ABSTRACT: Investigation of differences in gene expression between NHD13 mice with myelodysplastic syndrome and wild type littermates. RNA was harvested from Lineage negative Kit positive cells purified from mice transgenic for NHD13 or wild type littermates. Samples were pooled in groups of 3. 3 replicates were performed for each genotype.
Project description:The phenomenon of partial or incomplete penetrance is common to many paradigms of exposure to teratogens, where only some of the exposed individuals exhibit developmental defects. We here argue that the most widely used experimental approaches in reproductive toxicology do not take partial penetrance into account, and are thus likely to miss differences between affected and unaffected individuals that contribute to susceptibility for teratogenesis. We propose that focus on the variation between exposed individuals could help to discover factors that may play a causative role for abnormal developmental processes that occur with incomplete penetrance. Total RNA was extracted from individual embryos E10.5 derived from normal and diabetic pregnancies. A total of 8 sample pools were created, 4 resultiing from normal (C1-C4) and 4 from diabetic (E1-E4) pregnancies. Each pool consisted of RNA from 4 embryos obtained from 4 different pregnancies. Samples E5-E8 consisted of individual embryos with NT defects obtained from diabetic pregnancies.
Project description:Mouse models have proven invaluable for understanding erythropoiesis. Here, we describe an autosomal recessive inherited anemia in the mouse mutant hem6. Hematologic and transplantation analyses revealed a mild, congenital, hypochromic, microcytic anemia intrinsic to the hematopoietic system that is associated with a decreased red blood cell zinc protoporphyrin to heme ratio, indicative of porphyrin insufficiency. Iron uptake experiments showed that hem6 reticulocytes are defective in heme production, but not cellular iron uptake defects. Male hem6 mice are infertile due to defects in sperm structure and motility. Through positional cloning and BAC complementation, we identified the gene responsible for the hem6 anemia. We hypothesized that the relative deficiency in erythroid-specific mRNAs in hem6 reticulocytes might be due to decreased mRNA stability. Indeed, serial microarray analysis of reticulocytes aged in vitro showed that numerous, abundantly expressed erythroid-specific transcripts decayed at faster rates in hem6 reticulocytes compared to control reticulocytes. Furthermore, these mRNAs also have progressively shorter poly (A) tails, suggesting a mechanism for the increased rate of decay. Keywords: serial time points Reticulocyte rich blood were collected and cultured ex vivo for 24 hours, samples were collected at 0, 12,24 hours for microarray analysis. There are 3 wild type (wt) biological replicates and 5 mutant (mut) biological replicates in each time point.
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of E14.5 XY germ cells (marked with Oct4-EGFP transgene) from two strain backgrounds (C57BL/6J and 129S1/SvImJ) that differ in their susceptibility to testicular teratomas. Two condition experiment. For each sample, Oct4-EGFP+ germ cells from all XY embyos within a litter were pooled. For the C57BL/6J background, n=3 pooled biological replicates were profiled, and n=2 replicates were obtained and profiled for 129S1/SvImJ.
Project description:In order to better understand the molecular basis for the heart defects seen in Zic3 null and epiblast CKO embryos, we investigated whether complete or epiblast-specific deletion of Zic3 would impact later embryonic heart development at the transcriptional level by whole genome expression microarray. The whole heart was carefully dissected out from 15.5 dpc Zic3 +/y, Zic3 flox/y, Zic3 flox/y; Sox2-cre, and Zic3 -/y embryos, total RNAs were extracted and purified using RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN). Spectrophotometry (NanoDrop-1000 Spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific) and microfluidic electrophoresis (Experion Automated Electrophoresis System, Bio-Rad Laboratories) were used for RNA quality control. In vitro transcription was performed using Illumina TotalPrep RNA Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems/Ambion). cRNAs were hybridized onto Illumina MouseWG-6 v2.0 Expression BeadChips (Illumina) per manufacturer’s instructions.
