obtained are grouping goat breeds and not goat’s tissues. The results of hierarchical clustering however show something completely different. The clusters are grouping goat tissues (milk fat globules, milk somatic cells, peripheral blood nuclear cells) without any relation with goat breed. So the analytical tool does not recognize the goat breed as a driver of transcriptomic difference. Moreover, we were not able to find significantly regulated genes between two breeds
Project description:The steroid hormone brassinosteroids (BRs) play considerable roles in plant development and defence. Harnessing the extensive knowledge on Arabidopsis BR signalling network for improving productivity in crop species requires first to identify the conserved network components and their function in the target species. To investigate the function of SlBIM1a, the tomato closest homolog of AtBIM1, which is highly expressed in the developing fruit, we generated transgenic tomatoes, which overexpress or down-regulate SlBIM1a gene. Main alterations were observed in SlBIM1a overexpressing lines, which displayed a severe plant and fruit dwarfism. To unravel the molecular basis of phenotypical modifications in SlBIM1a overexpressing fruits, a microarray (Agilent) analysis was performed on Pro35S:SlBIM1aOX and WT fruits harvested at 15 DPA.
Project description:The goat of this project is to explore cirRNA28250 efffect on small RNA to regulation goat mammary gland lipid metabolism. We tried to search the mechanism of cirRNA28250 regulation lipid metabolism through miRNA. small RNA seqencing of goat mamamary gland cells samples from different groups: 5NC, cirRNA28250 overexpression, 3NC,cirRNA28250 knockdown. The goat mammary gland cells were cultured in 3D condition. The cell were transfected with virus with cirRNA28250 gene (overexpression), or inhibition of cirRNA28250A expression (cirRNA28250 gene knockdown).
Project description:The goat of this project is to explore lncRNA55666 efffect on small RNA to regulation goat mammary gland lipid metabolism. We tried to search the mechanism of lncRNA55666 regulation lipid metabolism through miRNA. small RNA seqencing of goat mamamary gland cells samples from different groups: 5NC, lncRNA55666 overexpression, 3NC, lncRNA55666 knockdown. The goat mammary gland cells were cultured in 3D condition. The cell were transfected with virus with lncRNA55666 gene (overexpression), or inhibition of lncRNA expression (lncRNA gene knockdown).
Project description:Water availability is a key determinant of terrestrial plant productivity. Many climate models predict that water stress will increasingly challenge agricultural yields and exacerbate projected food deficits. To ensure food security and increase agricultural efficiency, crop water productivity must be increased. Research over past decades has established that the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is a central regulator of water use and directly regulates stomatal opening and transpiration. In this study, we investigated whether the water productivity of wheat could be improved by increasing its ABA sensitivity. We show that overexpression of a wheat ABA receptor increases wheat ABA sensitivity, which significantly lowers a plant’s lifetime water consumption. Physiological analyses demonstrated that this water-saving trait is a consequence of reduced transpiration and a concomitant increase in photosynthetic activity, which together boost grain production per liter of water and protect productivity during water deficit. Our findings provide a general strategy for increasing water productivity that should be applicable to other crops because of the high conservation of the ABA signaling pathway.
Project description:Background The goat (Capra hircus) represents one of the most important farm animal species. It is reared in all continents with an estimated world population of about 800 million of animals. Despite its importance, studies on the goat genome are still in their infancy compared to those in other farm animal species. Comparative mapping between cattle and goat showed only a few rearrangements in agreement with the similarity of chromosome banding. We carried out a cross species cattle-goat array comparative genome hybridization (aCGH) experiment in order to identify copy number variations (CNVs) in the goat genome analysing animals of different breeds (Saanen, Camosciata delle Alpi, Girgentana, and Murciano-Granadina) using a tiling oligonucleotide array with ~385,000 probes designed on the bovine genome. Results We identified a total of 161 CNVs (an average of 17.9 CNVs per goat), with the largest number in the Saanen breed and the lowest in the Camosciata delle Alpi goat. By aggregating overlapping CNVs identified in different animals we determined CNV regions (CNVRs): on the whole, we identified 127 CNVRs covering about 11.47 Mb of the virtual goat genome referred to the bovine genome (0.435% of the latter genome). These 127 CNVRs included 86 loss and 41 gain and ranged from about 24 kb to about 1.07 Mb with a mean and median equal to 90,292 bp and 49,530 bp, respectively. To evaluate whether the identified goat CNVRs overlap with those reported in the cattle genome, we compared our results with those obtained in four independent cattle experiments. Overlapping between goat and cattle CNVRs was highly significant (P<0.0001) suggesting that several chromosome regions might contain recurrent interspecies CNVRs. Genes with environmental functions were over-represented in goat CNVRs as reported in other mammals. Conclusions We describe a first map of goat CNVRs. This provides information on a comparative basis with the cattle genome by identifying putative recurrent interspecies CNVs between these two ruminant species. Several goat CNVs affect genes with important biological functions. Further studies are needed to evaluate the functional relevance of these CNVs and their effects on behavior, production, and disease resistance traits in goats.