Expression data (U133 Plus 2.0) from fibroblast like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA-FLS) stimulated by DcR3
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ABSTRACT: Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily, competitively binds and inhibits members of the TNF family, including Fas ligand (FasL), LIGHT, and TL1A. DcR3 was recently reported not only to act as a decoy receptor for these TNFRs but also to play a role as a ligand for the pathogenesis of RA. We hypothesized that DcR3 regulates the gene expression in RA-FLS. We used to search for genes in which expression in RA-FLS is regulated by the ligation of DcR3. RA-FLS were obtained from 4 RA patients (sample1-4). Each sample was incubated with control IgG1 or human DcR3-Fc. Gene expression in RA-FLS stimulated by DcR3-Fc was compared with that of their respective unstimulated controls.
Project description:TNF-like ligand 1A (TL1A) is a member of TNF receptor superfamily and involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases by inducing apoptosis via intracellular death domain or promoting inflammation through the activation of NFM-NM-:B by binding to its specific receptor death receptor 3 (DR3). Meanwhile, decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) competitively binds soluble TL1A in addition to Fas-ligand (FasL) and LIGHT and inhibits the signaling of TL1A via DR3. DcR3 overexpressed in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts (RA-FLS) stimulated with inflammatory cytokines such as TNFM-NM-1 or IL-1M-NM-2 inhibits Fas-induced apoptosis. In contrast, DcR3 inhibited cell proliferation induced by inflammatory cytokines via membrane-bound TL1A expressed on RA-FLS. Therefore, TL1A-DcR3/DR3 signaling may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA by modulating apoptosis and proliferation of RA-FLS. We hypothesized that TL1A regulates the gene expression in RA-FLS. We used to search for genes in which expression in RA-FLS is regulated by the ligation of TL1A. RA-FLS were obtained from 4 RA patients (sample1-4). Each sample was incubated with either 1.0 M-NM-<g/ml recombinant human TL1A protein or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) diluted with serum-free Opti-MEM medium as non-stimulated control for 12 hours at 37M-BM-0C with 5% CO2. Gene expression in RA-FLS stimulated by TL1A was compared with that of their respective non-stimulated controls.
Project description:Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily, competitively binds and inhibits members of the TNF family, including Fas ligand (FasL), LIGHT, and TL1A. DcR3 was recently reported not only to act as a decoy receptor for these TNFRs but also to play a role as a ligand for the pathogenesis of RA. We hypothesized that DcR3 regulates the gene expression in RA-FLS. We used to search for genes in which expression in RA-FLS is regulated by the ligation of DcR3.
Project description:TNF-like ligand 1A (TL1A) is a member of TNF receptor superfamily and involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by inducing apoptosis via intracellular death domain or promoting inflammation through the activation of NFκB by binding to its specific receptor death receptor 3 (DR3). Meanwhile, decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) competitively binds soluble TL1A in addition to Fas-ligand (FasL) and LIGHT and inhibits the signaling of TL1A via DR3. Therefore, TL1A-DcR3/DR3 signaling may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA by modulating apoptosis and proliferation of RA-FLS. We hypothesized that TL1A regulates the gene expression in RA-FLS. We used to search for genes in which expression in RA-FLS is regulated by TL1A.
Project description:TNF-like ligand 1A (TL1A) is a member of TNF receptor superfamily and involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases by inducing apoptosis via intracellular death domain or promoting inflammation through the activation of NFκB by binding to its specific receptor death receptor 3 (DR3). Meanwhile, decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) competitively binds soluble TL1A in addition to Fas-ligand (FasL) and LIGHT and inhibits the signaling of TL1A via DR3. DcR3 overexpressed in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts (RA-FLS) stimulated with inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα or IL-1β inhibits Fas-induced apoptosis. In contrast, DcR3 inhibited cell proliferation induced by inflammatory cytokines via membrane-bound TL1A expressed on RA-FLS. Therefore, TL1A-DcR3/DR3 signaling may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA by modulating apoptosis and proliferation of RA-FLS. We hypothesized that TL1A regulates the gene expression in RA-FLS. We used to search for genes in which expression in RA-FLS is regulated by the ligation of TL1A.
