Project description:To characterize the effect of microbiota on global gene expression in the distal small intestine during postnatal gut development we employed mouse models with experimental colonization by intestinal microbiota. Using microarray analysis to assess global gene expression in ileal mucosa at the critical stage of intestinal development /maturation associated with weaning, and asking how expression is affected by microbial colonization In the study presented here, preweaned and postweaned GF, SPF mouse small intestinal total RNAs were used. Also, 3-week-old gnotobiotic mouse as well as GF mouse small intestinal RNAs were used.
Project description:To characterize the effect of microbiota on global gene expression in the distal small intestine during postnatal gut development we employed mouse models with experimental colonization by intestinal microbiota. Using microarray analysis to assess global gene expression in ileal mucosa at the critical stage of intestinal development /maturation associated with weaning, and asking how expression is affected by microbial colonization
Project description:Diet influences the composition and diversity of mucosa-associated microbiota along the longitudinal axis of the pig gastrointestinal tract.
Project description:We used a DNA microarray chip covering 369 resistance types to investigate the relation of antibiotic resistance gene diversity with humansM-bM-^@M-^Y age. Metagenomic DNA from fecal samples of 123 healthy volunteers of four different age groups, i.e. pre-school Children (CH), School Children (SC), High School Students (HSS) and Adults (AD) were used for hybridization. The results showed that 80 different gene types were recovered from the 123 individuals gut microbiota, among which 25 were present in CH, 37 in SC, 58 in HSS and 72 in AD. Further analysis indicated that antibiotic resistance genes in groups of CH, SC and AD can be independently clustered, and those ones in group HSS are more divergent. The detailed analysis of antibiotic resistance genes in human gut is further described in the paper DNA microarray analysis reveals the antibiotic resistance gene diversity in human gut microbiota is age-related submitted to Sentific Reports The antibiotic resistance gene microarray is custom-designed (Roche NimbleGen), based on a single chip containing 3 internal replicated probe sets of 12 probes per resistance gene, covering the whole 315K 12-plex platform spots.
Project description:Gut microbiota dysbiosis characterizes systemic metabolic alteration, yet its causality is debated. To address this issue, we transplanted antibiotic-free conventional wild-type mice with either dysbiotic (“obese”) or eubiotic (“lean”) gut microbiota and fed them either a NC or a 72%HFD. We report that, on NC, obese gut microbiota transplantation reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis with decreased hepatic PEPCK activity, compared to non-transplanted mice. Of note, this phenotype is blunted in conventional NOD2KO mice. By contrast, lean microbiota transplantation did not affect hepatic gluconeogenesis. In addition, obese microbiota transplantation changed both gut microbiota and microbiome of recipient mice. Interestingly, hepatic gluconeogenesis, PEPCK and G6Pase activity were reduced even once mice transplanted with the obese gut microbiota were fed a 72%HFD, together with reduced fed glycaemia and adiposity compared to non-transplanted mice. Notably, changes in gut microbiota and microbiome induced by the transplantation were still detectable on 72%HFD. Finally, we report that obese gut microbiota transplantation may impact on hepatic metabolism and even prevent HFD-increased hepatic gluconeogenesis. Our findings may provide a new vision of gut microbiota dysbiosis, useful for a better understanding of the aetiology of metabolic diseases. all livers are from NC-fed mice only.
Project description:The ERC “MINERVA” project (GA 724734) aims at developing a multi-organ-on-a-chip engineered platform to recapitulate in vitro the main players involved in the MGBA crosstalk: the microbiota, the gut epithelium, the immune system, the blood-brain barrier and the brain. In this context, the gut epithelium represents a physiological barrier that separates the intestinal lumen from the systemic circulation, and in several pathological circumstances, seems that its permeability might significantly increase and allow the passage of biologically active molecules into the blood vessels surrounding the intestinal mucosa. In the present work, we present our MINERVA 2.0 device and our innovative gut-on-a-chip device obtained by culturing in MINERVA 2.0 and a human gut epithelial CaCo2 cell based model. In particular, we have cultured the cells under perfusion and have assessed cell behavior by addressing cellular viability, tight junction imaging, apparent permeability by FITC-Dextran and transepithelial electrical resistance evaluation. Transcriptomic profile was used to further elucidate the effects of dynamic perfusion on Caco-2 cells.
Project description:Gut dysbiosis is closely involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, it remains unclear whether IBD-associated gut dysbiosis plays a primary role in disease manifestation or is merely secondary to intestinal inflammation. Here, we established a humanized gnotobiotic (hGB) mouse system to assess the functional role of gut dysbiosis associated with two types of IBD - Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In order to explore the functional impact of dysbiotic microbiota in IBD patients on host immune responses, we analyzed gene expression profiles in colonic mucosa of hGB mice colonized with healty (HC), CD, and UC microbiota.