Expression data from glioblastoma cells after ZFHX4 or CHD4 suppression.
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ABSTRACT: ZFHX4 and CHD4 suppression independently shift tumor initiating cells out of a stem like state and toward a differentiated morphology. After gene suppression via transduction of a lentivirally mediated shRNA construct, RNA was extracted 3 and 5 days later and was hybridized on Affymetrix microarrays. Total RNA was extracted 3 and 5 days after shRNA transduction of 0308 TICs, for 3 (for CHD4) or 5 (ZFHX4) independent experiments. Complementary RNA synthesis and hybridization/scanning of U133 plus 2.0 microarrays using GeneChip products (Affymetrix) was done as described in the GeneChip manual.
Project description:ZFHX4 and CHD4 suppression independently shift tumor initiating cells out of a stem like state and toward a differentiated morphology. After gene suppression via transduction of a lentivirally mediated shRNA construct, RNA was extracted 3 and 5 days later and was hybridized on Affymetrix microarrays.
Project description:Glioblastomas (GBM) harbor subpopulations of therapy-resistant tumor initiating cells (TICs) that are self-renewing and multipotent. To understand the regulation of the TIC state, we performed an image-based screen for genes regulating GBM TIC maintenance and identified ZFHX4, a 397-kDa transcription factor. ZFHX4 is required to maintain TIC-associated phenotypes in vitro, suggesting that ZFHX4 regulates TIC differentiation, and its suppression increases glioma-free survival in intracranial xenografts. ZFHX4 interacts with CHD4, a core member of the NuRD (nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase) complex. ZFHX4 and CHD4 bind to overlapping sets of genomic loci and control similar gene expression programs. Using expression data derived from GBM patients, we demonstrate ZFHX4 is a master regulator of CHD4-mediated gene expression. These observations define ZFHX4 as a regulatory factor that links the chromatin remodeling NuRD complex and the GBM TIC state. Examination of binding of ZFHX4 and CHD4 across the human genome, using the 0308 tumor initiating cell line. Two replicates for each protein, compared to whole cell extract inputs.
Project description:The goal of this study was to explore in detail how the chromatin remodeler and NuRD subunit CHD4 controls the oncogenic signature of the tumor driver and fusion protein PAX3-FOXO1 in fusion-positive rhabdomyosarcoma. To this aim, we defined the interactome of CHD4 by LC-MS, identified its location in the genome by ChIP-seq, assessed its influence on DNA accessibility by DNase I hypersensitivity assays, and determined its target genes by RNA-seq.
Project description:We determine the impact of auxiliary domains on the nucleosome sliding activity of CHD4. This dataset comprises the crosslinking mass spectrometry data we reported.
Project description:Maintenance and self-renewal of the spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) population is the cornerstone of male fertility. In this manuscript we have identified a key role for the nucleosome remodelling protein Chromodomain Helicase DNA binding protein 4 (CHD4) in regulating SSC function. Gene expression analyses revealed that CHD4 expression is largely restricted to spermatogonia in the mouse testis, and is particularly enriched in SSCs. Using spermatogonial transplantation techniques and RNAi mediated knockdown it was established that loss of Chd4 expression significantly impairs SSC regenerative capacity, resulting in a ~50% reduction in colonisation of recipient testes. A single cell RNA-seq comparison depicted reduced expression of ‘self-renewal’ genes such as Gfra1 and Pten following Chd4 knockdown, along with increased expression of signature progenitor genes, Neurog3 and Dazl. Co-immunoprecipitation analyses demonstrated that CHD4 regulates gene expression in spermatogonia not only though its traditional association with the remodelling complex NuRD, but also via interaction with the GDNF-responsive transcription factor SALL4. Cumulatively, the results of this study depict a previously unappreciated fundamental role for CHD4 in controlling fate decisions in the spermatogonial pool.
Project description:The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), considered essential for metastatic cancer, has been a focus of much research, but important questions remain. Here, we show that silencing or removing H2A.X, a histone H2A variant involved in cellular DNA repair and robust growth, induced mesenchymal-like characteristics including activation of EMT transcription factors, Slug and ZEB1, in HCT116 human colon cancer cells. Ectopic H2A.X re-expression partially reversed these changes; as did silencing Slug and ZEB1. In an experimental metastasis model, the HCT116 parental and H2A.X-null cells exhibited similar metastases levels, but the cells with re-expressed H2A.X exhibited substantially elevated levels. We surmise that H2A.X re-expression led to partial EMT reversal and increased robustness in the HCT116 cells, permitting them to both form tumors and to metastasize. In a human adenocarcinoma panel, H2A.X levels correlated inversely with Slug and ZEB1 levels. Together, these results point to H2A.X as a novel regulator of EMT. 9 samples in total including 4 replicates of control shRNA and 5 replicates of shH2A.X.
Project description:Most cancer genomics papers to date have focused on aberrations in genomic DNA and protein-coding transcripts. However, around 50% of transcripts have no coding potential and may exist as non-coding RNA. We performed RNA-seq in BRAFv600e melanoma skin cancer and on melanocytes over-expressing oncogenic BRAF to catalog transcriptome remodeling. We discovered that BRAF regulates expression of 1027 protein coding transcripts, 39 annotated lncRNAs and 70 novel transcripts. Many of the novel transcripts are lncRNAs. We used an indepenedent dataset to interrogate our novel transcripts and found that the novel lncRNA BLNCR1 is a BRAF-regulated lncRNA recurrently upregulated in melanoma. Knockdown of BLNCR1 impairs melanoma cell migration. To identify genes regulated by BLNCR1 we perrformed shRNA knockdown experiments using 2 independent shRNA sequences in col829 melanoma cells. RNA was then extracted for microarray analysis.
Project description:Affinity purifications of CHD4 and CDK2AP2 to identify their interactors. The C-terminally tagged CHD4 has a C-terminal truncation to test whether this domain is required for the interaction with other NuRD subunits. GFP-purifications of both N- and C-terminally tagged CDK2AP2 were performed.
Project description:Neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes (NMC) were cultured in normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (3% O2) with and without a lentiviral shRNA-mediated knockdown of Hif1-alpha. Total RNA was extracted from NMC using RNeasy kit, cDNA was synthesized using GeneChip WT cDNA Synthesis and Amplification kit (Affymetrix 900673) and hybridised to Affymetrix mouse high-resolution AltSplice microarrays.
Project description:To identify differentially expressed genes following TIGAR knockdown, OVCA420* was transduced with TIGAR-targeting or non-targeting (control) shRNAs. 54 hours after the transduction, RNA was extracted and Illumina TruSeq RNA Sample Preparation Kit v2 was used to prepare the libraries. Each group contains 3 replicates. NextSeq 500 was used for sequencing.