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Evolutionarily divergent mTOR remodels translatome for tissue regeneration

ABSTRACT: Evolutionarily divergent mTOR remodels translatome for tissue regeneration

PROVIDER: PRJNA769730 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR16264600_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR16264600_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR16264601_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR16264601_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR16264584_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Evolutionarily divergent mTOR remodels translatome for tissue regeneration

Project description:An outstanding mystery in biology is why some species, such as the axolotl, can regenerate tissues whereas mammals cannot1. Here, we demonstrate that rapid activation of protein synthesis is a unique feature of the injury response critical for limb regeneration in the axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum). By applying polysome sequencing, we identify hundreds of transcripts, including antioxidants and ribosome components that are selectively activated at the level of translation from pre-existing messenger RNAs in response to injury. By contrast, protein synthesis is not activated in response to non-regenerative digit amputation in the mouse. We identify the mTORC1 pathway as a key upstream signal that mediates tissue regeneration and translational control in the axolotl. We discover unique expansions in mTOR protein sequence among urodele amphibians. By engineering an axolotl mTOR (axmTOR) in human cells, we show that these changes create a hypersensitive kinase that allows axolotls to maintain this pathway in a highly labile state primed for rapid activation. This change renders axolotl mTOR more sensitive to nutrient sensing, and inhibition of amino acid transport is sufficient to inhibit tissue regeneration. Together, these findings highlight the unanticipated impact of the translatome on orchestrating the early steps of wound healing in a highly regenerative species and provide a missing link in our understanding of vertebrate regenerative potential.

2023-05-08 | GSE185593 | GEO

Evolutionarily divergent mTOR remodels translatome for tissue regeneration.

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The 40S-LARP1 complex reprograms the cellular translatome upon mTOR inhibition to preserve the protein synthetic capacity

Project description:Ribosomes execute the transcriptional program in every cell. Critical to sustain nearly all cellular activities, ribosome biogenesis requires the translation of ~200 factors of which 80 are ribosomal proteins (RPs). As ribosome synthesis depends on RP mRNAs translation, a priority within the translatome architecture should exist to ensure the preservation of ribosome biogenesis capacity, particularly under adverse growth conditions. Here we show that under critical metabolic constraints characterized by mTOR inhibition, LARP1 complexed with the 40S subunit protects from ribophagy the mRNAs regulon for ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis, acutely preparing the translatome to promptly resume ribosomes production after growth conditions return permissive. Characterizing the LARP1-protected translatome revealed a set of 5’TOP transcript isoforms other than RPs involved in energy production and in mitochondrial function, among other processes, indicating that the mTOR-LARP1-5’TOP axis acts at the translational level as a primary guardian of the cellular anabolic capacity

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