Dataset Information

Incidence and distribution of ocular disorders in the first year of life.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

To describe the incidence and distribution of eye diseases affecting children in the first year of life in Olmsted County, Minnesota.

Methods

We conducted a population-based, retrospective medical record review of infants (≤1 year of age) residing in Olmsted County diagnosed with an ocular disorder from January 1, 2005, through December 31, 2014.

Results

A total of 4,223 infants were diagnosed with an ocular disorder, yielding an incidence of 20,242/100,000 births per year, or 1 in 4.9 live births (95% CI, 19,632-20,853). The median age at diagnosis was 3 months, and 2,179 (51.5%) were female. The most common diagnoses included conjunctivitis, in 2,175 (51.5%), nasolacrimal duct obstruction, in 1,432 (33.6%), and pseudostrabismus, in 173 (4.1%). Visual acuity was decreased in one or both eyes in 23 (0.5%) infants because of strabismus in 10 (43.5%) and cerebral visual impairment in 3 (13.0%). A majority of the infants (3,674 [86.9%]) were diagnosed and managed by a primary care provider, and 549 (13.0%) were evaluated and/or managed by an eye care provider.

Conclusions

Although ocular disorders occurred in 1 in 5 infants in this cohort, most conditions were evaluated and managed by primary care providers. Understanding the incidence and distribution of ocular diseases among infants is useful for planning clinical resources.

SUBMITTER: Mansukhani SA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10148898 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Incidence and distribution of ocular disorders in the first year of life.

Mansukhani Sasha A SA Bothun Cole E CE Xu Timothy T TT Hendricks Tina M TM Hodge David O DO Bothun Erick D ED Mohney Brian G BG

Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 20230308 2

<h4>Purpose</h4>To describe the incidence and distribution of eye diseases affecting children in the first year of life in Olmsted County, Minnesota.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a population-based, retrospective medical record review of infants (≤1 year of age) residing in Olmsted County diagnosed with an ocular disorder from January 1, 2005, through December 31, 2014.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 4,223 infants were diagnosed with an ocular disorder, yielding an incidence of 20,242/100,000 births p ...[more]

PMID: 36898661

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Infants are thought to be protected against malaria during the first months of life mainly due to passage of maternal antibodies. However, in high transmission settings, malaria in early infancy is not uncommon and susceptibility to the infections varies between individuals. This study aimed to determine malaria morbidity and infection during early childhood in rural Burkina Faso. METHODS:Malariometric indices were determined over 1-year follow-up in a birth cohort of 734 infants living in Nanoro health district. Clinical malaria episodes were determined by passive case detection at peripheral health centres while asymptomatic malaria infections were identified during 4 cross-sectional surveys at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age. Plasmodium falciparum infections were detected by rapid diagnostic test and/or light microscopy (LM) and quantitative PCR (qPCR). RESULTS:In total, 717 clinical episodes were diagnosed by qPCR over 8335.18 person-months at risk. The overall malaria incidence was 1.03 per child-year and increased from 0.27 per child-year at 0-3 months of age to 1.92 per child-year at 9-12 months of age. Some 59% of children experienced at least one clinical episode with a median survival time estimated at 9.9 months, while 20% of infants experienced the first episode before 6 months of age. The majority of the clinical episodes were attributable to microscopic parasitaemia (84.2%), and there was a positive correlation between parasite density and age (Spearman's rho = 0.30; P < 0.0001). Prevalence of asymptomatic infections was similar at 3, 6 and 9 months of age (17.7-20.1%) and nearly 1.6 times higher at 12 months (31.3%). Importantly, gametocyte prevalence among the LM-positive study population was 6.7%, but increased to 10% among asymptomatic infections. In addition, 46% of asymptomatic infections were only detected by qPCR suggesting that infants below 1 year are a potential reservoir for sustaining malaria transmission. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic infections showed marked seasonal distribution with the highest transmission period (July to December) accounting for about 89 and 77% of those infections, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:These findings indicate high and marked age and seasonal-dependency of malaria infections and disease during the first year of life in Nanoro, calling for intensified efforts to control malaria in rural Burkina Faso.

Dataset Information

Incidence and distribution of ocular disorders in the first year of life.

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Incidence and distribution of ocular disorders in the first year of life.

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