Elements of divergence in germline determination in closely related sea urchin species
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA860641 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR20336815_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20336815_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20336816_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20336816_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20336817_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Evolutionary transitions enable the wide diversity in life histories of plants and animals. This is particularly germane in the development of the germline in which fitness is a direct readout of evolutionary change. Here, we focused on two distinct sea urchin species who shared a common ancestor 50 million years ago. Even though they both rely on inherited mechanisms to specify their germ line, the integration of stage-matched scRNA seq datasets from these two sea urchins revealed, amongst others, a broader expression of Nanos2 in Lytechinus variegatus (Lv) compared to Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Sp). In Sp, Nanos2 mRNA expression is highly restricted to the PGCs by a lability element in its 3’UTR. This element is lacking in Lv Nanos2, explaining how this mRNA more broadly accumulates in the Lv embryos. We discovered that the Lv Nanos2 3’UTR instead leads to a germline specific translation of the protein. The results emphasize that regulatory mechanisms resulting in germline diversity rely less on transcriptional regulation and more on post-transcriptional and post-translational restrictions of key gene products, such as Nanos2.
2023-01-19 | GSE208709 | GEO
Project description:Evolutionary transitions are particularly important in development of the germ line, cells which directly impact sexual reproduction. Differences in the primordial germ cells (PGCs) of two sea urchin species were examined here by stage-matched, integrated, single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) datasets. Even though both species rely on inherited mechanisms to specify their germ line, this analysis revealed a variety of differences in germline gene expression, including a broader expression of the germline factor Nanos2 (Nan2) in Lytechinus variegatus (Lv) compared to Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Sp). In Sp, Nan2 mRNA expression is highly restricted to the PGCs by a lability element in its 3'UTR, which is lacking in the mRNA of Lv-Nan2, thus explaining the difference. We discovered that the Lv-Nan2 3'UTR instead leads to its specific translation in the PGCs. The results emphasize that regulatory mechanisms resulting in germline specification rely greatly on post-transcriptional restrictions of key gene products.
| S-EPMC10068562 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Using MethylC-seq we investigated single-base resolution methylomes of sea urchin during development.
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Project description:To further elucidate the molecular mechanism underling sex determination at the divergence stage of male and female flowers, the comparative transcriptome analysis was performed. In total, 56,065 unigenes were generated 24,567 transcripts were identified. Among 608 differential expression genes (DEGs), 310 DEGs showed significant expression in males and 298 DEGs in females. The data showed that the sexual dimorphism of female flowers was affected by jasmonic acid, transcription factors and some genes related with activity of floral meristem, which were considered as the candidate sex determination genes. In this study, interesting information will be provided in understanding the development of unisexual flower and the regulatory networks hidden the sex determination in V. fordii, which is useful for the practice of improving its yield.
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Project description:Species-specific regulation of gene expression contributes to the development and maintenance of reproductive isolation and to species differences in ecologically important traits. A better understanding of the evolutionary forces which shape regulatory variation and divergence can be developed by comparing expression differences among species and interspecific hybrids. Once expression differences are identified, the underlying genetics of regulatory variation or divergence can be explored. With the goal of associating cis and/or trans components of regulatory divergence with differences in gene expression, overall and allele-specific expression levels were assayed genome-wide in female adult heads of D. melanogaster, D. simulans and their F1 hybrids. A greater proportion of cis differences than trans differences were identified for genes expressed in heads and, in accordance with previous studies, cis differences also explained a larger number of species differences in overall expression level. Regulatory divergence was found to be prevalent among genes associated with defense, olfaction, and among genes downstream of the Drosophila sex determination hierarchy. In addition, two genes, with critical roles in sex determination and micro RNA processing, Sxl and loqs, were identified as misexpressed in hybrid female heads, potentially contributing to hybrid incompatibility.
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