Differential effects of plant- and animal fats on obesity-induced dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA971103 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR24491501_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24491501_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24491502_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24491502_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24491503_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is closely associated with obesity through risk factors such as dyslipidemia and chronic low-grade inflammation, which may be affected by diet. Dietary fats have been extensively studied in relation to CVD risk, however these studies have not always yielded consistent results, most likely due to lack in control of experimental conditions and confounding factors. Here we studied the effects of different plant and animal fats on dyslipidemia, inflammation and atherosclerosis. Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice were fed isocaloric energy-dense diets with translational macronutrient composition for 28 weeks. The diets were identical apart from the type of fat they contained: either 1) a mixture of olive and rapeseed oil; 2) sunflower oil; 3) pork fat; 4) beef fat; or 5) milk fat. The fatty acid composition of the diets was determined and effects on circulating lipid and inflammatory risk factors and atherosclerosis were examined, complemented by adipose tissue histology and liver transcriptomics. While visceral fat mass, adipocyte size and adipose tissue inflammation were not differentially affected by the diets, atherosclerotic lesion load and severity was more pronounced with increasing dietary saturated fatty acid content and decreasing monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid content, and hence most pronounced with beef and milk fat. These differential effects were accompanied by increases in pro-atherogenic plasma lipids/lipoproteins (e.g., triglycerides, apolipoprotein B), activation of pro-atherogenic cytokine/chemokine signaling pathways in liver, and with circulating pro-atherogenic mediators of inflammation altogether providing a rationale for the differential effects of plant and animal fats.
2023-12-21 | GSE232133 | GEO
Project description:Cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis and its complications, are a leading cause of death. Inhibition of the non-canonical IkB kinases TBK1 and IKKe with amlexanox restores insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in diabetic mice and human subjects. Here we report that amlexanox improves diet-induced hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia in Western diet (WD)-fed Ldlr-/- mice, and protects against atherogenesis. Amlexanox ameliorates dyslipidemia, inflammation and vascular dysfunction through synergistic actions that involve upregulation of bile acid synthesis to increase cholesterol excretion. Transcriptomic profiling demonstrates an elevated expression of key bile acid synthesis genes. Furthermore, we found that amlexanox attenuates monocytosis, eosinophilia and vascular dysfunction during WD-induced atherosclerosis. These findings demonstrate the potential of amlexanox as a new therapy for hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.
2022-07-27 | GSE209621 | GEO
Project description:The TBK1/IKKe Inhibitor Amlexanox Improves Dyslipidemia and Prevents Atherosclerosis
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Project description:With obesity as a risk factor for atherosclerotic disease, recent research suggests that adipose tissue in obese animal models and humans can generate endocrine-like molecules that affect arterial health. Previous studies showed that microRNA-30e (miR-30e) level is elevated in atherosclerosis and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), a cystine/glutamate transporter, is involved in atherogenesis. However, whether an endocrine-like link between the adipose-derived miR-30e-5p and SLC7A11 in the vascular endothelium can lead to obesity-caused atherosclerosis is unknown.MiRNA data mining and RT-PCR validations were used to demonstrate the positive association among serum level of miR-30e-5p, obesity, and coronary arterial disease in human patients. Transcriptomics (bulk RNA-seq and single-nucleus RNA-seq), metabolomics, and in silico analysis were used to establish a miR-30e-5p–SLC7A11 regulation of central carbon metabolism, mitochondrial and endothelial cell (EC) function. Mouse models with EC-specific Slc7a11 knockout (EC-Slc7a11-/-) and gain- or loss-of- function of miR-30e-5p were used to elucidate the detrimental role of this endocrine-like axis in obesity-related atherosclerosis.Our multi-omics approaches demonstrate that the adipose-derived miR-30e-5p downregulated SLC7A11 mRNA in ECs via tissue crosstalk. The resulting EC dysfunction led to obesity-related atherosclerosis in mice. These findings underscore a causality between obesity and atherosclerosis in the context of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.
