Low birthweight is associated with a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes over two decades independent of adult BMI and genetic predisposition.
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ABSTRACT: Aims/hypothesis
Low birthweight is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Most previous studies are based on cross-sectional prevalence data, not designed to study the timing of onset of type 2 diabetes in relation to birthweight. We aimed to examine associations of birthweight with age-specific incidence rate of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged to older adults over two decades.Methods
Adults aged 30-60 years enrolled in the Danish Inter99 cohort in 1999-2001 (baseline examination), with information on birthweight from original birth records from 1939-1971 and without diabetes at baseline, were eligible. Birth records were linked with individual-level data on age at diabetes diagnosis and key covariates. Incidence rates of type 2 diabetes as a function of age, sex and birthweight were modelled using Poisson regression, adjusting for prematurity status at birth, parity, polygenic scores for birthweight and type 2 diabetes, maternal and paternal diabetes history, socioeconomic status and adult BMI.Results
In 4590 participants there were 492 incident type 2 diabetes cases during a mean follow-up of 19 years. Type 2 diabetes incidence rate increased with age, was higher in male participants, and decreased with increasing birthweight (incidence rate ratio [95% CI per 1 kg increase in birthweight] 0.60 [0.48, 0.75]). The inverse association of birthweight with type 2 diabetes incidence was statistically significant across all models and in sensitivity analysis.Conclusions/interpretation
A lower birthweight was associated with increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes independent of adult BMI and genetic risk of type 2 diabetes and birthweight.
SUBMITTER: Wibaek R
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10390608 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Low birthweight is associated with a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes over two decades independent of adult BMI and genetic predisposition.
Wibaek Rasmus R Andersen Gregers S GS Linneberg Allan A Hansen Torben T Grarup Niels N Thuesen Anne Cathrine B ACB Jensen Rasmus T RT Wells Jonathan C K JCK Pilgaard Kasper A KA Brøns Charlotte C Vistisen Dorte D Vaag Allan A AA
Diabetologia 20230612 9
<h4>Aims/hypothesis</h4>Low birthweight is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Most previous studies are based on cross-sectional prevalence data, not designed to study the timing of onset of type 2 diabetes in relation to birthweight. We aimed to examine associations of birthweight with age-specific incidence rate of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged to older adults over two decades.<h4>Methods</h4>Adults aged 30-60 years enrolled in the Danish Inter99 cohort in 1999-2001 (baseline examination), wi ...[more]
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