Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA795764 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR17510800_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR17510801_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR17510802_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR17510803_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR17510804_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:X-linked dystonia parkinsonism (XDP) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease characterized by the antisense insertion of an SVA retrotransposon into the TAF1 gene, encoding for the largest subunit of the basal transcription factor TFIID, which is essential for RNA polymerase II activity. This SVA insertion has been associated with altered TAF1 expression levels, but the cause of this outcome and its link to the development of XDP remain unknown. Unique to the XDP SVA compared to other SVA retrotransposons in the human genome is the amplification of the (GGGAGA)n repeat domain, creating a unique G4-prone region, whose length correlates with age at onset and disease severity. By ChIP-seq and ChIP-qPCR with the anti-G4 antibody BG4, we assessed that G4s are present in the folded state in the XDP SVA of these cells. Using available G4 ligands, we demonstrated that stabilization of the XDP SVA G4s reduces TAF1 transcripts in the exons around and downstream of the SVA, while increasing the transcription of the upstream exons, possibly through a positive feedback loop.
2024-09-04 | GSE250293 | GEO
Project description:Background: X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP), an adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder, is caused by an SVA insertion in the TAF1 gene, containing a hexanucleotide, the length of which is correlated to the severity of the disease. The SVA insertion moderately disrupts gene expression; however, the underlying disease mechanism remains enigmatic. Methods: Here, we characterized a fly model for Taf1 deficiency and performed a pilot RNA sequencing analysis. Subsequently, we validated these findings in Taf1-deficient flies and in XDP patient-derived fibroblasts. Results: We identified an upregulation of genes involved in lipid-dependent energy production as a compensatory mechanism to maintain proper ATP levels. However, studies in XDP patient-derived fibroblasts with minor TAF1 reduction did not confirm these findings. Conclusion: β-oxidation is elevated in flies with severe TAF1 reduction but not detected in XDP-patient fibroblasts, suggesting that this compensatory mechanism may only manifest above a critical TAF1 dosage threshold, absent in patient basal conditions. This finding thus suggests that dosage-dependent metabolic responses occur following TAF1 loss.
2026-02-09 | GSE318289 | GEO
Project description:Retroelement activation is emerging as a significant factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVAs) are hominid-specific retroelements that create genetic variation through insertion polymorphisms and variable short tandem repeat (STR) lengths. We investigate how the SVA (CCCTCT)n STR contributes to the striatal neurodegenerative disorder X-linked Dystonia Parkinsonism (XDP), where the repeat expansion length within the pathogenic SVA is inversely correlated with disease onset age. Phenotypic and transcriptomic analysis of XDP and isogenic SVA-deleted striatal organoids revealed that the SVA insertion drives hallmarks of neurodegeneration, including transcriptional dysregulation, decreased neuronal activity, and apoptosis, which are ameliorated by SVA deletion. We identify a (AGAGGG)n hexamer-containing RNA in the SVA that increases expression during organoid maturation and drives R-loop formation in organoids and XDP brain tissue. Knockdown of the (AGAGGG)n hexamer-containing RNA by antisense oligonucleotides rescues apoptosis in the XDP organoids. We demonstrate that a retrotransposon-derived tandem repeat RNA could cause neurodegeneration.
2025-05-17 | GSE289534 | GEO
Project description:<p>X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism (XDP) is a long-standing quandary in human disease genetics. XDP is predominantly observed on Panay island in the Philippines. This study is one of the first of its kind to interrogate an unsolved Mendelian disorder by integrating genome and transcriptome assembly methods using Illumina, 10X Genomics, Pacific Biosciences, and Agilent genome targeting technologies. These data provide strong evidence for a pathogenic link between a noncoding SVA retrotransposon and XDP. We demonstrate that this Mendelian disorder is associated with a sine-VNTR-Alu (SVA) retrotransposon that inserted into the TAF1 gene and is shared by all XDP probands, yet never observed in controls from worldwide populations. Transcriptome assembly in iPSC-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) and neurons revealed that this SVA caused aberrant splicing and significant intron retention, which was negatively correlated with TAF1 expression. Remarkably, CRISPR/Cas9 excision of the SVA rescued the aberrant transcriptional signature and normalized expression of TAF1 in patient-derived NSCs.</p>
| phs001525 | dbGaP
Project description:SVA retrotransposons remain active in humans and contribute to individual genetic variation. Polymorphic SVA alleles harbor gene-regulatory potential and can cause genetic disease. However, how SVA insertions are controlled and functionally impact human disease is unknown. Here, we dissect the epigenetic regulation and influence of SVAs in cellular models of X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP), a neurodegenerative disorder caused by an SVA insertion at the TAF1 locus. We demonstrate that the KRAB zinc finger protein ZNF91 establishes H3K9me3 and DNA methylation over SVAs, including polymorphic alleles, in human neural progenitor cells. The resulting mini-heterochromatin domains attenuate the cis-regulatory impact of SVAs. This is critical for XDP pathology; removal of local heterochromatin severely aggravates the XDP molecular phenotype, resulting in increased TAF1 intron retention and reduced expression. Our results provide unique mechanistic insights into how human polymorphic transposon insertions are recognized, and their regulatory impact constrained by an innate epigenetic defense system.