2026-06-16 | GSE335161 | GEO
Project description:Obesity is associated with insulin resistance, an important risk factor of type 2 diabetes, atherogenic dyslipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cardiovascular disease. It has been postulated that accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) causes obesity-induced insulin resistance. The major purpose of this study was to test hypothesis that prophylactic VAT removal prevents the development of obesity-induced multi-organ (liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue) insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and NAFLD. Accordingly, we surgically removed epididymal VAT from adult C57BL/6J mice and then evaluated in vivo and cellular metabolic pathways involved in glucose and lipid metabolism following feeding of chronic high-fat diet (HFD). We found that VAT removal prevented HFD-induced insulin resistance and markedly increased AKT-mediated insulin signaling in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), liver, and skeletal muscle. VAT removal improved plasma lipid profiling and prevented obesity-induced NAFLD. In addition, VAT removal significantly increased circulating level of adiponectin, a key insulin-sensitizing adipokine, whereas it decreased interleukin-6, a pro-inflammatory adipokine. Data obtained from RNA-sequencing suggest that VAT removal prevents obesity-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in liver and SAT respectively. These findings demonstrate the causative role of VAT in the development of obesity and related systemic metabolic complications, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and NAFLD.
2021-04-01 | GSE157798 | GEO
Project description:Dyslipidemia and inflammation play key roles in the pathogenesis of both nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and atherosclerosis. NAFLD, particularly its severe form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. HDL (high density lipoprotein- also a CVD risk) are decreased in NAFLD but whether HDL function is abnormal in NAFLD is unknown. Furthermore, it is unknown whether dyslipidemia contributes to reduced HDL function in NAFLD and whether hepatic inflammation further impairs HDL function in patients with NASH. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate HDL function and to examine the effect of dyslipidemia and inflammation on HDL metabolism in patients with biopsy-proven simple steatosis (SS) and NASH. RESULTS: Compared to controls, SS and NASH subjects had significantly higher levels of plasma triglyceride, insulin, and were more insulin resistant (HOMA, P<0.05) with no differences in total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, ApoB100 and ApoAI levels. NAFLD patients had increased production and degradation rates of both HDLc and ApoAI that resulted in their levels remaining stable. The degradation rates also were increased of other HDL proteins, including ApoAII, ApoAIV, vitamin D-binding protein, and complement 3 (all P<0.05). NAFLD patients had increased activities of LCAT and CETP, indicating altered HDL lipidation. NAFLD induced alterations in HDL metabolism were associated with reduced anti-oxidant but increased pro-inflammatory activity of HDL. However, no differences were observed in either HDL function or the kinetics of HDLc and HDL proteins between SS and NASH subjects.
2019-08-12 | PXD010199 | Pride
Project description:Soybean oil consumption is increasing worldwide and parallels the rise in obesity. Rich in unsaturated fats, especially linoleic acid, soybean oil is assumed to be healthy, and yet it induces obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance and fatty liver in mice. Here, we show that the genetically modified soybean oil Plenish, which came on the U.S. market in 2014 and is low in linoleic acid, induces less obesity than conventional soybean oil in C57BL/6male mice.
2017-06-08 | MSV000081149 | MassIVE
Project description:Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from brown seaweeds, possesses many biological activities including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of fucoidan on dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (ApoEshl mice) and to elucidate its molecular targets in the liver by using a transcriptomic approach. For 12 weeks, ApoEshl mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) supplemented with either 1% or 5% fucoidan. Fucoidan supplementation significantly reduced tissue weight (liver and white adipose tissue), blood lipid, total-cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), non-high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (Non-HDL-C), and glucose levels in HFD-fed ApoEshl mice but increased plasma lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and HDL-C levels. Fucoidan also reduced hepatic steatosis levels (liver size, TC and TG levels, and lipid peroxidation) and increased white adipose tissue LPL activity. DNA microarray analysis and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction demonstrated differential expression of genes encoding proteins involved in lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis, and insulin sensitivity, by activating Ppara and inactivating Srebf1. Fucoidan supplementation markedly reduced the thickness of the lipid-rich plaque, lipid peroxidation, and foaming macrophage accumulation in the aorta in HFD-fed ApoEshl mice. Thus, fucoidan supplementation appears to have anti-dyslipidemic and anti-atherosclerotic effects by inducing LPL activity and inhibiting the effects of inflammation and oxidative stress in HFD-fed ApoEshl mice.
