Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

Dataset Information

Transcription profiling of rat liver samples from animals fed lard, olive oil, coconut fat, or cod liver oil diets

ABSTRACT: High fat diet (HF) rodent models have contributed significantly to the dissection of the pathophysiology of the insulin resistance syndrome, but their phenotype varies distinctly between different studies. Here, we have analyzed gene expression patterns in livers of animals fed with different HF with varying fatty acid compositions. Experiment Overall Design: Male Wistar rats were fed with high fat diets (42 energy%, fat sources: lard, olive oil; coconut fat; cod liver oil). Weight, food intake, whole body insulin tolerance and plasma parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism were measured during a 12 week diet course. Liver histologies and hepatic gene expression profiles using AffymetrixR gene chips were obtained.

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

SUBMITTER: Roland Buettner

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-3512 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Defining high-fat-diet rat models: metabolic and molecular effects of different fat types.

Buettner R R Parhofer K G KG Woenckhaus M M Wrede C E CE Kunz-Schughart L A LA Schölmerich J J Bollheimer L C LC

Journal of molecular endocrinology 20060601 3

High-fat (HF)-diet rodent models have contributed significantly to the analysis of the pathophysiology of the insulin resistance syndrome, but their phenotype varies distinctly between different studies. Here, we have systematically compared the metabolic and molecular effects of different HF with varying fatty acid compositions. Male Wistar rats were fed HF diets (42% energy; fat sources: HF-L - lard; HF-O - olive oil; HF-C - coconut fat; HF-F - fish oil). Weight, food intake, whole-body insuli ...[more]

PMID: 16720718

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Project description:We studied the effect of dietary fat type, varying in polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio's (P/S) on development of metabolic syndrome. C57Bl/6J mice were fed purified high-fat diets (45E% fat) containing palm oil (HF-PO; P/S 0.4), olive oil (HF-OO; P/S 1.1) or safflower oil (HF-SO; P/S 7.8) for 8 weeks. A low-fat palm oil diet (LF-PO; 10E% fat) was used as a reference. Additionally, we analyzed diet-induced changes in gut microbiota composition and mucosal gene expression. The HF-PO diet induced a higher body weight gain and liver triglyceride content compared to the HF-OO, HF-SO or LF-PO diet. In the intestine, the HF-PO diet reduced microbial diversity and increased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Although this fits a typical obesity profile, our data clearly indicate that an overflow of the HF-PO diet to the distal intestine, rather than obesity itself, is the main trigger for these gut microbiota changes. A HF-PO diet-induced elevation of lipid metabolism-related genes in the distal small intestine confirmed the overflow of palm oil to the distal intestine. Some of these lipid metabolism-related genes were previously already associated with the metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, our data indicate that saturated fat (HF-PO) has a more stimulatory effect on weight gain and hepatic lipid accumulation than unsaturated fat (HF-OO and HF-SO). The overflow of fat to the distal intestine on the HF-PO diet induced changes in gut microbiota composition and mucosal gene expression. We speculate that both are directly or indirectly contributive to the saturated fat-induced development of obesity and hepatic steatosis. Keywords: Diet intervention study Nine-week-old C57Bl/6J mice were fed a low-fat diet (LF-PO) and three different types of high-fat diet, based on palm oil (HF-PO; P/S1.0), olive oil (HF-OO; P/S4.6) and safflower oil (HF-SO; P/S10.1) for 8 weeks. Body weight was recorded weekly and after 7 weeks of diet intervention an oral glucose tolerance test was performed. After 2 weeks of diet intervention, 6 mice per high-fat diet group were anaesthetized with a mixture of isofluorane (1.5%), nitrous oxide (70%) and oxygen (30%) and the small intestines were excised. Adhering fat and pancreatic tissue were carefully removed. The small intestines were divided in three equal parts along the proximal to distal axis (SI 1, SI 2 and SI 3) and microarray analysis was performed on mucosal scrapings.

Project description:The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MS) is rapidly increasing all over the world. Consequently, there is an urgent need for more effective intervention strategies. Both animal and human studies indicate that lipid oversupply to skeletal muscle can result in insulin resistance which is one of the charecteristices of the MS. C57BL/6J mice were fed a low fat (10 kcal%) palm oil diet or a high fat (45 kcal%; HF) palm oil diet for 3 or 28 days. By combining transcriptomics with protein and lipid analyses we aimed to better understand the molecular events underlying the early onset of the MS. Short-term HF-feeding led to altered expression levels of genes involved in a variety of biological processes including morphogenesis, energy metabolism, lipogenesis and immune function. Protein analysis showed increased levels of the myosin heavy chain, slow fiber type protein and the complexes II, III, IV and V of the oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, we observed that the main mitochondrial membrane phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, contained more saturated fatty acids. Altogether, these results point to a morphological as well as a metabolic adaptation by promoting a more oxidative fiber type. We hypothesize that after this early adaptation, a continued transcriptional down-regulation of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation will result in decreased oxidative capacity at a later stage. Together with increased saturation of phospholipids of the mitochondrial membrane this can result in decreased mitochondrial function which is a hallmark observed in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Keywords: diet intervention and time course In the present study we investigated the short versus the long term effects of a high fat diet on the mouse muscle transcriptome by performing a genome-wide analysis of high fat diet-responsive genes. C57BL/6J mice were fed a low fat (LF) diet (10 kcal% palm oil) or a high fat (HF) diet (45 kcal% palm oil) for 3 or 28 days. Total RNA samples (n = 6 per diet per time point) were individually hybridised tot the Affymatrix mouse genome 430 2.0 array.

Dataset Information

Transcription profiling of rat liver samples from animals fed lard, olive oil, coconut fat, or cod liver oil diets

Publications

Defining high-fat-diet rat models: metabolic and molecular effects of different fat types.

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