Hippocampal differential expression underlying the neuroprotective effect of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) microdose on old mice
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA988105 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR25038307.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25038307_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25038307_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25038308.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25038308_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the primary psychoactive compound of the cannabis plant and an exogenous ligand of the endocannabinoid system. In previous studies, we demonstrated that a single microdose of THC (0.002mg/kg, 3–4 orders of magnitude lower than the standard dose for rodents) exerts distinct, long-term neuroprotection in model mice subjected to acute neurological insults. When administered to old, healthy mice, the THC microdose induced remarkable long-lasting (weeks) improvement in a wide range of cognitive functions, including significant morphological and biochemical brain alterations. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying these effects, we analyzed the gene expression of hippocampal samples from the model mice. Samples taken 5 days after THC treatment showed significant differential expression of genes associated with neurogenesis and brain development. In samples taken 5 weeks after treatment, the transcriptional signature was shifted to that of neuronal differentiation and survival. This study demonstrated the use of hippocampal transcriptome profiling in uncovering the molecular basis of the atypical, anti- aging effects of THC microdose treatment in old mice.
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Project description:The study describes miRNA expression in colon tissue following delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) administration to chronically SIV-infected rhesus macaques. To identify the underlying molecular mechanisms underlying its anti-inflammatory effects, we simultaneously profiled miRNA and mRNA expression in colon of chronically simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques (RMs) administered either vehicle (VEH/SIV; n=9) or Δ9- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; THC/SIV; n=8). Relative to controls, differentially expressed miRNAs were ~2 fold higher in VEH/SIV than THC/SIV RMs. Proinflammatory miR-130a, miR-222 and miR-29b, Lipopolysaccharide-responsive miR-146b-5p and SIV-induced miR-190b were significantly upregulated in VEH/SIV RMs. Compared to VEH/SIV RMs, 10 miRNAs were significantly upregulated in THC-SIV RMs, among which miR-204 was confirmed to directly target MMP8, an extracellular matrix-degrading collagenase that was significantly downregulated in THC/SIV RMs. Moreover, THC/SIV RMs failed to upregulate proinflammatory miR-21, miR-141 and miR-222 and alpha/beta defensins, suggesting attenuated intestinal inflammation. Further, THC/SIV RMs showed higher expression of tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-3), anti-inflammatory MUC13, keratin-8 (stress protection), PROM1 (epithelial proliferation) and anti-HIV CCL5. Trichrome mason staining detected significant collagen deposition (fibrosis) in the paracortex and B cell follicular zones of axillary lymph nodes from all VEH/SIV but none of the THC/SIV RMs, thus demonstrating the ability of THC to prevent lymph node fibrosis, a serious irreversible consequence of HIV induced chronic inflammation. Furthermore, using flow cytometry, we showed that THC suppressed intestinal T cell proliferation/activation (Ki67/HLADR) and exhaustion (PD1) and increased the percentages of anti-inflammatory CD163+ macrophages. Finally, while THC did not affect CD4+ T cell levels, it significantly reduced CD8+ T cell percentages in blood at 150 and 180 days post SIV infection. These translational findings strongly support a role for differential miRNA/gene induction and T cell activation in THC-mediated suppression of intestinal inflammation in HIV/SIV and potentially other chronic inflammatory diseases of the intestine.
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Project description:Increased availability of cannabis and cannabinoid-containing products necessitates the need for understanding how exposure to these compounds can affect development. Using cannabinoid receptor-null zebrafish (cnr1-/- and cnr2-/-), we conducted experiments to assess the roles of these receptors in ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) developmental and behavioral toxicity. THC increased mortality and deformities (pericardial and yolk sac edemas, a reduction in size) in cnr1-/- and cnr2-/- fish. Conversely, CBD-induced malformations and mortality were significantly reduced in the cnr1-/- and cnr2-/- larvae. THC and CBD exposure caused significantly decreased larval behavior (96 hpf), however, decreased distance travelled was protected in the cnr1-/- and cnr2-/- fish, suggesting these receptors are responsible for mediating behavioral toxicity. Transcriptomic profiling in cnr+/+ embryos developmentally exposed to 4 μM THC or 0.5 μM CBD revealed that a significant portion of differentially expressed genes were targets of PPARγ, a predicted upstream regulator. In Cnr-positive embryos, co-exposure to the PPARγ inhibitor GW9662 and THC or CBD, there was increased toxicity compared to exposure with THC or CBD alone. Co-treatment in the cnr2-/- fish with GW9662 did not alter the CBD-induced decrease in activity. However, co-treatment with GW9662 did remove the protective effect observed in cnr1-/- fish treated to CBD alone. Collectively, these results indicate that PPARγ, Cnr1, and Cnr2 all play crucial roles in the developmental toxicity of THC and CBD.
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Project description:The study describes miRNA expression in intact duodenum following chronic delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) administration to SIV-infected rhesus macaques. Chronic Δ9-THC administration to uninfected macaques significantly and positively modulated intestinal miRNA expression by increasing the total number of differentially expressed miRNAs from 14 to 60 days post infection (DPI). At 60DPI, ~28% of miRNAs showed decreased expression in VEH/SIV compared to none in the THC/SIV group. Furthermore, compared to the VEH/SIV group, THC selectively upregulated the expression of miR-10a, miR-24, miR-99b, miR-145, miR-149 and miR-187 previously shown to target proinflammatory molecules. NOX4, a potent reactive oxygen species generator was confirmed as a direct miR-99b target. A significant increase in NOX4+ crypt epithelial cells was detected in VEH/SIV compared to the THC/SIV group. We speculate that miR-99b-mediated NOX4 downregulation may protect the intestinal epithelium from oxidative stress-induced damage.
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Project description:Cannabis use during pregnancy is associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, the underlying mechanisms and effects of cannabis on fetal development are relatively unknown. We determined the impact of chronic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, cannabis’s main psychoactive component) exposure on fetal development in a rhesus macaque model using advanced imaging combined with molecular and tissue studies. Animals were divided into control (n=5) or THC-exposed (n=5) groups, which received a daily THC edible pre-conception and throughout pregnancy. Animals underwent fetal brain T2-weighted MRI at gestational days 85 (G85), G110, G135 and G155 (term is ~G168) to assess brain development. All animals underwent cesarean delivery with fetal cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and brain collection at G155 for microRNA (miRNA) and histologic analysis. THC exposure did not demonstrate any fetal brain volumetric changes. However, histological findings in THC-exposed brains suggested brain dysregulation that may have long-term developmental implications. We identified two extracellular-vesicle-associated miRNAs (mir-448 and mir-199a-3p) with>2-fold change in CSF with maternal THC use. Amniotic fluid (AF) was collected at the 4 gestational ages (GA) and relative protein abundance changes measured with isobaric labeling quantitative proteomics. Changes in AF were observed across the GAs and in response to THC-treatment.
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