Project description:We tested the role of distinct STM populations in the modulation of synovial tissue environment in ex vivo STM-FLS micro co-cultures. We first FACS-sorted total synovial tissue fibroblasts as we described previously from biopsies of RA patients. FLS were seeded at 3000/well alone or in contact with either 3000/well FACS-sorted MerTK/CD206neg or MerTK/CD206pos STMs from patients with active or remission RA respectively for 48h. The modulatory effect on the FLS was evaluated by comparing their expression of 446 immune/stromal genes (scRNAseq BD Rhapsody) 32,141 FLS were evaluated. FLS cells cultured alone exhibited 4 distinct activation states: FLS cluster 1 (FLS1) expressed extracellular matrix proteins (e.g. COL1A1, COL1A2) and TGFb (TGFBI, TGFB3); FLS2 expressed cell adhesion molecules (e.g. ITGB2, SELPLG); FLS3 expressed receptors for TGFb and resolvin (e.g.CMKLR1 and TGFBR1); and FLS4 expressed high levels of glycolytic enzymes and proliferation markers (e.g. LDHA, PGK1, ENO1 and PCNA). Interestingly, upon co-culture with MerTK/CD206neg an additional fifth cluster (FLS5) emerged with inflammatory properties In contrast to inflammatory effect of the MerTK/CD206neg STMs on FLS, the MerTK/CD206pos population, especially that isolated from biopsies of RA patients in sustained disease remission, induced repair response of FLS as manifested by increased expression of collagens (e.g. COL1A) and TGFb response genes (e.g. TGFBI) Importantly, MerTK/CD206neg and MerTK/CD206pos STMs isolated from the biopsies of the same patient (either with active RA or RA in remission) elicited these divergent FLS responses. These suggest that these two distinct STM populations play opposing role in synovium (pro-inflammatory versus protective).
Project description:Fas ligand (FasL)/TNFSF6, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, can promote apoptosis in activated primary B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, and synovial fibroblasts through Fas and is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Meanwhile, decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) competitively binds soluble FasL in addition to TL1A and LIGHT and inhibits the signaling of FasL via Fas. Therefore, FasL-DcR3/Fas signaling may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA. We hypothesized that FasL regulates the gene expression in RA-FLS. We used to search for genes in which expression in RA-FLS is regulated by FasL.
Project description:Rheumatoid synoviocytes, which consist of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and synovial macrophages (SM), are crucial for the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Particularly, FLS of RA patients (RA-FLS) exhibit invasive characteristics reminiscent of cancer cells, destroying cartilage and bone, although it remains unresolved how RA-FLS exhibit invasive phenotype. RA-FLS and SM originate differently from mesenchymal and myeloid cells, respectively, but share many pathologic functions. However, the molecular signatures and biological networks representing the distinct and shared features of the two cell types are unknown. Presently, we performed global transcriptome profiling of FLS and SM obtained from RA and osteoarthritis patients. By comparing the transcriptomes, we identified distinct molecular signatures and cellular processes defining invasiveness of RA-FLS and pro-inflammatory properties of RA synovial macrophages (RA-SM), respectively. Interestingly, under interleukin1β-stimulated condition, RA-FLS newly acquired pro-inflammatory signature mimicking RA-SM without losing invasive properties. We next reconstructed a network model that delineates the shared, RA-FLS-dominant (invasive), and RA-SM-dominant (inflammatory) processes. From the network model, we selected 13 genes, including POSTN and TWIST1, as novel regulator candidates responsible for FLS invasiveness. Of note, POSTN and TWIST1 expressions were elevated in independent RA-FLS and were further instigated by interleukin1β. In vitro functional assays demonstrated the requirement of POSTN and TWIST1 for migration and invasion of RA-FLS stimulated with interleukin1β. Taken together, our systems approach to rheumatoid synovitis provides a basis for identifying novel regulators responsible for pathological features of RA-FLS and RA-SM, demonstrating how a certain type of cells acquires functional redundancy under chronic inflammatory conditions. To identify molecular signatures of FLS and MLS in RA joints, we isolated FLS from synovial tissues of RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients, obtained synovial macrophages from synovial fluid of RA patients, and differentiated control macrophages from peripheral blood of healthy subjects. Also, we stimulated FLS with IL1β, and then analyzed gene expression profiles of both IL1β-stimulated RA-FLS and OA-FLS
