Germinal center (GC) B cells depend on sustained epigenetic modulation to maintain transcriptional identity and support affinity maturation; however, whether mitochondrial metabolism directly enhances this chromatin state remains unclear. Here, we show that enhanced SIRT3 activity promotes glutam...

Macrophages play a critical role in the inflammatory response and tumor development. Macrophages are primarily divided into pro-inflammatory M1-like and anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages based on their activation status and functions. In vitro macrophage models could be derived from ...

This study systematically elucidates the hierarchical signaling regulatory network in aerobic granular sludge (AGS) by integrating dynamic analysis of quorum sensing signal molecules, microbial community structure profiling, and metabolomic characterization. The research reveals that c-di-GMP fun...