Root mutualistic microbes can modulate the production of plant secondary metabolites affecting plant–herbivore interactions. Still, the main mechanisms underlying the impact of root mutualists on herbivore performance remain ambiguous. In particular, little is known about how changes in the plant...
The induced capacity of plant growth-defense trade-offs under biotic stress is increasingly recognized. While many studies mainly focus on plants’ defense activation stage during insect attacks, limited attention has been given to post-stress recovery. Herein, leaves from normal and post-herbivor...