Dataset Information

Reactive hypoglycemia in binge eating disorder, food addiction, and the comorbid phenotype: unravelling the metabolic drive to disordered eating behaviours.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Impaired metabolic response such as blood glucose fast fluctuations may be hypothesized in binge eating disorder (BED) and food addiction (FA) by virtue of the repetitive consumption of highly processed food. Conversely, rapid changes in plasma glucose (i.e., hypoglycemia) may trigger craving for the same food products. The investigation of early glycemic disturbances in BED and FA could enhance the understanding of the metabolic mechanisms involved in the maintenance of the disorders. Present study investigated hypoglycemia events during a 5-h-long oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in people with BED, FA, and the comorbid phenotype. Further, the association between the severity of eating psychopathology and the variability in hypoglycaemia events was explored.

Methods

Two-hundred participants with high weight and no diabetes completed the extended OGTT and were screened for BED, FA, BED-FA, or no-BED/FA. The four groups were compared in hypoglycemia events, OGTT-derived measures, and eating psychopathology. The association between predictors (eating psychopathology), confounders (demographics, metabolic features), and the outcomes (hypoglycemia, early/late hypoglycemia, severe hypoglycemia, reactive hypoglycemia) was examined through logistic regression.

Results

Hypoglycemia in general, and reactive hypoglycemia were highly frequent (79% and 28% of the sample, respectively). Hypoglycemia events (< 70 mg/dL) were equally experienced among groups, whilst severe hypoglycemia (< 54 mg/dL) was more frequent in BED at the late stage of OGTT (5 h; χ² = 1.120, p = .011). The FA and BED groups exhibited significantly higher number of reactive hypoglycemia (χ² = 13.898, p = .003), in different times by diagnosis (FA: 210'-240'; BED: at the 270'). FA severity was the only predictor of early and reactive hypoglycemia.

Conclusions

People with BED or FA are prone to experiencing reactive hypoglycemia; FA severity may predict early and symptomatic hypoglycemia events. This can further reinforce disordered eating behaviours by promoting addictive responses, both biologically and behaviourally. These results inform professionals dealing with eating disorders about the need to refer patients for metabolic evaluation. On the other hand, clinicians dealing with obesity should screen for and address BED and FA in patients seeking care for weight loss.

SUBMITTER: Rania M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10507855 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Reactive hypoglycemia in binge eating disorder, food addiction, and the comorbid phenotype: unravelling the metabolic drive to disordered eating behaviours.

Rania Marianna M Caroleo Mariarita M Carbone Elvira Anna EA Ricchio Marco M Pelle Maria Chiara MC Zaffina Isabella I Condoleo Francesca F de Filippis Renato R Aloi Matteo M De Fazio Pasquale P Arturi Franco F Segura-Garcia Cristina C

Journal of eating disorders 20230919 1

<h4>Background</h4>Impaired metabolic response such as blood glucose fast fluctuations may be hypothesized in binge eating disorder (BED) and food addiction (FA) by virtue of the repetitive consumption of highly processed food. Conversely, rapid changes in plasma glucose (i.e., hypoglycemia) may trigger craving for the same food products. The investigation of early glycemic disturbances in BED and FA could enhance the understanding of the metabolic mechanisms involved in the maintenance of the d ...[more]

PMID: 37726785

Similar Datasets

Project description:ObjectiveParental eating disorders are associated with disordered eating behaviors and psychopathology in their children, but it is not known whether parent treatment for binge-eating disorder (BED) is associated with changes in child disordered eating behaviors and weight. Benefits or the "ripple" effect of treatment on untreated family members has been described in the obesity literature but not for BED.MethodParticipants evaluated for two randomized clinical trials for BED were screened for whether they had children. 76 parents completed baseline assessments about a school-aged child; 62 were randomized to treatment, of whom 41 completed end-of-treatment assessments about their child's eating behaviors and weight (which were not targeted in the parent treatments).ResultsAnalyses revealed a significant effect of time on children's binge-eating frequency and perceived weight category and a significant effect of parent medication on perceived weight category. Parental change in binge eating was associated significantly with changes in child secretive eating and food hoarding. Parental change in weight was not associated significantly with change in age/sex-normed child BMI percentile, but had some associations with parent-perceived child weight category.ConclusionsParent changes during their treatment were associated with changes in their children. Future longitudinal research is needed to examine when disordered eating emerges and clarify critical intervention timing related to children's age and parental BED. Further clinical research is also needed to assess the effectiveness of treating disordered eating at the family level.Public significancePrior cross-sectional work has found that parents with BED are more likely to have children who engage in binge eating compared to parents without eating-disorder psychopathology. This study was an initial exploration of change in children when parents received treatment in randomized controlled trials for BED. In this study, parent changes in binge eating were associated with reduced child secretive eating and food hoarding.

Project description:IntroductionFood addiction (FA) is a promising construct regarding the multifactorial aetiology of obesity and the search for therapeutic approaches. However, there is an ongoing debate regarding the overlap/differentiation with eating disorders and the classification as a substance- or behaviour-related addiction. Energy-dense foods, especially those combining carbohydrates and fat, are associated with addictive eating and suspected of playing a role in the genesis of FA. This study aims to further understand the clinical significance of FA and to identify possible therapeutic targets. A special focus is set on potentially addictive foods (combination of carbohydrates and fat).MethodsBased on the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, a cohort of 112 German adults with morbid obesity was divided into two sub-samples (patients with and without FA), which were examined for differences in the variables listed below.ResultsThe prevalence of FA was 25%. Patients meeting criteria for FA showed higher degrees of hunger, emotional, binge, and night eating than patients without FA. In addition, hunger and disinhibition were found to be significant predictors of FA. FA was not associated with sex, age, body mass index (BMI), cognitive restraint, rigid and flexible control, prevalence of substance use, age of onset of obesity, stress level, level of social support, reduction of BMI during a weight loss programme, or programme withdrawal rate. There was no significant difference in the consumption of foods rich in both carbohydrates and fat, nor of fat or carbohydrates alone.ConclusionFA can be considered as a sub-phenotype of obesity, occurring in approximately 25% of obesity cases. Dysfunctional emotional coping mechanisms associated with low distress tolerance showed to be significantly related to FA and should be targeted therapeutically. Behavioural interventions should include a bio-psycho-social model. Binge eating episodes were found to be characteristic for FA and the already stated overlap between FA and binge eating behaviour can be confirmed. The results do not support a decisive difference due to a substance-related component of FA. Despite this, the existence of FA as a distinct entity cannot be excluded, as not all patients with FA exhibit binges.

Dataset Information

Reactive hypoglycemia in binge eating disorder, food addiction, and the comorbid phenotype: unravelling the metabolic drive to disordered eating behaviours.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Reactive hypoglycemia in binge eating disorder, food addiction, and the comorbid phenotype: unravelling the metabolic drive to disordered eating behaviours.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets