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Propylene glycol (PG) is a common carrier in e-vapor formulations and its properties have been extensively studied. In this 13-week subchronic nose-only inhalation study, Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to filtered air (sham control group), propylene glycol/water (PG/W; 90:10) or a propylene glycol...
ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus 
The toxicity and potential associated molecular mechanism of a reference cigarette, 3R4F and a prototypic modified risk tobacco products ((p)MRTP) were investigated with human bronchial epithelial cells using high-throughput screening and whole transcriptomics analysis.
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens 
The main constituents of electronic cigarette liquids are nicotine, propylene glycol (PG), and vegetable glycerin (VG), together with distilled water and flavors. To assess the toxicity of PG/VG mixtures with and without nicotine as basic components of liquids used in e-cigarettes, a 90-day rat inha...
ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus 
The main constituents of electronic cigarette liquids are nicotine, propylene glycol (PG), and vegetable glycerin (VG), together with distilled water and flavors. To assess the toxicity of PG/VG mixtures with and without nicotine as basic components of liquids used in e-cigarettes, a 90-day rat inha...
ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus 
While the toxicity of the main constituents of electronic cigarette (ECIG) liquids, nicotine, propylene glycol (PG), and vegetable glycerin (VG), has been assessed individually in separate studies, limited data on the inhalation toxicity of them is available when in mixtures. In this 90-day subchron...
ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus 
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