Endophytic fungi and phytohormone signaling can jointly influence growth–defense trade-offs in medicinal plants by reprogramming metabolism in a stage-dependent manner. To elucidate how the endophytic fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum FG and exogenous salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonat...

Immune system dysfunction leads to recurrent or severe infections, increased susceptibility to concurrent illnesses, and heightened risk of tumors. Current immunomodulators often carry side effects, whereas phytotherapy offers relative stability, making this therapeutic approach worthy of explora...