Project description:To validate the use of chicken array for turkey, the ability of species-specific hybridization (SSH, chicken samples-chicken arrays) and cross-species hybridization (CSH, turkey samples-chicken arrays) were compared in the same biological conditions. Reproductively active laying chickens and reproductively inactive non-laying pullets were used to generate the results for SSH. Similarly, reproductively active laying turkeys and reproductively inactive non-laying photorefractory turkeys were used to generate the results for CSH.
Project description:Multigenicity is commonly found in fungal enzyme systems, with the purpose of functional compensation upon deficiency of one of its members or leading to enzyme isoforms with new functionalities through gene diversification. Three genes of the flavin-dependent glucose-methanol-choline (GMC) oxidoreductase pyranose dehydrogenase (AmPDH) were previously identified in the litter-degrading fungus Agaricus (Leucoagaricus) meleagris, of which only AmPDH1 was successfully expressed and characterized. The aim of this work was to study the biophysical and biochemical properties of AmPDH2 and AmPDH3 and compare them with those of AmPDH1. AmPDH1, AmPDH2 and AmPDH3 showed negligible oxygen reactivity and possess a covalently tethered FAD cofactor. All three isoforms can oxidise a range of different monosaccarides and oligosaccharides including glucose, mannose, galactose and xylose, which are the main constituent sugars of cellulose and hemicelluloses, and judging from the apparent steady-state kinetics determined for these sugars, the three isoforms do not show significant differences pertaining to their reaction with sugar substrates. They oxidize glucose both at C2 and C3 and upon prolonged reaction C2 and C3 double-oxidized glucose is obtained, confirming that the A. meleagris genes pdh2 (AY753308.1) and pdh3 (DQ117577.1) indeed encode CAZy class AA3_2 pyranose dehydrogenases. While reactivity with electron donor substrates was comparable for the three AmPDH isoforms, their kinetic properties differed significantly for the model electron acceptor substrates tested, a radical (the 2,2'-azino-bis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid] cation radical), a quinone (benzoquinone) and a complexed iron ion (the ferricenium ion). Thus, a possible explanation for this PDH multiplicity in A. meleagris could be that different isoforms react preferentially with structurally different electron acceptors in vivo.
Project description:The objective of this study was to determine differential gene expression of turkey breast muscle regarding development of PSE meat defect. Genetically unimproved, random-bred (RBC2) turkeys representing turkeys from 1966, which are smaller and grow slower than modern turkeys, were raised at the Michigan State University (MSU) Poultry farm and harvested at 22 week of age. Breast meat was collected and snap frozen in liquid nitrogen. Percent marinade uptake at 24h post-slaughter of each sample was determined. The highest (n=6) and the lowest (n=6) marinade uptake were classified as normal and PSE, respectively. Differentially expressed genes between normal and PSE was identified using TSMLO microarray and confirmed by qRT-PCR. Forty-one oligos were differentially expressed (false discovery rate, FDR<0.1). Candidate genes and pathways associated with development of PSE in turkey were suggested for further experiment to gain greater comprehension about this meat quality defect.
Project description:Our results indicated that conditional knockout of Cdc42 in the epithelial cells of the oviduct isthmus led to defective embryo transport, resulting in blastocytes retention in oviduct, and contributing to the pregnancy failure in PgrCreCdc42f/f mice. To further determine the role of CDC42 in oviduct, RNA-seq analysis was applied in the Cdc42f/f and PgrCreCdc42f/f mice oviduct on day 2 of pregnancy.
Project description:We developed a genetically engineered conditional compound heterozygous Dicer1 mouse strain that fully recapitulates the bi-allelic mutations of DICER1 in DICER1 syndrome-associated cancers. Embryonic activation of bi-allelic Dicer1 mutations, driven by the anti-Müllerian hormone receptor 2 (Amhr2)-driven Cre strain (Amhr2+/cre), drove cancer development from oviduct. Small RNA sequencing was performed to compare the microRNA expression profiles between tumor and normal oviduct.
Project description:While the equine oviduct clearly affects early embryo development and while the selective transport of equine embryos through the oviduct indicates a reciprocal interaction, the influence of the embryo on gene expression in the oviduct remains to be determined in the horse. The aim of this study was to examine this by means of RNA sequencing. Four days after ovulation, the oviduct epithelial cells ipsilateral and contralateral to the ovulation side from five cyclic and five pregnant mares were collected. mRNA was extracted and samples were sequenced using the Illumina Hiseq-2000 sequencer. Data analysis was performed with the CLC Genomics software and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined (p-value ≤ 0.05 and absolute fold change ≥ 2). ClueGO was used for functional interpretation. A total of 26,991 genes was identified and 253 genes were found to be upregulated and 108 to be downregulated in the pregnant ipsilateral oviduct, when compared to the cyclic ipsilateral oviduct. Comparison of the ipsilateral and the contralateral oviduct indicated 164 DEGs in pregnant mares and 77 DEGs in cyclic mares. Functional enrichment analysis only detected differences in the comparison of pregnant and cyclic ipsilateral oviducts and showed that the equine embryo affects the expression of immune response related genes in the oviduct, with marked upregulation of interferon associated genes. This research represents the foundation for further assessment of the role of specific genes in the early embryo-maternal dialogue of the horse.