Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Global Gene Expression in Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation with Ischemic Preconditioning

ABSTRACT: The clear benefits of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in reducing ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) remain indistinct in human liver transplantation. To further understand the mechanistic aspects of IPC in human deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT), we performed microarray analyses to determine global gene expression profiles associated with IPC administration. Donor and recipient characteristics in both groups were comparable. Clinical data from our study subset and larger trial were similar. IPC increased expression of 10 transcripts at either time point with roles in: antioxidant defenses, immunological response, lipid biosynthesis, and xenobiotic metabolism. IPC decreased the expression of 1 cell development related transcript. Conclusions: 1) IPC in DDLT increased the expression of antioxidant transcripts similar to studies in animal IPC, anesthetic, and remote IPC. 2) IPC increased expression of lipogenic transcripts, which may be relevant to the clinically observed increased IRI in our IPC group. 3) Our microarray findings support our clinical observations and are compatible with the varied outcomes of hepatic IPC studies in human liver transplantation. We conducted a nested sub-study in 12/101 subjects enrolled in a prospective randomized trial of 10 min IPC in DDLT during 2003-2006. Liver biopsies were performed at the end of cold storage and at 90 minutes after allograft reperfusion. Six biopsy pairs from both IPC and No IPC (STD) groups within a narrow donor risk index range were selected. Total RNA was extracted and hybridized with Affymetrix GeneChip Human Gene 1.0 ST Array. IPC effects were examined by comparing IPC vs. STD at both time points. Transcripts whose expression changed 2-fold with p<0.05 were considered significant.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: George Dikdan

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-15480 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:We examined, through an oligonucleotide microarray protocol, the renal differential transcriptome profiles of mices submitted to IRI, IPC and Hemin treatment. After identifying the profiles of differentially expressed genes observed for each comparison, we carried out functional enrichment analysis to reveal transcripts putatively involved in potential relevant biological processes and signaling pathways. The most relevant enriched biological processes found in these comparisons were stress, inflammation, apoptosis, pathways in cancer, differentiation, angiogenesis, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, ion transport, angiogenesis, mitosis and cell cycle, inflammatory response, olfactory transduction and regulation of actin cytoskeleton. In addition, the most important overrepresented pathways were MAPK, ErbB, JAK/STAT, Toll and Nod like receptors, Angiotensin II, Arachidonic acid metabolism, Wnt and coagulation cascade. Also, new insights were gained about the underlying protection mechanisms against renal IRI promoted by IPC and Hemin treatment. Venn diagram analysis allowed us to uncover common and exclusively differentially expressed genes between these two protective maneuvers, underscoring potential common and exclusive biological functions regulated in each case. In summary, IPC exclusively regulated the expression of genes belonging to stress, protein modification and apoptosis, highlighting the role of IPC in controlling exacerbated stress response. Treatment with the Hmox1 inducer Hemin, in turn, exclusively regulated the expression of genes associated with cell differentiation, metabolic pathways, cell cycle, mitosis, development, regulation of actin cytoskeleton and arachidonic acid metabolism, suggesting a pleiotropic effect for Hemin. According to surgery and treatment procedures, mices were divided into five groups: Control, Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), animals pre-treated with Hemin followed by IRI (Hemin + IRI), animals only treated with Hemin (Hemin) and animals pre-conditioned and submitted to IRI (IPC+IRI). To identify the consequences of IRI, Hemin treatment or IPC in gene expression profiles, the following statistical comparisons were made between the groups: IRI vs Control, IPC+IRI vs Control, IPC+IRI vs IRI, IRI+Hemin vs IRI and Hemin vs Control.

Project description:INTRODUCTION Ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI)-elicited tissue injury contributes to morbidity and mortality in a wide range of pathologies, including myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, acute kidney injury, trauma, circulatory arrest 1. Ischemia-reperfusion injury is also a major challenge during organ transplantation and cardiothoracic, vascular and general surgery 1. IRI, one of the biggest challenges for organ transplantation, continues to be a vital source of morbidity among recipients, especially in liver transplantation 2. With the enlarging shortage of available donor livers, the increased use of extended criteria donor grafts further increases IRI, adversely affecting both short-term and long-term outcomes of graft and patient survival 3. Numerous studies have investigated the benefits of pharmacological, heat shock, and ischemic preconditioning interventions aimed at decreasing liver IRI 4. However, the benefit was limited. Our center has been making great effort in conquering IRI and have developed a novel surgical technique called ischemia-free liver transplantation 5. It is an ultimate method to overcome IRI in liver transplantation, but there is still a long way to popularize it. As a result, it is still of great significance to study IRI and identify the core genes in the process and the underlying mechanism. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis has been increasingly important as a method to study various pathological and physiological condition 6. By enrolling multiple omics or combining different types of omics, comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was able to recognize key factors that could have potentially pathogenic impact such as gene expression, protein function, and downstream pathways. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technologies, several transcriptomic datasets on IRI of liver transplantation have become available in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Herein, we recruited 3 GEO datasets to conduct comprehensive analysis with the GEO dataset from our center. Moreover, we performed the first proteome of liver tissues to study liver IRI. Then the transcriptome and proteome were used for combined analysis to reveal key factors in liver IRI.

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Global Gene Expression in Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation with Ischemic Preconditioning

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