Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from human mesenchymal stem cells of parotid gland origin
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Yang Li
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-72984 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:Tuberculosis remains a major cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide, yet only 10% of people infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis develop disease. Defining both necessary and sufficient immunologic determinants of protection remains a great scientific challenge. Analysis of peripheral blood gene expression profiles of active tuberculosis patients has identified correlates of risk for disease or pathogenesis. We sought to identify human potential candidate markers of host defense by studying gene expression profiles of macrophages, cells which, upon infection by M. tuberculosis, can mount an antimicrobial response. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed an association between the cytokine, IL-32, and the vitamin D antimicrobial pathway in a network of IFN-γ and IL-15 induced ‘defense response’ genes. IL-32 was sufficient for induction of the vitamin D-dependent antimicrobial peptides, cathelicidin and DEFB4, and generation of antimicrobial activity in vitro, dependent on the presence of adequate 25-hydroxyvitamin D. The IL-15 induced ‘defense response’ macrophage gene network was integrated with ranked pairwise comparisons of gene expression from five different clinical data sets of latent vs. active tuberculosis or healthy controls, and a co-expression network derived from gene expression in patients with tuberculosis undergoing chemotherapy. Together, these analyses identified eight common genes, including IL-32, as molecular markers of latent tuberculosis and the IL-15 induced gene network. Inferring that maintaining M. tuberculosis in a latent state and preventing transition to active disease represents host resistance, we believe these results identify IL-32 as one functional marker and potential correlate of protection against active tuberculosis. Adherent peripheral blood monuclear cells were derived by Ficoll-Hypaque from the whole blood of four healthy donors. Cells adhered to tissue culture-treated plates for 2 h in 1% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) in RPMI. Cells were washed then stimulated with IL-10 (10ng/ml), IL-15 (10ng/ml) (R&D Systems), or IL-4 (1U/ml) in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% FBS at 37°C, 5% CO2. Cells were harvested at 6 h and 24 h after stimulation and monocytes purified by CD14 microbeads (Miltenyi Biotec) for a confirmed monocyte purity of at least 90%. RNA from purified monocytes extracted by Trizol and purified by Qiagen RNeasy Kit. RNA probe and microarray performed by UCLA Clinical Microarray Core using Ambion labeling kit and Affymetrix Human U133 Plus 2.0 array.
2014-08-20 | E-GEOD-59184 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:During development, thymocytes bearing a moderately self-reactive T cell receptor (TCR) can be selected to become regulatory T (Treg) cells. Several observations suggest that also in the periphery mature Treg cells continuously receive self-reactive TCR signals. However, the importance of this inherent autoreactivity for Treg cell biology remains poorly defined. To address this open question, we genetically ablated the TCR of mature Treg cells in vivo. These experiments revealed that TCR-induced Treg lineage-defining FoxP3 expression and gene hypomethylation were uncoupled from TCR input in mature Treg cells. However, Treg cell homeostasis, cell-type-specific gene expression and suppressive function critically depend on continuous triggering of their TCR. TCRpos (FoxP3+ CD4+ CD25high cells from CM-NM-1F/F FoxP3 I eGFP mice) and TCRneg (FoxP3+ TCRM-bM-^@M-^S CD4+ CD25high cells from Mx-Cre CM-NM-1F/F FoxP3 I eGFP mice) Treg cells were FACS sorted 6 weeks after poly(I:C) injection. Cells from 3-5 mice were pooled for sorting, and 4 replicates for the controls (TCRpos) as well as 5 replicates for the Mx-Cre (TCRneg) mice were generated. mRNA from 3-5 x 105 cells was purified with a RNeasy Micro kit (Qiagen), amplified, labeled and hybridized to Affymetrix M430 V2 microarrays
2014-10-21 | E-GEOD-62532 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Gene expression profiling was performed in ccRCC cells, which either express both HIF1alpha and HIF2alpha (either naturally or by virtue of induced expression of HIF1alpha) or express HIF2alpha alone (either naturally or by virtue of a HIF1alpha shRNA), to identify genes regulated by HIF1alpha in ccRCC cells. Three H2 cell lines 769P, A498, and SLR24 were stably infected with retrovirus encoding doxycycline-inducible Luciferase (control) or HIF1alpha, and two H1H2 cell lines Caki-2 and SLR25 were stably infected with retroviruses encoding scrambled (control) or HIF1alpha shRNA. Duplicated samples were used for each condition.
2011-12-02 | E-GEOD-27415 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The immune mechanisms that control resistance vs. susceptibility to mycobacterial infection in humans were investigated by studying leprosy skin lesions, the site where the battle between the host and the pathogen is joined. Using an integrative genomics approach, we found an inverse correlation between of IFN-beta and IFN-gamma gene expression programs at the site of disease. The Type II IFN, IFN-gamma and its downstream vitamin D-dependent antimicrobial genes were preferentially expressed in the lesions from patients with the self-healing tuberculoid form of the disease and mediated antimicrobial activity against the pathogen, Mycobacterium leprae in vitro. In contrast, the Type I IFN, IFN-beta and its downstream genes, including IL-27 and IL-10, were induced in monocytes by M. leprae in vitro, and were preferentially expressed in the lesions of disseminated and progressive lepromatous form. The IFN-gamma induced macrophage antimicrobial response was inhibited by IFN-beta/IL-10, by a mechanism involving blocking the generation of bioactive 1,25-dihyroxy vitamin D as well as inhibiting induction of antimicrobial peptides cathelicidin and DEFB4. The ability of IFN-M-oM-^AM-" to inhibit the IFN-gamma induced vitamin D pathway including antimicrobial activity was reversed by neutralization of IL-10, suggesting a possible target for therapeutic intervention. Finally, a common IFN-beta and IL-10 gene signature was identified in both the skin lesions of leprosy patients and in the peripheral blood of active tuberculosis patients. Together these data suggest that the ability of IFN-beta to downregulate protective IFN-gamma responses provides one general mechanism by which some bacterial pathogens of humans evade protective host responses and contribute to pathogenesis. Peripheral blood monuclear cells derived through Ficoll-Hypaque from the blood of healthy human donors (n=4). Cells adhered to tissue culture treated 6-well plates for 2 hours in 1% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) RPMI and then stimulated by IL-10 (R&D Systems) 10ng/ml or media alone in 10% FBS RPMI for 24 hours at 37M-BM-0C, 5% CO2. After stimulation, cells harvested and monocytes isolated through CD14 positive selection (Miltenyi Biotec). RNA from purified monocytes extracted by Trizol and purified by Qiagen RNeasy Kit. RNA probe and microarray performed by UCLA Clinical Microarray Core using Ambion labeling kit and Affymetrix Human U133 Plus 2.0 array.
