Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Expression profiles of microRNAs from lactating and non-lactating bovine mammary glands

ABSTRACT: miRNAs have been implicated in the regulation of milk protein synthesis and development of mammary gland. However, the function of miRNAs in regulating lactation is unclear. Therefore, the elucidation of miRNA expression profiles in MG provides a crucial entry into the understanding of the mechanisms of lactation initiation. Our present work is to examine miRNA expression profiles in bovine mammary gland, and to evaluate miRNAs function through the identification of differentially expressed miRNA between lactation and non-lactation mammary gland. Identification of novel miRNAs highlights the important function of low abundance and less conserved miRNAs. An interaction network of known miRNAs and their target genes around the lactation function was constructed to postulate the functional roles of miRNAs in mammary gland. This integrated analysis provides important information that will inspire further experimental investigations into the field of miRNAs and their targets during lactation. Examination of 2 different miRNA expression profilings in bovine mammary gland

ORGANISM(S): Bos taurus

SUBMITTER: Zhen Li

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-39000 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Background: The mammary gland is a dynamic organ that undergoes important physiological changes during reproductive cycles. Until now, data regarding the characterisation of miRNA in the mammary gland have been scarce and mainly focused on their abnormal expression in breast cancer. Our goal was to characterise the microRNA (miRNA) involved in mechanisms regulating the mammary function, with particular focus on the lactation stage Methodology/principal findings: Using high-throughput sequencing technology, an exhaustive repertoire of miRNA (miRNome) expressed in mouse and bovine mammary glands during established lactation was identified, characterised and compared. Furthermore, in order to obtain more information on miRNA loading in the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), the miRNome was compared with that obtained from RNA associated with the AGO2 protein (AGO2-miRNome) in mouse lactating mammary gland. This study enabled the identification of 164 and 167 miRNA in mouse and bovine, respectively. Among the 30 miRNA most highly expressed in each species, 24 were common to both species and six of them tended to be more highly expressed in lactating than in non-lactating mammary gland. The potential functional roles of these 24 miRNA were deduced using DIANA-miRPath software, based on miRNA/mRNA interactions. Moreover, seven putative novel miRNA were identified. Using DAVID analysis, it was concluded that the predicted targets of two of these putative novel miRNA are involved in mammary gland morphogenesis. Conclusion/significance: Our study provides an overview of the characteristics of lactating mouse and bovine mammary gland miRNA expression profiles. Moreover, species-conserved miRNA involved in this fundamental biological function were identified. These miRNomes will new be used as references for further studies during which the impact of animal breeding on the miRNA expression will be analysed. microRNA profiles of mammary glands from 2 FVB/N mice at lactation day-12 and mammary biopsies from 4 Holstein dairy cows at mid-lactation, generated by deep sequencing, using Illumina HiSeq 2000.

Project description:Background: The differential expression pattern of microRNAs (miRNAs) during mammary gland development might provide insights into their role in regulating the homeostasis of the breast epithelium. Our aim was to analyse these regulatory functions by deriving a comprehensive tissue-specific combined miRNA and mRNA expression profile of post-natal mouse mammary gland development. We measured the expression of 318 individual murine miRNAs by bead-based flow-cytometric profiling of whole mouse mammary glands throughout a 16-point developmental time course, including juvenile, puberty, mature virgin, gestation, lactation, and involution stages. In parallel whole-genome mRNA expression data were obtained. Results: One third (n = 102) of all murine miRNAs analysed were present during mammary gland development. MicroRNAs were represented in seven temporally co-expressed clusters, which were enriched for both miRNAs belonging to the same family and breast cancer-associated miRNAs. Global miRNA and mRNA expression was significantly reduced during lactation and the early stages of involution after weaning. For most detected miRNA families we did not observe systematic changes in the expression of predicted targets. For miRNA families whose targets did show significant changes, we observed inverse patterns of miRNA and target expression. The datasets are made publicly available and the combined expression profiles represent an important community resource for mammary gland biology research. Conclusions: MicroRNAs were expressed in co-regulated clusters during mammary gland development. Breast cancer-associated miRNAs were significantly enriched in these clusters. The mechanism and functional consequences of this miRNA co-regulation and its correlation with mRNA expression provide new avenues for research into mammary gland biology and generates candidates for functional validation. This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE15054: Characterisation of microRNA expression in post-natal mouse mammary gland development [gene] GSE15055: Characterisation of microRNA expression in post-natal mouse mammary gland development [miRNA] Refer to individual Series