INTRODUCTION: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, often preceded by latent metabolic disruptions. Early detection of metabolic alterations can facilitate timely intervention to delay or prevent T2DM onset. Metaboli...

BACKGROUND: Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is the most prevalent valvular heart disease in developed countries with significant morbidity and mortality. Given the poor understanding of the pathophysiological processes leading to CAVS, we utilized a joint non-targeted metab...