2013-03-05 | E-GEOD-43700 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Here, we report on experiments in double-transgenic mice, in which RFP is expressed in all Foxp3+ Treg cells, whereas Foxp3-dependent GFP expression is exclusively confined to intrathymically induced Foxp3+ Treg cells. This novel molecular genetic tool enabled us to faithfully track and characterize naturally induced Treg cells of intrathymic (RFP+GFP+) and extrathymic (RFP+GFPM-bM-^HM-^R) origin in otherwise unmanipulated mice. These experiments directly demonstrate that extrathymically induced Treg cells substantially contribute to the overall pool of mature Foxp3+ Treg cells residing in peripheral lymphoid tissues of steady-state mice. Furthermore, we provide evidence that intra- and extrathymically induced Foxp3+ Treg cells represent distinct phenotypic and functional sublineages. CD4+CD25+ RFP+GFP- and CD4+CD25+ RFP+GFP+ T cells from pooled lymph nodes and pooled spleens of 20 mice were FACS sorted for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays in duplicates.
2014-07-09 | E-GEOD-59202 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To identify the target genes of Runx1 in MLL fusion leukemia, we performed microarray analysis using control and Runx1-deficient MLL-ENL leukemia cells. Runx1 intact and excised bone marrow cells were transduced with MLL-ENL and transplanted into congenic mice. Leukemic cells were harvested from moribund mice, and gene expression was compared using 3 independent leukemia cells for each genotype.
2013-06-30 | E-GEOD-47402 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Oxidative stress can arise when in vitro propagated plants developed under low light conditions are exposed to high light during transfer to ex vitro conditions. In such a situation, among the many potential stresses to which the transferred plant can be exposed, oxidative stress is commonly experienced, most likely brought about by absorption of light energy in excess of that required for very low levels of photosynthetic metabolism. In vitro propagated grapevine when transferred to ex vitro conditions with a 4 fold increase in PPFD shows an initial inhibition of PET accompanied by an accumulation of H2O2, suggesting a signal for the upregulation in gene expression and antioxidant enzyme activity, which peaked at 48h after transfer of in vitro grapevine to ex vitro growing conditions. When in vitro propagated plants are exposed to high light upon transfer to ex vitro oxidative stress symptoms occur. To determine whether the underlying pathways activated at the transfer of in vitro grapevine to ex vitro conditions reflect the processes occurring upon light stress we used microarrays. Leaves were harvested from in vitro grown plants immediately prior to transfer to ex vitro condition and 48h after transfer to compare gene expression before and after exposure of these plants to the high light conditions typical of ex vitro growth.
2011-02-10 | E-GEOD-27180 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Experimental research on the effects of abiotic stress over grapevine has mainly focused on water shortage. The adaptation of plants to stress is a complex response triggered by cascades of molecular networks involved in stress perception, signal transduction, and the expression of specific stress-related genes and metabolites. Approaches such as array-based transcript profiling allow assessing the expression of thousands of genes in control and stress tissues. The variety Aragonês, used in wine production, was subjected to controlled individual abiotic stresses, WS and HS. Physiological effects were confirmed by measuring photosynthesis light curves at ambient CO2 and stepwise increasing irradiances. To assess physiological effects of stress treatments, light responses (A/I) curves were measured on the third fully expanded leaf from four plants per treatment and in the control, immediately after heat stress, and when Ψw was -0.9 MPa in water stress.
2012-03-27 | E-GEOD-36849 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We report a new protein complex with a role in transcription elongation that is formed by Ypr045c (Thp3) and the Csn12 component of the COP9-signalosome. Thp3-Csn12 is recruited to transcribed genes. Their mutations suppress the gene expression defects of mutants of the THO complex involved in mRNP biogenesis and export and show defects in mRNA accumulation. In vivo transcription elongation impairment of thp3M-bM-^HM-^F mutants is shown by reduction of RNAPII recruitment throughout an active gene and in transcript run on analysis performed in G-less systems. This new complex establishes a novel link between transcription and mRNA processing. Tthree repeats of the wild type control and three of the ypr045cM-bM-^HM-^F mutant (BY4741 background).
2011-02-23 | E-GEOD-18994 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:THO/TREX is a conserved nuclear complex that functions in mRNP biogenesis at the interface of transcription-RNA export with a key role in preventing transcription-associated genome instability. We used microarrays to analyze the impact of different THO/TREX mutations on gene expression and found that THO-Sub2 deletions have a high functional impact on highly expressed, long and G+C-rich genes regardless of gene function. S. cerevisiae strains were grown in YPAD liquid culture, total RNA was isolated and hybridized on Affymetrix microarrays.
2011-06-28 | E-GEOD-24802 | biostudies-arrayexpress