Dataset Information

Systolic third sound associated with systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve in cats with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Third heart sounds in cats frequently are associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) but their exact characterization and timing within the cardiac cycle remains unknown.

Objectives

Characterize third heart sounds in cats by phonocardiography and test the ability of 3 observers with different levels of experience and training to recognize third systolic heart sounds in cats.

Animals

Fifty client-owned cats of different breeds presented for heart screening.

Methods

Cats were prospectively assessed using an electronic stethoscope (with digital recording) and then underwent full conventional echocardiographic examination. Audio recordings were blindly assessed in a random order by 3 observers: the cardiologist who collected clinical data, as well as a trained and an untrained junior veterinarian. Cohen's kappa coefficients were calculated to quantify agreement between the opinion of each observer and the echocardiography results (considered the gold standard).

Results

Twenty cats had a third systolic sound on phonocardiography and an obstructive HCM phenotype with systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve (SAM) on echocardiography. Agreement with echocardiography was very good for the experienced cardiologist, substantial for the trained junior veterinarian, and poor for the untrained junior veterinarian (kappa of 0.92, 0,64, and 0.08, respectively).

Conclusions and clinical importance

We describe here a new auscultatory abnormality in cats with obstructive HCM. It could help a trained non-cardiologist veterinarian in suspecting obstructive HCM in cats based on auscultation only.

SUBMITTER: Saponaro V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10472982 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep-Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Systolic third sound associated with systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve in cats with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Saponaro Vittorio V Mey Clémence C Vonfeld Irène I Chamagne Antoine A Alvarado Maria-Paz MP Cadoré Jean-Luc JL Chetboul Valérie V Desquilbet Loïc L

Journal of veterinary internal medicine 20230713 5

<h4>Background</h4>Third heart sounds in cats frequently are associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) but their exact characterization and timing within the cardiac cycle remains unknown.<h4>Objectives</h4>Characterize third heart sounds in cats by phonocardiography and test the ability of 3 observers with different levels of experience and training to recognize third systolic heart sounds in cats.<h4>Animals</h4>Fifty client-owned cats of different breeds presented for heart screening. ...[more]

PMID: 37448142

Similar Datasets

Project description:Background and objectiveThe prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is estimated to be 1 in 200 to 500 individuals, with systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve (MV) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction present in 60% to 70%. In this narrative review, we aim to elucidate the pathophysiology of SAM-septal contact and LVOT obstruction in HCM by presenting a detailed review on the anatomy of the MV apparatus in HCM, examining the various existing theories pertaining to the SAM phenomenon as supported by cardiac imaging, and providing a critical assessment of management strategies for SAM in HCM.MethodsA literature review was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid, and the Cochrane Library, of all scientific articles published through December 2021. A focus was placed on descriptive studies, reports correlating echocardiographic findings with pathologic diagnosis, and outcomes studies.Key content and findingsThe pathophysiology of SAM involves the complex interplay between HCM morphology, MV apparatus anatomic abnormalities, and labile hemodynamic derangements. Echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) vector flow mapping have identified drag forces, as opposed to the "Venturi effect", as the main hydraulic forces responsible for SAM. The degree of mitral regurgitation with SAM is variable, and its severity is correlated with degree of LVOT obstruction and outcomes. First line therapy for the amelioration of SAM and LVOT obstruction is medical therapy with beta-blockers, non-dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers, and disopyramide, in conjunction with lifestyle modifications. In refractory cases septal reduction therapy is performed, which may be combined with a 'resect-plicate-release' procedure, anterior mitral leaflet extension, surgical edge-to-edge MV repair, anterior mitral leaflet retention plasty, or secondary chordal cutting.ConclusionsRecent scientific advances in the field of HCM have allowed for a maturation of our understanding of the SAM phenomenon. Cardiac imaging plays a critical role in its diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance, and in our ability to apply the appropriate therapeutic regimens. The increasing prevalence of HCM places an emphasis on continued basic and clinical research to further improve outcomes for this challenging population.

Dataset Information

Systolic third sound associated with systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve in cats with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Background

Objectives

Animals

Methods

Results

Conclusions and clinical importance

Publications

Systolic third sound associated with systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve in cats with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Similar Datasets

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