Project description:MM1.S cells stably transduced with control or beta-catenin shRNA were established. Total RNA was isolated from 5x 10^6 cells of each in triplicate. Experiment Overall Design: Comparative gene expression profiling in multiple myeloma.
Project description:Deregulation of canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is one of the earliest events in the pathogenesis of colon cancer. Mutations in APC or CTNNB1 (beta-catenin gene) are highly frequent in colon cancer and cause aberrant stabilization of b-catenin, which activates the transcription of Wnt target genes by binding to chromatin via the TCF/LEF transcription factors. Here we report an integrative analysis of genome-wide chromatin occupancy of b-catenin by chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) and gene expression profiling by microarray analysis upon RNAi-mediated knockdown of beta-catenin in colon cancer cells (GSE53656). Immunoprecipitated samples from human colon cancer SW480 cells with antibodies against beta-catenin and control IgG respectively were used for ChIP-seq experiments.
Project description:Deregulation of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is one of the earliest events in the pathogenesis of colon cancer. Mutations in APC or CTNNB1 are frequent in colon cancer and cause aberrant stabilization of beta-catenin, which activates Wnt target genes by binding to chromatin via TCF/LEF transcription factors. In a comprehensive study, we conducted an integrative analysis of genome-wide chromatin occupancy of beta-catenin by chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) along with gene expression profiling changes resulting from RNAi-mediated knockdown of beta-catenin in colon cancer cells. This experiment series represents the gene expression changes detected by microarray as a result of CTNNB1 perturbation. SW480 cells were transfected with control and beta-catenin siRNAs. Twenty-four hours after transfection, RNA was extracted from the cells using the RNeasy kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) and genome-wide cDNA microarray expression analysis was performed. The data reported here are the microarray data as processed by the standard Rosetta Resolver(R) ratio method for Agilent microarrays.
Project description:Deregulation of canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is one of the earliest events in the pathogenesis of colon cancer. Mutations in APC or CTNNB1 (beta-catenin gene) are highly frequent in colon cancer and cause aberrant stabilization of b-catenin, which activates the transcription of Wnt target genes by binding to chromatin via the TCF/LEF transcription factors. Here we report an integrative analysis of genome-wide chromatin occupancy of b-catenin by chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) and gene expression profiling by microarray analysis upon RNAi-mediated knockdown of beta-catenin in colon cancer cells (GSE53656).
Project description:Recent studies have implicated KDM3A, which catalyzes removal of H3K9 methylation, is associated with tumorigenesis. However, the biological role of KDM3A in multiple myeloma, has not been delineated. Here we identify KDM3A-KLF2-IRF4 axis dependence in multiple myeloma. We demonstrate that knockdown of KDM3A leads to apoptosis and significant growth inhibition in myeloma cells. Mechanistically, KDM3A directly regulates myeloma cell survival factor IRF4 expression through H3K9 demethylation at its promoter. We further show that KDM3A directly regulates KLF2 expression and that knockdown of KLF2 leads to growth inhibition in myeloma cells. The goal of this analysis is to identify genes whose expression changes after shRNA-mediated knockdown of KDM3A and KLF2 using the human U133 plus 2.0 Affymetrix GeneChip in myeloma cell line (RPMI8226). Two independent experiments were performed: 1. Myeloma cell line (RPMI8226) was transduced with either shRNAs targeting KDM3A (duplicate hairpins) or luciferase (control) in duplicate. The gene expression profiles of KDM3A knockdown cells were compared with that of control cells. A total of 6 RNA samples (4 KDM3A knockdown and 2 control) were analyzed. 2. Myeloma cell line (RPMI8226) was transduced with either shRNAs targeting KLF2 (duplicate hairpins) or luciferase (control) in duplicate. The gene expression profiles of KLF2 knockdown cells were compared with that of control cells. A total of 6 RNA samples (4 KLF2 knockdown and 2 control) were analyzed.
