Project description:We compared mRNA expression in alveolar macrophages between bleomycin–treated wild-type and S1pr2-/- mice, using DNA microarray analysis. In S1pr2-/- macrophages, 398 genes showed decreases to less than 50% of the levels in wild-type macrophages. In contrast, 122 genes showed more than 2.0-fold increases in S1pr2-/- macrophages compared with wild-type macrophages. The downregulated genes in S1pr2-/- mice included the following potentially fibrosis–related genes: profibrotic cytokines, chemokines, and the markers characteristic of classically activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) macrophages.
Project description:Hyperglycemia is an essential factor leading to micro- and macrovascular diabetic complications. Macrophages are key innate immune regulators of inflammation that undergo 2 major directions of functional polarization: classically (M1) and alternatively (M2) activated macrophages. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of hyperglycemia on transcriptional activation of M0, M1 and M2 human macrophages.
Project description:Human CD14 positive monocytes were purified from healthy volunteers’ blood and cultured in vitro for 4, 12, 24, 72 hours. While culturing, macrophages were activated alternatively with interleukin-4 (IL-4 100 ng/ml) or classically with interferon-gamma (IFNg 100 ng/ml)+tumor necrosis factor (TNF 50 ng/ml) or left without activation. Simultaneously, macrophages were also treated with vehicle (DMSO:ethanol) or 1mM synthetic PPARg agonist, Rosiglitazone. We used Affymetrix microarrays (U133Plus 2.0) to analyze activation and PPARg-induced gene expression changes. Monocytes from 3 donors were used and treated as indicated in Summary.