Project description:Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are a promising source of cells for applications in regenerative medicine. Directed differentiation of hPSCs into specialized cells such as spinal motoneurons or midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons has been achieved. However the effective use of hPSCs for cell therapy has lagged far behind. While mouse PSC-derived DA neurons have shown efficacy in models of Parkinson’s disease, DA neurons derived from human PSCs generally display poor in vivo performance. There are also considerable safety concerns for hPSCs related to their potential for teratoma formation or neural overgrowth. Here we present a novel floor plate-based strategy for the derivation of human DA neurons that efficiently engraft, suggesting that past failures were due to incomplete specification rather than a specific vulnerability of the cells. Midbrain floor plate precursors are derived from hPSCs in days following exposure to small molecule activators of sonic hedgehog (SHH) and canonical WNT signaling. Engraftable midbrain DA neurons are obtained by day 25 and can be maintained in vitro for several months. Extensive in vitro molecular profiling, biochemical and electrophysiological data define developmental progression and confirm identity of hPSC-derived midbrain DA neurons. In vivo survival and function is demonstrated in PD animal models in three host species. Long-term engraftment in 6-OHDA-lesioned mouse and rats demonstrates robust survival of midbrain DA neurons, complete restoration of amphetamine-induced rotation behavior and improvements in tests of forelimb use and akinesia. Finally, scalability is demonstrated by transplantation into Parkinsonian monkeys. Excellent DA neuron survival, function and lack of neural overgrowth in the three animal models tested indicate considerable promise for the development of cell based therapies in PD. Differentiated hESC with three conditions (LSB, LSB/S/F8, LSB/S/F8/CHIR) were subjected to RNA extraction in specific timepoint (day 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 25) and hybridization on Illumina microarrays. Each sample has 3 or 4 biological repeats. Based on previous study* of dual SMAD inhibition neural induction, we developed new midbrain dopamine neuron protocol. It depends on time specific treatment of below factors (LSB/S/F8/CHIR): L (LDN193189 (BMP inhibitor) , day 0-11), SB (SB431542 (TGF-b signal inhibitor), day 0-5), S (SHH + Purmorphamine (Smo agonist), day 1-7), F8 (FGF8, day 1-7) and CHIR (CHIR99021 (GSK3b inhibitor), day 3-13) LSB and LSB/S/F8 are limited control conditions of dual SMAD only (LSB) or traditional patterning with Sonic and FGF (LSB/S/F8) *Chambers,S.M. et al. Highly efficient neural conversion of human ES and iPS cells by dual inhibition of SMAD signaling. Nat. Biotechnol. 27, 275-280 (2009).
Project description:Global gene expression analysis of induced pluripotent stem cell lines and their corresponding source cells Total RNA was harvested from H9 hESC (P51), non-integrated episomal CB-iPSC clones 6.2, 6.11, 6.13, (P14), 19.11, (P11), nonviral KER-iPSC clones KA.1, KA.3 (P13) nonviral FFB-iPSC: F.1, F.6 (P14) and viral fibroblast iPSC clones IMR1 (P66), IMR4 (P64). A single sample of each condition was used for this analysis.
Project description:The inherited neurodegenerative disease Friedreichâ??s ataxia (FRDA) is caused by hyperexpansion of GAAâ?¢TTC trinucleotide repeats within the first intron of the FXN gene, encoding the mitochondrial protein frataxin. Long GAAâ?¢TTC repeats causes heterochromatin-mediated silencing and loss of frataxin in affected individuals. We report the derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from FRDA patient fibroblasts through retroviral transduction of transcription factors. FXN gene repression is maintained in the iPSCs, as are the mRNA and miRNA global expression signatures reflecting the human disease. GAAâ?¢TTC repeats uniquely in FXN in the iPSCs exhibit repeat instability similar to patient families, where they expand and/or contract with discrete changes in length between generations. The mismatch repair enzyme Msh2, implicated in repeat instability in other triplet repeat diseases, is highly expressed in the iPSCs, occupies FXN intron 1, and shRNA silencing of Msh2 impedes repeat expansion, providing a possible molecular explanation for repeat expansion in FRDA. 65 samples from various number of tissue, primary cell lines undifferenatiated human embryonic stem cell lines, induces pluripotent stem cell lines have been run on Illumina HT12 v3 chips.
Project description:In response to skeletal muscle injury, adult myogenic stem cells, known as satellite cells, are activated and undergo proliferation and differentiation to regenerate new muscle fibers. The skeletal muscle-specific microRNA, miR-206, is up-regulated in satellite cells following muscle injury, but its role in muscle regeneration has not been defined. Here we show that skeletal muscle regeneration in response to cardiotoxin injury is impaired in mice lacking miR-206. Loss of miR-206 also accelerates and exacerbates the dystrophic phenotype of mdx mice, a model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. MiR-206 promotes satellite cell differentiation and fusion to form multinucleated myofibers by suppressing a collection of negative regulators of myogenesis. Our findings reveal an essential role for miR-206 in satellite cell differentiation during skeletal muscle regeneration and as a modulator of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. total RNA obtained from TA muscle of mdx and 3 miR-206 KO; mdx mice at 3 months of age.
Project description:DBC1 KO B cells were either unstimulated, activated with anti-IgM, anti-CD40 of LPS for 4 hours. Genes differentially expressed in DBC1 KO B cells were compared to WT B cells. RNA was collected from unstimulated for stimulated B cells, and gene expression between WT and DBC1 KO B cells were compared
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE35027: Global gene expression analysis of human embryonic stem cells, adult fibroblasts , and CD34+ cord blood (CB) cells before, during, and afer their episomal induction of pluripotency GSE35028: Global gene expression analysis of pluripotent cell lines and corresponding starting donor source cells Refer to individual Series