Project description:<p>During development of the human brain, multiple cell types with diverse regional identities are generated. Here we report a system to generate early human brain forebrain and mid/hindbrain cell types from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), and infer and experimentally confirm a lineage tree for the generation of these types based on single-cell RNA-Seq analysis. We engineered <i>SOX2<sup>Cit/+</sup></i> and <i>DCX<sup>Cit/Y</sup></i> hESC lines to target progenitors and neurons throughout neural differentiation for single-cell transcriptomic profiling, then identified discrete cell types consisting of both rostral (cortical) and caudal (mid/hindbrain) identities. Direct comparison of the cell types were made to primary tissues using gene expression atlases and fetal human brain single-cell gene expression data, and this established that the cell types resembled early human brain cell types, including preplate cells. From the single-cell transcriptomic data a Bayesian algorithm generated a unified lineage tree, and predicted novel regulatory transcription factors. The lineage tree highlighted a prominent bifurcation between cortical and mid/hindbrain cell types, confirmed by clonal analysis experiments. We demonstrated that cell types from either branch could preferentially be generated by manipulation of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. In summary, we present an experimentally validated lineage tree that encompasses multiple brain regions, and our work sheds light on the molecular regulation of region-specific neural lineages during human brain development.</p>
Project description:The regulation of gonadotropin synthesis by GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone) plays an essential role in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction. The known signaling mechanisms involved in gonadotropin synthesis have been expanding. For example, involvement of β-catenin in LHβ induction by GnRH has been discovered. We examined the role of β-catenin in FSHβ gene expression in LβT2 gonadotrope cells. GnRH caused a sustained increase in nuclear β-catenin levels, which was significantly reduced by JNK inhibition. siRNA-mediated knockdown of β-catenin mRNA demonstrated that induction of FSHβ mRNA by GnRH depended on β-catenin and that regulation of FSHβ by β-catenin occurred independently of the JNK-c-jun pathway. β-catenin depletion had no impact on FSHβ mRNA stability. In LβT2 cells transfected with FSHβ promoter luciferase fusion constructs, GnRH responsiveness was conferred by the proximal promoter (-944/-1), and was markedly decreased by β-catenin knockdown. However, none of the TCF/LEF binding sites in that region were required for promoter activation by GnRH. Chromatin immunoprecipitation further corroborated the absence of direct interaction between β-catenin and the 1.8 kb FSHβ promoter. To elucidate the mechanism for the β-catenin effect, we analyzed ~1 billion reads of next generation RNA sequencing β-catenin knockdown assays and selected the nuclear cofactor Brms1L as one candidate for further study. Subsequent experiments confirmed that Brms1L mRNA expression was decreased by β-catenin knockdown as well as by JNK inhibition. Furthermore, knockdown of Brms1L significantly attenuated GnRH-induced FSHβ expression. Thus, our findings indicate that the expression of Brms1L depends on β-catenin activity and contributes to FSHβ induction by GnRH.
Project description:Deregulation of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is one of the earliest events in the pathogenesis of colon cancer. Mutations in APC or CTNNB1 are frequent in colon cancer and cause aberrant stabilization of beta-catenin, which activates Wnt target genes by binding to chromatin via TCF/LEF transcription factors. In a comprehensive study, we conducted an integrative analysis of genome-wide chromatin occupancy of beta-catenin by chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) along with gene expression profiling changes resulting from RNAi-mediated knockdown of beta-catenin in colon cancer cells. This experiment series represents the gene expression changes detected by microarray as a result of CTNNB1 perturbation.
Project description:Androgen receptor (AR) is the major therapeutic target in aggressive prostate cancer. However, targeting AR alone can result in drug resistance and disease recurrence. Therefore, simultaneous targeting of multiple pathways could in principle be an effective new approach to treating prostate cancer. Here we provide proof-of-concept that a small molecule inhibitor of nuclear β-catenin activity (called C3) can inhibit both the AR and β-catenin signaling pathways that are often misregulated in prostate cancer. Treatment with C3 ablated prostate cancer cell growth by disruption of both β-catenin/TCF and β-catenin/AR protein interaction, reflecting the fact that TCF and AR have overlapping binding sites on β-catenin. Given that AR interacts with, and is transcriptionally regulated by β-catenin, C3 treatment also resulted in decreased occupancy of β-catenin on the AR promoter and diminished AR and AR/β-catenin target gene expression. Interestingly, C3 treatment resulted in decreased AR binding to target genes accompanied by decreased recruitment of an AR and β-catenin cofactor, CARM1, providing new insight into the unrecognized function of β-catenin in prostate cancer. Importantly, C3 inhibited tumor growth in an in vivo xenograft model, and blocked renewal of bicalutamide-resistant sphere forming cells, indicating the therapeutic potential of this approach. Compare and contrast the expression profile of prostate cancer cells treated with a Wnt inhibitor (C3) with respect to β-catenin and AR knockdown (all samples in duplicates).