Project description:Social caste determination in the honey bee is assumed to be determined by the dietary status of the young larvae and translated into physiological and epigenetic changes through nutrient-sensing pathways. We have employed Illumina/Solexa sequencing to examine the small RNA content in the bee larval food source, and show that worker jelly is enriched in miRNA complexity and abundance relative to royal jelly. The miRNA levels in worker jelly were 7-215 fold higher than in royal jelly, and both jellies showed dynamic changes in miRNA content during the 4th to 6th day of larval development. Adding specific miRNAs to royal jelly elicited significant changes in queen larval mRNA expression and in morphological characters of the emerging adult queen bee. We propose that miRNAs in the nurse bee secretions constitute an additional element in the regulatory control of caste determination in the honey bee.
Project description:Social caste determination in the honey bee is assumed to be determined by the dietary status of the young larvae and translated into physiological and epigenetic changes through nutrient-sensing pathways. We have employed microRNA gene-microarray, and observed that both worker jelly and royal jelly showed dynamic changes in miRNA content during the 4th to 6th day of larval development . Adding specific miRNAs to royal jelly elicited significant changes in queen larval mRNA expression and in morphological characters of the emerging adult queen bee. We propose that miRNAs in the nurse bee secretions constitute an additional element in the regulatory control of caste determination in the honey bee.
Project description:Social caste determination in the honey bee is assumed to be determined by the dietary status of the young larvae and translated into physiological and epigenetic changes through nutrient-sensing pathways. We have employed Illumina/Solexa sequencing to examine the small RNA content in the bee larval food source, and show that worker jelly is enriched in miRNA complexity and abundance relative to royal jelly. The miRNA levels in worker jelly were 7-215 fold higher than in royal jelly, and both jellies showed dynamic changes in miRNA content during the 4th to 6th day of larval development. Adding specific miRNAs to royal jelly elicited significant changes in queen larval mRNA expression and in morphological characters of the emerging adult queen bee. We propose that miRNAs in the nurse bee secretions constitute an additional element in the regulatory control of caste determination in the honey bee. We collected worker and royal jelly of the Italian honeybee (ZND No.1, Apis mellifera ligustica) at 73~90 hours (4th-day larvae), 97~114 hours (5th-day larvae), and 121~138 hours (6th-day larvae) after hatching. After total RNA was extractedM-BM- and quantified , relative equal amounts of total RNAs from each of the three sampling days were pooled into respectively worker and royal jelly samples, and the fraction of small RNAs less than 30nt long was retained and sequenced on the Illumina/Solexa high-throughput platform (HTP).
Project description:Honey bee embryos were injected either with a CRISPR contruct targeting the orco gene or an injection buffer control. RNA-Sequencing was performed on the antennal mRNA from adult bees within 24 hours of eclosion.
Project description:Our molecular understanding of honey bee cellular stress responses is incomplete. Previously, we sought to identify and began functional characterization of the components of the UPR in honey bees. We observed that UPR stimulation resulted in induction of target genes upon and IRE1 pathway activation, as assessed by splicing of Xbp1 mRNA. However, were not able to determine the relative role of the various UPR pathways in gene activation. Our understanding of honey bee signal transduction and transcriptional regulation has been hampered by a lack of tools. After using RNAseq to expand the known UPR targets in the bee, we use the Drosophila melanogaster S2 cell line and honey bee trans and cis elements to investigate the role of the IRE-1 pathway in the transcriptional activation of one of these targets, the honey bee Hsc70-3 gene. Using a luciferase reporter, we show that honey bee hsc70 promoter activity is inducible by UPR activation. In addition, we show that this activation is IRE1-dependent and relies on specific cis regulatory elements. Experiments using exogenous honey bee or fruit fly XBP1S proteins demonstrate that both factors can activate the Hsc70-3 promoter and further support a role for the IRE-1 pathway in control of its expression in the honey bee. By providing foundational knowledge about the UPR in the honey bee and demonstrating the usefulness of a heterologous cell line for molecular characterization of honey bee pathways, this work stands to improve our understanding of this critical species.
Project description:Transcriptome sequencing has become the main methodology for analyzing the relationship between genes and characteristics of interests, particularly those associated with diseases and economic traits. Because of its functional superiority, commercial royal jelly (RJ) and its production are major areas of focus in the field of apiculture. Multiple lines of evidence have demonstrated that many factors affect RJ output by activating or inhibiting various target genes and signaling pathways to augment their efficient replication. The coding sequences made available by the Honey Bee Genome Sequencing Consortium have permitted a pathway-based approach for investigating the development of the hypopharyngeal glands (HGs). In the present study, 3573941, 3562730, 3551541, 3524453, and 3615558 clean reads were obtained from the HGs of five full-sister honey bee samples using Solexa RNA sequencing technology. These reads were then assembled into 18378, 17785, 17065, 17105, and 17995 unigenes, respectively, and aligned to the DFCI Honey Bee Gene Index database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) data were also correlated with detailed morphological data for HGs acini. The results identify areas that warrant further study, including those that can be used to improve honey bee breeding techniques and help ensure stable yields of RJ with high quality traits.
Project description:Honey bee embryos were injected either with a CRISPR contruct targeting the orco gene or an injection buffer control. RNA-Sequencing was performed on the antennal mRNA from adult bees within 24 hours of eclosion.
Project description:Apis mellifera intermissa (Buttel-Reepen, 1906) is the native honeybee subspecies of Algeria. A.m.intermissa occurs in Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco, between the Atlas and the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts (Ruttner, 1988), in an area of more than 2500 km long. Intermissa indicates the position through this bee races between tropical Africa and European breeds (Peyvel, 1994). The settlement area of the Tellian extends from Tunisia to Morocco. Ruttner et al (1978) describes the pure Tellian. It is a black hair of his coat poverty brings out the black color. It is a small size, there are some times light illumination on the tergites. This bee is very aggressive, nervous, sick to take part, as swarms huge fall and even produced many brood and can build up to one hundred queen cells (Le Conte, 2002). A.m.intermissa is prone to swarming, shows an aggressive behaviour and an abundant use of propolis (Ruttner 1988). This study is part of the project funded by the USAID Grant No. TA-MOU-08-M29-075.
Project description:Honey bee drones, queens and workers have vastly different phenotypes. Here we profile the the expression level of mRNAs and microRNAs of honeybee, drones, queens and workers at the L5 larval stage (91 hours +/- 1).