Macrophage Regnase-3 limits tissue inflammation and injury via alternative splicing of pre-mRNA
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA989583 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:RNA-binding proteins regulate posttranscriptional gene translation regulate but little is known about the cell type-specific functions of Regnase3. Here, we characterized the role of Regnase3 in macrophages using RankCre-Regnase3fl/fl mice. Single cell RNA sequencing demonstrated abundant Rank expression in kidney macrophages and a correlation with the induction of chemokines, macrophage phagocytosis and maturation upon kidney injury. In various kidney injury models, RankCre-Regnase3fl/fl mice showed more inflammatory macrophages, more kidney inflammation and injury, characterized by an increase in CCR2 positive leukocyte infiltration. Mechanistic in vitro studies revealed that Regnase3 suppresses macrophage polarization towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype modulates macrophage survival, migration and phagocytosis. In silico analysis suggests that Regnase-3 regulates the alternative splicing of inflammation-related pre-mRNAs such as pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and chemokine receptors. Thus, macrophage Regnase-3 limits tissue inflammation and injury via alternative splicing of pro-inflammatory pre-mRNAs.
2025-08-18 | GSE236259 | GEO
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Project description:A pre-mRNA Alternative Splicing Program Promotes Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis
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Project description:Regulation of lineage biases in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) is pivotal for balanced hematopoietic output. However, little is known about the mechanism behind lineage choice in HSPCs. Here, we show that mRNA decay factors Regnase-1 (Zc3h12a) and Regnase-3 (Zc3h12c) are critical for induction of myeloid lineage priming, restricting lymphoid differentiation in HSPCs. Regnase-1- and Regnase-3-mediated control of mRNA encoding Nfkbiz, a transcriptional and epigenetic regulator, was essential for balancing lymphoid/myeloid lineage output in HSPCs in vivo. Furthermore, single cell-assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq) analysis revealed that Regnase-1 and Regnase-3 control the epigenetic landscape on myeloid-related gene loci in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) via Nfkbiz. Consistently, an antisense oligonucleotide designed to inhibit Regnase-1- and Regnase-3-mediated Nfkbiz mRNA degradation primed HSCs toward myeloid lineages by enhancing Nfkbiz expression. Collectively, the collaboration between post-transcriptional control and chromatin remodeling by the Regnase-1/Regnase-3-Nfkbiz axis governs lineage priming, instructing HSC lineage specification.
2024-02-09 | GSE228923 | GEO
Project description:To investigate whether Dhx16 knockout affects alternative splicing of pre-mRNA in HSCs, we sorted Dhx16-deficient and control HSCs and performed ISO-Seq for full-length transcriptome sequencing.
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Project description:The fungus Exserohilum turcicum is the causal agent of northern corn leaf blight, a damaging maize (Zea mays) disease worldwide. Here, using an alternative splicing (AS) reporter system, we identified the secreted protein EtEC81 (Exserohilum turcicum effector 81), which modulates the AS of maize pre-mRNAs and negatively regulates the pathogenicity of E. turcicum. EtEC81 physically interacts with EtEC81-interactiNG protein 1 (ZmEIP1), which associates with maize spliceosome components, regulating AS and positively regulating the defense response against E. turcicum. EtEC81 binding further enhanced the effect of ZmEIP1 on AS.
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Project description:Post-transcriptional regulation mediated by RNA-binding proteins is essential for B cell development and differentiation. EZH2 is a key regulatory protein involved in B cell development and the germinal center response, and its expression is subject to alternative splicing regulation. Skipping of exon 14 in EZH2 disrupts its catalytic activity for H3K27me3 deposition. To identify proteins that regulate EZH2 alternative splicing in B cells, we performed an RNA pull-down assay using exon 14 together with part of intron 14 of EZH2 pre-mRNA, followed by mass spectrometry analysis of the pulled-down proteins.
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Project description:The RNase Regnase-1 is a master RNA regulator in macrophages and T cells that degrades cellular and viral RNA upon NF-kB signaling. The roles of the other Regnase family-members remain largely unknown. Here, we analyze Regnase-3 deficient mice, which develop hypertrophic lymph nodes. We used various mice with immune cell specific deletions of Regnase-3 to demonstrate that Regnase-3 acts specifically within myeloid cells. Regnase-3 deficiency systemically increased interferon signaling, which increased the proportion of immature B and innate immune cells and suppressed follicles and germinal center formation. Expression analysis revealed that Regnase-3 and Regnase-1 share protein degradation pathways. Nevertheless, Regnase-3 expression is specifically high in macrophages and transcriptionally controlled by interferon signaling. Although direct targets in macrophages remain unknown, Regnase-3 can bind, degrade and regulate mRNAs, such Zc3h12a encoding Regnase-1, in vitro. These data indicate that Regnase-3, like Regnase-1, is an RNase and essential for immune homeostasis, but has diverged as a key regulator for the interferon pathway in macrophages.
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Project description:Transcription and co-transcriptional pre-mRNA splicing are kinetically coupled as shown by the widespread effects of transcription speed on alternative splicing. The molecular basis for kinetic coupling is incompletely understood, but one potential mechanism is through elongation rate dependent alternative folding pathways of the nascent pre-mRNA. To search for RNA structures in nascent pre-mRNA, we modified SPLASH (1) (Sequencing of Psoralen Crosslinked, Ligated And Selected Hybrids) for use with Chromatin Associated RNA. We applied this new method called CAR-SPLASH to cells expressing WT and slow mutant pol II and identified >3000 intragenic RNA structures of which >400 are proximal to splice sites. ASO disruption of several structures identified by CAR-SPLASH that sequester splice sites changed alternative splicing outcomes in vivo. We identified three examples of novel regulatory elements we designate “RNA kinetic switches”. ASO disruption of these structures modified alternative splicing of NISCH Exon 18 GAK Exon 7 and MEGF8 Exon 24 in a way that depended on the rate of transcription elongation. These results demonstrate that individual RNA structures can mediate kinetic coupling between transcription and pre-mRNA splicing and that nascent RNA structures can serve as targets for splice modifying ASO’s.
2025-09-14 | GSE288524 | GEO
Project description:Transcription and co-transcriptional pre-mRNA splicing are kinetically coupled as shown by the widespread effects of transcription speed on alternative splicing. The molecular basis for kinetic coupling is incompletely understood, but one potential mechanism is through elongation rate dependent alternative folding pathways of the nascent pre-mRNA. To search for RNA structures in nascent pre-mRNA, we modified SPLASH (1) (Sequencing of Psoralen Crosslinked, Ligated And Selected Hybrids) for use with Chromatin Associated RNA. We applied this new method called CAR-SPLASH to cells expressing WT and slow mutant pol II and identified >3000 intragenic RNA structures of which >400 are proximal to splice sites. ASO disruption of several structures identified by CAR-SPLASH that sequester splice sites changed alternative splicing outcomes in vivo. We identified three examples of novel regulatory elements we designate “RNA kinetic switches”. ASO disruption of these structures modified alternative splicing of NISCH Exon 18 GAK Exon 7 and MEGF8 Exon 24 in a way that depended on the rate of transcription elongation. These results demonstrate that individual RNA structures can mediate kinetic coupling between transcription and pre-mRNA splicing and that nascent RNA structures can serve as targets for splice modifying ASO’s.
2025-09-14 | GSE288523 | GEO