Project description:Inflammation-mediated oncogenesis has been implicated in a variety of cancer types. Rheumatoid synovial tissues can be viewed as a tumor-like mass, consisting of hyperplastic fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). FLSs of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have pro-migratory and invasive characteristics, which may be caused by chronic exposure to genotoxic stimuli, including hypoxia and growth factors. We tested whether a transformed phenotype of RA-FLSs is associated with placental growth factor (PlGF), a representative angiogenic growth factor induced by hypoxia. Here, we identified PlGF-1 and PlGF-2 as the major PlGF isoforms in RA-FLSs. Global gene expression profiling revealed that cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and cell migration were mainly represented by differentially expressed genes in RA-FLSs transfected with siRNA for PlGF. Indeed, PlGF-deficient RA-FLSs showed a decrease in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, but an increase in apoptotic death in vitro. PlGF gene overexpression resulted in the opposite effects. Moreover, exogeneous PlGF-1 and PlGF-2 increased survival, migration, and invasiveness of RA-FLSs by binding their receptors, Flt-1 and NP-1, up-regulating the expression of anti-apoptotic molecules, pErk and Bcl2. Knock-down of PlGF transcripts reduced RA-FLS proliferation in a xeno-transplantation model. Collectively, in addition to their role for neovascularization, PlGF-1 and -2 promote proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion of RA-FLSs in an autocrine and paracrine manner. These results demonstrated how primary cells of mesenchymal origin acquired an aggressive and transformed phenotype. PlGF and its receptors thus offer new targets for anti-FLS therapy. The FLSs were prepared from the synovial tissues of RA patients and incubated in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS. Cells were cultured in RPMI supplemented with 10% FBS. There are 4 FLS samples treated with PlGF siRNA, and 4 FLS samples treated with control siRNA.
Project description:TNFalpha and IL1beta play a pathogenic role in rheumatoid arthritis. Both cytokines are known to activate cytokine and metalloproteinase secretion by synovial fibroblasts. In the present study, we wanted to investigate whether TNFalpha and IL1beta displayed differential effects on cultured Fibroblast-like Synovial Cells derived from RA patients. Global gene expression analyses indicated that both cytokines induced similar genes in these cells. Fibroblast-like cells (FLS) were purified from synovial biopsies from RA patients. Briefly, minced synovial fragments were digested in 1 mg/ml hyaluronidase solution (Sigma Aldrich, St Louis, MO) for 15 minutes at 37M-BM-0C and 6 mg/ml collagenase type IV (Invitrogen, Paisley, UK) for 2 hours at 37M-BM-0C. Next, cells were washed, resuspended in high-glucose DulbeccoM-bM-^@M-^Ys Modified Eagle Medium (Invitrogen) supplemented with 1% antibiotics-antimycotics (Invitrogen) and 1% MEM sodium pyruvate (Invitrogen), and seeded at 10,000 cells/cm2 in 6-well plates. When the cells reached confluence, adherent cells were detached using sterile 0.5% trypsin-EDTA (Invitrogen) and used as FLS between passages 3 and 9. Cells were seeded in 24-well plated at 25.000/well and incubated overnight with or without the following cytokines : TNF-M-NM-1 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) 10 ng/ml, IL-1M-NM-2 (R&D Systems) 10 ng/ml. After overnight incubation with the indicated cytokines, cells were harvested and total RNA was extracted using the NucleospinM-BM-. RNA II extraction kit (Macherey-Nagel, DM-CM-<ren, Germany), in order to be labeled according to a standard Affymetrix procedure and hybridized on HGU133 Plus 2.0 Human Genome slides.
Project description:LIGHT/TNFSF6, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, can promote apoptosis in activated primary B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, and synovial fibroblasts through Fas and is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Meanwhile, decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) competitively binds soluble LIGHT in addition to TL1A and FasL and inhibits the signaling of LIGHT via HEVN and. Therefore, LIGHT-DcR3/HEVN/ signaling may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA. We hypothesized that LIGHT regulates the gene expression in RA-FLS. We used to search for genes in which expression in RA-FLS is regulated by LIGHT.