Dataset Information

Primary SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: long-term humoral immune responses and effects on disease activity.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) on immunosuppressants (ISPs) may have impaired long-term humoral immune responses and increased disease activity after SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to investigate long-term humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 and increased disease activity after a primary SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated IMID patients on ISPs.

Methods

IMID patients on active treatment with ISPs and controls (i.e. IMID patients not on ISP and healthy controls) with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection before first vaccination were included from an ongoing prospective cohort study (T2B! study). Clinical data on infections and increased disease activity were registered using electronic surveys and health records. A serum sample was collected before first vaccination to measure SARS-CoV-2 anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibodies.

Results

In total, 193 IMID patients on ISP and 113 controls were included. Serum samples from 185 participants were available, with a median time of 173 days between infection and sample collection. The rate of seropositive IMID patients on ISPs was 78% compared to 100% in controls (p < 0.001). Seropositivity rates were lowest in patients on anti-CD20 (40.0%) and anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents (60.5%), as compared to other ISPs (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Increased disease activity after infection was reported by 68 of 260 patients (26.2%; 95% CI 21.2-31.8%), leading to ISP intensification in 6 out of these 68 patients (8.8%).

Conclusion

IMID patients using ISPs showed reduced long-term humoral immune responses after primary SARS-CoV-2 infection, which was mainly attributed to treatment with anti-CD20 and anti-TNF agents. Increased disease activity after SARS-CoV-2 infection was reported commonly, but was mostly mild.

Trial registration

NL74974.018.20, Trial ID: NL8900. Registered on 9 September 2020.

SUBMITTER: van Dam KPJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10189216 | biostudies-literature | 2023 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Primary SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: long-term humoral immune responses and effects on disease activity.

van Dam Koos P J KPJ Volkers Adriaan G AG Wieske Luuk L Stalman Eileen W EW Kummer Laura Y L LYL van Kempen Zoé L E ZLE Killestein Joep J Tas Sander W SW Boekel Laura L Wolbink Gerrit J GJ van der Kooi Anneke J AJ Raaphorst Joost J Takkenberg R Bart RB D'Haens Geert R A M GRAM Spuls Phyllis I PI Bekkenk Marcel W MW Musters Annelie H AH Post Nicoline F NF Bosma Angela L AL Hilhorst Marc L ML Vegting Yosta Y Bemelman Frederike J FJ Voskuyl Alexandre E AE Broens Bo B Sanchez Agner Parra AP van Els Cécile A C M CACM de Wit Jelle J Rutgers Abraham A de Leeuw Karina K Horváth Barbara B Verschuuren Jan J G M JJGM Ruiter Annabel M AM van Ouwerkerk Lotte L van der Woude Diane D Allaart Renée C F RCF Teng Y K Onno YKO van Paassen Pieter P Busch Matthias H MH Jallah Papay B P PBP Brusse Esther E van Doorn Pieter A PA Baars Adája E AE Hijnen Dirk Jan DJ Schreurs Corine R G CRG van der Pol W Ludo WL Goedee H Stephan HS Steenhuis Maurice M Keijzer Sofie S Keijser Jim B D JBD Cristianawati Olvi O Ten Brinke Anja A Verstegen Niels J M NJM van Ham S Marieke SM Rispens Theo T Kuijpers Taco W TW Löwenberg Mark M Eftimov Filip F

BMC infectious diseases 20230517 1

<h4>Background</h4>Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) on immunosuppressants (ISPs) may have impaired long-term humoral immune responses and increased disease activity after SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to investigate long-term humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 and increased disease activity after a primary SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated IMID patients on ISPs.<h4>Methods</h4>IMID patients on active treatment with ISPs and controls (i.e. IMID patients not ...[more]

PMID: 37198536

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 remains a world-wide health issue. SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity is induced upon both infection and vaccination. However, defining the long-term immune trajectory, especially after infection, is limited. In this study, we aimed to further the understanding of long-term SARS-CoV-2-specific immune response after infection.ResultsWe conducted a longitudinal cohort study among 93 SARS-CoV-2 recovered individuals. Immune responses were continuously monitored for up to 20 months after infection. The humoral responses were quantified by Spike- and Nucleocapsid-specific IgG levels. T cell responses to Spike- and non-Spike epitopes were examined using both intercellular cytokine staining (ICS) assay and Activation-Induced marker (AIM) assay with quantification of antigen-specific IFNγ production. During the 20 months follow-up period, Nucleocapsid-specific antibody levels and non-Spike-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cell frequencies decreased in the blood. However, a majority of participants maintained a durable immune responses 20 months after infection: 59% of the participants were seropositive for Nucleocapsid-specific IgG, and more than 70% had persisting non-Spike-specific T cells. The Spike-specific response initially decreased but as participants were vaccinated against COVID-19, Spike-specific IgG levels and T cell frequencies were boosted reaching similar or higher levels compared to 1 month post-infection. The trajectory of infection-induced SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity decreases, but for the majority of participants it persists beyond 20 months. The T cell response displays a greater durability. Vaccination boosts Spike-specific immune responses to similar or higher levels as seen after primary infection.ConclusionsFor most participants, the response persists 20 months after infection, and the cellular response appears to be more long-lived compared to the circulating antibody levels. Vaccination boosts the S-specific response but does not affect the non-S-specific response. Together, these findings support the understanding of immune contraction, and with studies showing the immune levels required for protection, adds to the knowledge of durability of protection against future SARS-CoV-2.

Dataset Information

Primary SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: long-term humoral immune responses and effects on disease activity.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Trial registration

Publications

Primary SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: long-term humoral immune responses and effects on disease activity.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets