Project description:Root rot is one of the most severe diseases affecting agricultural productivity worldwide, particularly wolfberry. However, the mechanisms underlying wolfberry resistance to root rot pathogens remain unclear. In this study, we selected Chinese wolfberry (Lycium chinense Mill., LC) and Ningxia wolfberry ‘Ningqi No.5’ (Lycium barbarum L., N5) as research materials, which have been reported to show different tolerances to root rot.
Project description:Root exudates play major roles in the recruitment of plant microbiota. The metabolic composition of root exudates varies according to plant developmental stage, nutrient availability, (a)biotic stresses and interaction with the root-associated microbiota, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which play a key role in plant mineral nutrition and stress tolerance. While it is well established that AMF can perceive plant root exudate compounds, little is known about plant root exudate modifications in response to AMF inoculation. Here, we developed an aeroponic-based culture system suitable for the analysis of maize root exudates during symbiosis with the AMF Rhizophagus irregularis while controlling nutrient availability. We validated the functionality of the system by monitoring both maize root colonization by the AMF and the expression profile of symbiotic root marker genes. We then investigated the composition of root exudates (strigolactones and specialized metabolites) from mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants grown under different N and P regimes. Comparisons of specialized metabolite profiles from root exudates, root tissues, and fungal extracts allowed us to identify candidate metabolic features specifically accumulating in mycorrhizal root exudates. Thus, we provide an innovative method to better understand the role of root exudate metabolites in shaping the microbiota of mycorrhizal plants.
Project description:In terrestrial ecosystems plants take up phosphate predominantly via association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). We discovered that the loss of responsiveness to AMF in the rice deletion mutant hebiba is encoded by the alpha/beta fold hydrolase, DWARF 14 LIKE (D14L), which is one of the 26 deleted genes. It is a component of an intracellular receptor complex involved in the detection of the smoke-compound karrikin. On the basis of the early and pronounced hebiba mutant phenotype, we hypothesized that functional D14L is required for the perception of AM fungi prior to contact. Germinated spore exudates of AMF activate pre-contact plant responses. Therefore, we used RNAseq to monitor the transcriptional changes of hebiba and wild type roots in response to germinated spore exudates, and also karrikin, over the first 24 hours post treatment. WT seedlings were treated with GSE, Karrikin or a mock and iho seedlings with GSE or a mock. Root material was collected for sequencing at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 hours. This gave a total of 27 samples (WT+Mock: 6, WT+GSE: 5, WT+Karrikin:5, iho+Mock:6, iho+GSE: 5).
Project description:Purpose: To date, the biological activity of AMF has not been fully investigated. We set out to analyze how AMF regulates gene expression in HepG2 cells. Conclusions: we performed clustering analysis on the various expressed genes associated with autophagy, and the pathways confirmed in the KEGG and BP analysis
Project description:Many of the microorganisms that are normally present in the soil, actually inhabit the rhizosphere and interact with plants. Those plant–microorganisms interactions may be beneficial or harmful. Among the first are the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). These soil fungi have been reported to improve plant resistance/tolerance to pests and diseases. On the other hand, soilborne pathogens represent a threat to agriculture generating important yield losses, depending upon the pathogen and the crop. One example is the “Sudden Death Syndrome” (SDS), a severe disease in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) caused by a complex of at least four species of Fusarium sp., among which Fusarium virguliforme and F. tuccumaniae are the most prevalent in Argentina. This study provides, under strict in vitro culture conditions, a global analysis of transcript modifications in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal soybean root associated with F. virguliforme inoculation. Microarray results showed qualitative and quantitative changes in the expression of defense-related genes in mycorrhizal soybean, suggesting that AMF are good candidates for sustainable plant protection against F. virguliforme.