2015-12-29 | GSE76374 | GEO
Project description:Obesity Increases Atherosclerosis Susceptibility via Inter-tissue miR-30e-SLC7A11 Axis
| PRJNA1477490 | ENA
Project description:Background: The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) in the liver plays a crucial role in clearing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from the bloodstream. This process takes place mainly in the liver. Under atherogenic conditions, Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9), secreted by the liver, binds to LDLR on hepatocytes, preventing its recycling and enhancing its lysosomal degradation. This process reduces LDL-C clearance, promoting hypercholesterolemia. Epsins, a family of ubiquitin-binding endocytic adaptors, are key regulators of atherogenesis in lesional cells, including endothelial cells and macrophages. Given epsins' canonical role in regulating endocytosis of cell-surface receptors, we aimed to determine whether and how liver epsins contribute to PCSK9-mediated LDLR endocytosis and degradation, thereby impairing LDL-C clearance and accelerating atherosclerosis. Methods: Liver-specific epsin knockout (Liver-DKO) atherosclerotic models were generated in ApoE-/- and PCSK9-AAV8-induced atheroprone mice fed on a Western diet. We utilized single-cell RNA sequencing, along with molecular, cellular, and biochemical analyses, to investigate the physiological role of liver epsins in PCSK9-mediated LDLR degradation. Additionally, we explored the therapeutic potential of nanoparticle-encapsulated siRNAs targeting epsins 1 and 2 in ApoE-/- mice with established atherosclerosis. Results: Western diet (WD)-induced atherosclerosis was significantly attenuated in ApoE-/-/Liver-DKO mice compared with ApoE-/- controls, as well as in PCSK9-AAV8-induced Liver-DKO mice compared with PCSK9-AAV8-induced wild-type (WT) mice, accompanied by reductions in blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Mechanistically, single-cell RNA sequencing of hepatocytes and aortas isolated from atherosclerotic ApoE-/- and ApoE-/-/Liver-DKO mice revealed epsin-deficient Ldlrhi hepatocytes with diminished lipogenic potential. Notably, pathway analysis of hepatocytes revealed increased LDL particle clearance and enhanced LDLR-cholesterol interactions under WD treatment in ApoE-/-/Liver-DKO mice compared with ApoE-/- controls, which correlated with decreased plasma LDL-C levels. Furthermore, pathway analysis of the aortas showed attenuated inflammation and endothelial activation, coupled with reduced lipid uptake, and enhanced cholesterol efflux under WD treatment in ApoE-/-/Liver-DKO mice compared with ApoE-/- controls. Moreover, the absence of liver epsins led to an upregulation of LDLR protein expression in hepatocytes. We further demonstrated that epsins bind LDLR via the ubiquitin-interacting motif (UIM), enabling PCSK9-mediated LDLR degradation. Depleting epsins abolished this degradation, thereby preventing atheroma progression. Lastly, targeting liver epsins with nanoparticle-encapsulated epsins siRNAs effectively ameliorates dyslipidemia and inhibits atherosclerosis progression. These results are consistent with findings showing increased expression of epsin1 and epsin2 in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Conclusions: Liver epsins drive atherogenesis by promoting PCSK9-mediated LDLR degradation, thereby elevating circulating LDL-C levels and heightening lesional inflammation. As such, targeting epsins in the liver represents a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate atherosclerosis by preserving LDLR and enhancing LDL-C clearance.
2025-09-04 | GSE273386 | GEO