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Targeting androgen receptor phase separation to overcome antiandrogen resistance mediated by "pharmacological condensates"

ABSTRACT: Targeting androgen receptor phase separation to overcome antiandrogen resistance mediated by "pharmacological condensates"

PROVIDER: PRJNA768273 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR16174726_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR16174726_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR16174727_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR16174727_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR16174728_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Targeting androgen receptor phase separation to overcome antiandrogen resistance mediated by "pharmacological condensates"

Project description:Analyze the transcriptomic changes of LNCaP upon DMSO, DHT, Enzalutamide(ENZ), ET516 treatment. The DHT treatment induced robust androgen receptor (AR) signaling up-regulation, wheras ENZ and ET516 can significantly restore DHT-induced AR signaling changes.

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ATRX Condensates Formed by Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Regulate Neural Progenitor Cell Identity (ChIP)

Project description:Alpha-thalassemia X-linked intellectual disability syndrome (ATR-X) is caused by mutations in the ATRX gene, which plays a pivotal role in heterochromatin integrity. In this study, we uncover a novel mechanism by which ATRX influences fate of human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) through the formation of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS)-driven condensates. We discovered that the intrinsically disordered region (IDR) of ATRX is essential for driving LLPS, enabling ATRX to form dynamic condensates within the nucleus. The IDR region can autonomously form phase-separated droplets and recruit co-activators. In addition, formation of these condensates was crucial for the localization of ATRX at super-enhancers (SEs) in hNPCs, directly linking ATRX condensate dynamics to the regulation of gene expression critical for neural differentiation. Disruption of ATRX condensates leads to impaired neuronal differentiation, emphasizing the functional significance of ATRX in human neural development. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular function of ATRX beyond its established roles in chromatin structure, and suggest that LLPS is a key regulatory mechanism through which ATRX supports neurodevelopment. This study opens avenues for further exploration of how dysregulation of ATRX and its phase-separation ability may contribute to the pathogenesis of ATR-X syndrome and related neurodevelopmental disorders.

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ATRX Condensates Formed by Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Regulate Neural Progenitor Cell Identity (RNA)

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Engineering Material Properties of Transcription Factor Condensates to Control Gene Expression in HEK-293T Cells

Project description:Phase separation of biomolecules into condensates is a key mechanism in the spatiotemporal organization of biochemical processes in cells. We systematically engineered light-inducible transcription factor condensates with different material properties and analyzed their influence on transcription activation. When transcription factor condensates were transformed into solid-like gels, we observed a reduced activation of gene expression. We wanted to evaluate the impact that the condensate formation of the transcription factor RelA had on its endogenous promoters using expression data. To this aim, HEK-293T cells were transfected either with empty vector (1-3) or eGFP-RelA (4-6) or eGFP-RelA, Cry2olig-mCh-FUSN-NLS-NbGFP and Cry2olig-mCh-FUSN-NLS, along with an NF-κB-responsive SEAP reporter (7-9). In each of the three groups of transfected cells, 8 h after transfection, 3 samples were kept in the dark (D) and 3 under blue light illumination (BL, 5 μmol m-² s-1) for 24 h prior to RNA extraction. RNA-seq libraries from the 18 samples were sequenced by BGI on a DNBSEQ platform using paired-end chemistry with a read length of 100 base pairs each. Each strand was sequenced across two separate lanes (L03, L04), generating a total of 4 FASTQ files per sample.

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ATRX Condensates Formed by Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Regulate Neural Progenitor Cell Identity

Project description:ATRX Condensates Formed by Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Regulate Neural Progenitor Cell Identity

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Aberrant phase separation of transcription factors in human developmental disorders

Project description:Components of the transcription machinery can undergo liquid-liquid phase separation, but the functional importance of phase-separated condensates in transcriptional control is not well understood. Here we report that disease-causing mutations in several transcription factors (TFs) alter the phase separation capacity of those TFs. We first demonstrate that the Hoxd13 TF, and its intrinsically disordered N-terminus form phase-separated condensates. Expansions of a polyalanine repeat, which cause hereditary synpolydactyly in humans, facilitate phase separation of Hoxd13, and alter the transcriptional program of several cell types in a cell-specific manner in vivo. Disease-associated expansions of aminoacid repeats in intrinsically disordered regions of other TFs were similarly found to alter phase separation. These results suggest that aberrant phase separation of transcriptional regulators may underlie a spectrum of human pathologies. The paper is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.018

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Project description:Transcription factors are among the most attractive therapeutic targets but are considered largely undruggable. Here we provide evidence that small molecule-mediated partitioning of the androgen receptor, an oncogenic transcription factor, into phase-separated condensates has therapeutic effect in prostate cancer. We show that the phase separation capacity of the androgen receptor is driven by aromatic residues and short unstable helices in its intrinsically disordered activation domain. Based on this knowledge, we developed tool compounds that covalently attach aromatic moieties to cysteines in the receptors’ activation domain. The compounds enhanced partitioning of the receptor into condensates, facilitated degradation of the receptor, inhibited androgen receptor-dependent transcriptional programs, and had antitumorigenic effect in mouse models of prostate cancer and castration resistant prostate cancer. These results establish a generalizable framework to target the phase-separation capacity of intrinsically disordered regions in oncogenic transcription factors and other disease-associated proteins with therapeutic intent.

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