Streptococcus pneumoniae is the primary cause of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia with rates of penicillin and multi-drug resistance exceeding 80% and 40%, respectively. The innate immune response generates a variety of antimicrobial agents to control infection including zinc stres...
Respiratory viral co-infections in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) are common and cause severe clinical manifestations. However, the exact pathogenic mechanisms of MPP co-infections are still unclear. In this study, we conducted a large-scale clinical analysis of 3,106 MPP pat...
The precise mechanism by which butyrate-producing bacteria in the gut contribute to resistance to respiratory viral infections remains to be elucidated. Here, we describe a gut-lung axis mechanism and report that orally administered Clostridium butyricum (CB) enhances influenza virus infection re...