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UnknownInbreeding estimates in human populations: Applying new approaches to an admixed Brazilian isolate.
The analysis of genomic data (~400,000 autosomal SNPs) enabled the reliable estimation of inbreeding levels in a sample of 541 individuals sampled from a highly admixed Brazilian population isolate (an African-derived quilombo in the State of São Paulo). To achieve this, different methods were appli...
S-EPMC5916862 | biostudies-literature
UnknownPrevalence and risk factors of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the ELSA-Brasil COVID-19 mental health cohort.

Background

There is mixed evidence on increasing rates of psychiatric disorders and symptoms during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020. We evaluated pandemic-related psychopathology and psychiatry diagnoses and their determinants in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of H...
S-EPMC8144814 | biostudies-literature
UnknownEffect of Intravenous Fluid Treatment With a Balanced Solution vs 0.9% Saline Solution on Mortality in Critically Ill Patients: The BaSICS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance

Intravenous fluids are used for almost all intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Clinical and laboratory studies have questioned whether specific fluid types result in improved outcomes, including mortality and acute kidney injury.

Objective

To determine the effect of a balan...
S-EPMC8356144 | biostudies-literature
UnknownTofacitinib in Patients Hospitalized with Covid-19 Pneumonia.

Background

The efficacy and safety of tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, in patients who are hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pneumonia are unclear.

Methods

We randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, hospitalized adults with Covid-19 pneumonia to receive either tof...
S-EPMC8220898 | biostudies-literature
UnknownImmunomodulators for immunocompromised patients hospitalized for COVID-19: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background

Although immunomodulators have established benefit against the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in general, it is uncertain whether such agents improve outcomes without increasing the risk of secondary infections in the specific subgroup of previously immunocompromised patients....
S-EPMC10867612 | biostudies-literature
UnknownA cluster randomized trial of a multifaceted quality improvement intervention in Brazilian intensive care units: study protocol.

Background

The uptake of evidence-based therapies in the intensive care environment is suboptimal, particularly in limited-resource countries. Checklists, daily goal assessments, and clinician prompts may improve compliance with best practice processes of care and, in turn, improve clinical ...
S-EPMC4342101 | biostudies-literature
UnknownOrganizational factors associated with adherence to low tidal volume ventilation: a secondary analysis of the CHECKLIST-ICU database.

Background

Survival benefit from low tidal volume (VT) ventilation (LTVV) has been demonstrated for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and patients not having ARDS could also benefit from this strategy. Organizational factors may play a role on adherence to ...
S-EPMC7266115 | biostudies-literature
UnknownEffect of Lung Recruitment and Titrated Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) vs Low PEEP on Mortality in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance

The effects of recruitment maneuvers and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration on clinical outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain uncertain.

Objective

To determine if lung recruitment associated with PEEP titration according ...
S-EPMC5710484 | biostudies-literature
UnknownMethotrexate and rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease.

Question addressed by the study

Methotrexate (MTX) is a key anchor drug for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management. Fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common complication of RA. Whether MTX exposure increases the risk of ILD in patients with RA is disputed. We aimed to evaluate the ...
S-EPMC8212188 | biostudies-literature
UnknownRationale, design, and baseline characteristics of the Acetylcystein for Contrast-Induced nephropaThy (ACT) Trial: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of acetylcysteine for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy.

Background

Aceltylcysteine has been evaluated in several small trials as a means of reducing the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), however systematic reviews of these studies do not provide conclusive answers. Therefore, a large randomized controlled trial (RCT) is needed to provid...
S-EPMC2706243 | biostudies-literature
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