Dataset Information

Race-related population attributable fraction of preventable risk factors of dementia: A Latino population-based study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Risk factors for dementia have distinct frequency and impact in relation to race. Our aim was to identify differences in modifiable risk factors of dementia related to races and estimate their population attributable fraction (PAF).

Methods

An epidemiological cohort was used to estimate the prevalence of 10 modifiable risk factors for dementia among five races-White, Black, Brown, Asian, and Indigenous. Sample weighting was used to estimate the prevalence and PAF of each risk factor in each race.

Results

A total of 9070 individuals were included. Overall adjusted PAF was the lowest in Indigenous (38.9%), and Asian individuals (41.2%). Race-related prevalence of individual risk factors was widely variable in our population, but hearing loss was the most important contributor to the overall PAF in all races.

Conclusions

Public policies aiming to reduce preventable risk factors for dementia should take into consideration the race of the target populations.

Highlights

Preventable risk factors for dementia vary according to race.Hearing loss presented the highest prevalence among all races studied.Indigenous and Asian individuals presented the lowest population attributable fractions.Black and Brown individuals were more vulnerable to social determinants.

SUBMITTER: Borelli WV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10031750 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan-Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Race-related population attributable fraction of preventable risk factors of dementia: A Latino population-based study.

Borelli Wyllians Vendramini WV Formoso Carolina Rodrigues CR Bieger Andrei A Ferreira Pamela Lukasewicz PL Zimmer Eduardo R ER Pascoal Tharick Ali TA Chaves Marcia Lorena Fagundes MLF Castilhos Raphael Machado RM

Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 20230101 1

<h4>Background</h4>Risk factors for dementia have distinct frequency and impact in relation to race. Our aim was to identify differences in modifiable risk factors of dementia related to races and estimate their population attributable fraction (PAF).<h4>Methods</h4>An epidemiological cohort was used to estimate the prevalence of 10 modifiable risk factors for dementia among five races-White, Black, Brown, Asian, and Indigenous. Sample weighting was used to estimate the prevalence and PAF of eac ...[more]

PMID: 36968620

Similar Datasets

Project description:ImportanceIdentifying modifiable risk factors that are associated with dementia burden across racial and ethnic groups in the population can yield insights into the potential effectiveness of interventions in preventing dementia and reducing disparities.ObjectiveTo calculate the population attributable fraction (PAF) of dementia associated with 12 established modifiable risk factors for all US adults, as well as separately by race and ethnicity.Design, setting, and participantsThis cross-sectional study used survey data from nationally representative samples of US adults. PAFs were calculated using relative risks and prevalence estimates for 12 risk factors. Relative risks were taken from meta-analyses, as reported in a 2020 systematic review. Prevalence estimates for risk factors were derived from nationally representative cross-sectional survey data collected between 2011 and 2018. Combined PAFs were adjusted for risk factor communality using weights derived from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study (1987-2018). Analyses were conducted May through October 2021.ExposuresLow education, hearing loss, traumatic brain injury, hypertension, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, smoking, depression, social isolation, physical inactivity, diabetes, and air pollution.Main outcomes and measuresPAF for each dementia risk factor, a combined PAF, and the decrease in the number of prevalent dementia cases in 2020 that would be expected given a 15% proportional decrease in each exposure.ResultsAmong all US adults, an estimated 41.0% (95% CI, 22.7%-55.9%) of dementia cases were attributable to 12 risk factors. A 15% proportional decrease in each risk factor would reduce dementia prevalence in the population by an estimated 7.3% (95% CI, 3.7%-10.9%). The estimated PAF was greater for Black and Hispanic than it was for White and Asian individuals. The greatest attributable fraction of dementia cases was observed for hypertension (PAF, 20.2%; 95% CI, 6.3%-34.4%), obesity (PAF, 20.9%; 95% CI, 13.0%-28.8%), and physical inactivity (PAF, 20.1%; 95% CI, 9.1%-29.6%). These factors were also highest within each racial and ethnic group, although the proportions varied.Conclusions and relevanceA large fraction of dementia cases in the US were associated with potentially modifiable risk factors, especially for Black and Hispanic individuals. Targeting and reducing these risk factors may curb the projected rise in dementia cases over the next several decades.

Project description:BackgroundSevere maternal morbidity is an important proxy for maternal mortality. Population attributable fraction is the proportion of a disease that is attributable to a given risk factor and can be used to estimate the reduction in the disease that would be anticipated if a risk factor was reduced or eliminated.ObjectiveWe sought to determine the population-attributable fraction (PAF) of potentially modifiable risk factors for severe maternal morbidity.Study designWe used a retrospective cohort of 86,260 delivery hospitalizations from Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA for this analysis (2003-2012). Severe maternal morbidity was defined as any of the following: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention International Classification of Diseases 9th Revision diagnosis and procedure codes for the identification of maternal morbidity; prolonged postpartum length of stay (defined as >3 standard deviations beyond the mean length of stay: >3 days for vaginal deliveries and >5 days for Cesarean deliveries); or maternal intensive care unit admission. We used multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to estimate the association of prepregnancy overweight or obesity, maternal age ≥35 years, preexisting hypertension, preexisting diabetes, excessive gestational weight gain, smoking, education, and marital status with severe maternal morbidity. We then calculated the PAF for each risk factor. We also examined the impact of modest reductions and elimination of risk factors on the PAF of severe maternal morbidity.ResultsThe overall rate of severe maternal morbidity was 2.0%. Overweight and obesity, maternal age ≥35 years, preexisting hypertension, excessive gestational weight gain, and lack of a college degree had PAF ranging from 4.5% to 13%. If all risk factors were eliminated, 36% of cases could have been prevented. Modest reductions in the prevalence of excessive BMI and advanced maternal age had minimal impact on preventing severe maternal morbidity. Smoking during pregnancy and marital status were not associated with severe maternal morbidity.ConclusionsOur data suggest maternal morbidity can be reduced by modifying common, individual-level risk factors. Nevertheless, the majority of cases were not attributable to the patient level risk factors we examined. These data support the need for large studies of patient-, provider-, system- and population-level factors to identify high-impact interventions to reduce maternal morbidity.

Dataset Information

Race-related population attributable fraction of preventable risk factors of dementia: A Latino population-based study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Highlights

Publications

Race-related population attributable fraction of preventable risk factors of dementia: A Latino population-based study.

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