2023-11-01 | GSE245093 | GEO
Project description:X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) is a rare neurodegenerative disease endemic to the Philippines. The genetic cause for XDP is an insertion of a SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA)-type retrotransposon within intron 32 of TATA-binding protein associated factor 1 (TAF1) that causes an alteration of TAF1 splicing, partial intron retention, and decreased transcription. Although TAF1 is expressed in all organs, medium spiny neurons (MSNs) within the striatum are one of the cell types most affected in XDP. To define how mutations in the TAF1 gene lead to MSN vulnerability, we carried out a proteomic analysis of human XDP patient-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) and MSNs derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. NSCs and MSNs were grown in parallel and subjected to quantitative proteomic analysis in data-independent acquisition mode on the Orbitrap Eclipse Tribrid mass spectrometer. Subsequent functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that neurodegenerative disease-related pathways, such as Huntington s disease, spinocerebellar ataxia, cellular senescence, mitochondrial function and RNA binding metabolism, were highly represented. We used weighted coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) of the NSC and MSN proteomic data set to uncover disease-driving network modules. Three of the modules significantly correlated with XDP genotype when compared to the non-affected control and were enriched for DNA helicase and nuclear chromatin assembly, mitochondrial disassembly, RNA location and mRNA processing. Consistent with aberrant mRNA processing, we found splicing and intron retention of TAF1 intron 32 in XDP MSN. We also identified TAF1 as one of the top enriched transcription factors, along with YY1, ATF2, USF1 and MYC. Notably, YY1 has been implicated in genetic forms of dystonia. Overall, our proteomic data set constitutes a valuable resource to understand mechanisms relevant to TAF1 dysregulation and to identify new therapeutic targets for XDP.
2023-07-05 | MSV000092344 | MassIVE
Project description:X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism is a neurodegenerative disease, which is caused by a SVA retrotransposon insertion within TAF1, gene encoding an integral component of the basal transcription factor TFIID. The SVA insertion has been shown to induce defects both in biosynthesis and in alternative splicing of TAF1 mRNA in various cell types. This includes the reduction of a neuron-specific isoform of TAF1 mRNA generated by inclusion of the evolutionary conserved microexon 34’ (TAF1-34’). In this study, we investigated the tissue distribution of TAF1-34’ mRNA and protein and the neuron-specific mechanism sustaining its alternative splicing. Using isoform-specific RNA probes and antibodies, we observe that canonical TAF1 and TAF1-34’ have different distributions in the brain. To our knowledge, this is the first in situ detection of a microexon. We find that the differential expression of these two isoforms distinguishes proliferating from post-mitotic neurons in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown and ectopic expression experiments in cell lines demonstrated that the neuron-specific splicing factor nSR100/SRRM4 is directing the inclusion of microexon 34’ into TAF1 mRNA. These results show that SRRM4 regulates temporal and spatial distribution of alternative TAF1 mRNAs to generate a neuron-specific isoform of basal transcription factor TFIID.
2020-05-26 | PXD009905 | Pride
Project description:G-quadruplexes within the SVA retrotransposon modulate TAF1 gene expression in X-linked Dystonia Parkinsonism
| PRJNA1053312 | ENA
Project description:G-quadruplexes within the SVA retrotransposon modulate TAF1 gene expression in X-linked Dystonia Parkinsonism [ChIP-seq]
| PRJNA1053320 | ENA